The General Health Questionnaire and Eysenck's Three-Dimensional Model of Personality

2005 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 288-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie J. Francis ◽  
Mandy Robbins ◽  
Catherine F. Quigley ◽  
Christopher Alan Lewis
Keyword(s):  
General Health ◽  
Short Form ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Men And Women

A sample of 115 men and women between the ages of 20 and 60 completed the 30-item General Health Questionnaire together with the short-form Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. The data indicate psychological distress so assessed is correlated .43 ( p<.001) with Neuroticism and –.26 ( p<.01) with Introversion but is unrelated to Psychoticism scores.

Stability of Personality Traits and Psychological Distress over Six Years

1994 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robbert Sanderman ◽  
Adelita V. Ranchor
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
General Health ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Initial Testing

Personality traits were quite stable over 6 yr. among 225 subjects from a community sample, wheteas psychological distress of initial testing could hardly explain scores 6 yr. later. Findings support the trait-state distinction of the measures under study, the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and the General Health Questionnaire-30.

The General Health Questionnaire: how many items are really necessary in population surveys?

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 957-961 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. K. Jacobsen ◽  
T. Hasvold ◽  
G. Høyer ◽  
V. Hansen
Keyword(s):  
General Health ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Population Surveys ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies

SYNOPSISThis paper seeks to investigate whether only a few questions selected from the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) may be used to measure the degree of mental distress in population surveys. Data from 2112 men and women, 18 to 70 years old from two cross-sectional studies conducted in northern Norway and the island of Spitzbergen in the Arctic, were used. Correlation analysis of Likert scores from a 20-item version of GHQ (GHQ-20) with Likert scores based on four and six items selected by multiple regression analysis or by competent physicians was performed. The correlation coefficients between the scores from the subsets of four items and the full GHQ-20 questionnaire were high (greater than 0·80) in all examined subgroups of the populations. Increasing the number of questions from four to six only marginally increased the correlation coefficients. Thus, a simple linear sum of Likert scores based on a few GHQ items can be used to measure the degree of mental distress in population surveys.

Types of social support as predictors of psychiatric morbidity in a cohort of British Civil Servants (Whitehall II Study)

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 881-892 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. STANSFELD ◽  
R. FUHRER ◽  
M. J. SHIPLEY
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
General Health ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Good Mental Health

Background. Few studies have examined prospectively both the direct and buffering effects of types of social support and social networks on mental health. This paper reports longitudinal associations between types of social support and psychiatric morbidity from the Whitehall II study.Methods. Social support was measured by the Close Persons Questionnaire and psychiatric morbidity by the General Health Questionnaire at baseline (1985–1988) and at first follow-up (1989) in 7697 male and female London-based civil servants aged 35–55 years at baseline. The cohort was followed up and baseline measures were used to predict psychiatric disorder measured by the General Health Questionnaire at second follow-up (1991–1993).Results. Longitudinal analyses showed that low confiding/emotional support in men and high negative aspects of close relationships in men and women were associated with greater risk of psychiatric morbidity even after adjustment for baseline General Health Questionnaire score. There was no evidence of a buffering effect among men or women who experienced life events or chronic stressors. Controlling for a personality measure of hostility did not affect the observed relations.Conclusions. The present findings illustrate that different types of support are risk factors for psychological distress and that they operate in different ways for men and women. Direct effects of emotional support are predictive of good mental health in men and negative aspects of close relations predict poor mental health in both men and women. Emotional support is predictive of good mental health in women whereas, confiding alone is not.

scholarly journals Surgical Treatment for Stenosing Peroneal Tenosynovitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 2473011417S0002
Author(s):  
Sydney Karnovsky ◽  
Mark Drakos ◽  
David Levine ◽  
Geoffrey Watson
Keyword(s):  
General Health ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Short Form ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Tendon Sheath ◽  
Peroneal Tendon ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Foot And Ankle ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Outcome Score

Category: Ankle Introduction/Purpose: Stenosing Peroneal Tenosynovitis is an uncommon entity that is equally difficult to diagnose. In our practice, we have found 14 patients with this diagnosis. They were all successfully treated with release of the peroneal tendon sheath and debridement of the calcaneal exostosis. Further, the ultrasound guided anesthetic injection of the tendon sheath preoperatively essential in confirming this diagnosis and evaluating for successful outcomes after surgical intervention. Methods: 14 patients were diagnosed with Stenosing Peroneal Tenosynovitis. Upon initial presentation, the patients all reported a persistent history of pain along the ankle and had exhausted conservative treatment options. Patients with MRIs had images that appeared normal. In order to confirm the diagnosis as Stenosing Peroneal Tenosynovitis, ultrasound guided injections of anesthetics were administered into the peroneal tendon sheath. If the injection alleviated the pain, this confirmed the diagnosis of Stenosing Peroneal Tenosynovitis. Patients also had neurological consults to rule out possible sural neuritis. In patients with a confirmed diagnosis of stenosing peroneal tenosynovitis, we proceeded with surgical intervention. They underwent surgery between 2006 and 2014 by two fellowship trained orthopedic surgeons at one institution. Retrospective chart review was performed and functional outcomes were assessed pre-and postoperatively using the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) and Short Form-12 (SF-12) general health questionnaire. Results: All patients that underwent this procedure were given the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) and Short Form 12 (SF-12) general health questionnaire pre-operatively. Questionnaire results were collected post-operatively and were successfully obtained at one year or greater from 11 patients. Of these 11 patients, all showed significant improvements (student t test used, p<0.05) in four of five categories of the FAOS (pain, daily activities, quality of life) as well as significant improvement in their overall SF-12 score and pain scale score (Table). Conclusion: Stenosing peroneal tenosynovitis is an uncommon entity. The presentation of the disease is one of persistent lateral sided ankle pain with minimal radiologic findings. We present a case series in which the peroneal tendon sheath was diagnostically injected with an anesthetic to determine if the pain could be relieved. In each of the cases, symptomatic improvement was obtained following the injection, helping to confirm the diagnosis. With the fact that many of these patients had advanced imaging denoting no significant tears, we believe, this diagnostic injection is paramount in assisting with determining the success of surgical outcome.

A multidimensional Rasch analysis of the screener and opioid assessment for patients with pain-revised

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-296
Author(s):  
Courtney Morris, PhD ◽  
Kathy E. Green, PhD ◽  
Richa Ghevarghese, PhC
Keyword(s):  
Item Response ◽  
Rasch Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Pain Medication ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Item Responses ◽  
Best Fit

Objective: Pilot study to assess psychometric indices of the screener and opioid assessment for patients with pain-revised (SOAPP-R ©) with item response theory.Design: Correlational.Setting: Patients.Outcome measures: The SOAPP-R©, the pain self-efficacy questionnaire (PSE-Q), and the patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and a demographic questionnaire.Results: A three-dimensional model provided the best fit for the SOAPP-R© item responses, with scales entitled drug-alcohol concerns, pain medication, and emotional stress; reliabilities were 0.77, 0.71, and 0.80 for those three scales. Significant correlations were found with the PSE-Q, the PHQ-9, and the SPQ for the drug-alcohol scale but not for the two remaining scales.Conclusions: The SOAPP-R© showed invariance and support for validity, but with a three-dimensional scale structure.

scholarly journals Associations of depression-anxiety and dyslipidaemia with subclinical carotid arterial disease: Findings from the Whitehall II Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 800-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A Ellins ◽  
Martin J Shipley ◽  
D Aled Rees ◽  
Andrew Kemp ◽  
John E Deanfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Health ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Media Thickness

Aims There is mixed evidence for an association between depression and/or anxiety and carotid intima-media thickness, and limited information on the related role of dyslipidaemia. Here we report associations between depression and/or anxiety and intima-media thickness in the Whitehall II cohort, considering the moderating effects of sex and dyslipidaemia. Methods A total of 2822 men and 1112 women (61 ± 6 years) were studied during phase 7 (2002–2004) of the Whitehall II study. Intima-media thickness and lipid levels were assessed, and questionnaires (general health questionnaire and the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies depression scale) were completed. Linear regression was used to explore relationships between depression and/or anxiety and intima-media thickness and the moderating effects of sex and dyslipidaemia. Results A total of 1461 participants were categorised with depression and/or anxiety. The association between depression and/or anxiety and intima-media thickness differed between men and women so analyses were undertaken separately by sex. In men, intima-media thickness was significantly associated with dyslipidaemia ( P = 0.002) but not depression and/or anxiety ( P = 0.29). In women, both dyslipidaemia and depression and/or anxiety were independently associated with intima-media thickness ( P = 0.028 and P = 0.031). The greatest intima-media thickness was in women with both depression and/or anxiety and dyslipidaemia. These results were replicated when the general health questionnaire score was substituted for depression and/or anxiety and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol for dyslipidaemia. Conclusions Depression and/or anxiety is associated with increased intima-media thickness in women but not in men. Dyslipidaemia is associated with intima-media thickness in both men and women. Women with both depression and/or anxiety and dyslipidaemia are potentially at the greatest risk of cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals Dehydroepiandrosterone Improves Psychological Well-Being in Male and Female Hypopituitary Patients on Maintenance Growth Hormone Replacement

2006 ◽  
Vol 91 (10) ◽  
pp. 3773-3779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia M. Brooke ◽  
Leonila A. Kalingag ◽  
Farideh Miraki-Moud ◽  
Cecilia Camacho-Hübner ◽  
Katharine T. Maher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Health ◽  
Gh Deficiency ◽  
Short Form ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Short Form 36 ◽  
Gh Replacement ◽  
Gh Deficiency In Adults

Abstract Context: Patients with panhypopituitarism have impaired quality of life (QoL) despite GH replacement. They are profoundly androgen deficient, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) has been shown to have a beneficial effect on well-being and mood in patients with adrenal failure and possibly in hypopituitarism. Objective: Our objective was to determine the effect of DHEA administration on mood in hypopituitary adults on established GH replacement with a constant serum IGF-I. Design: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted over an initial 6 months followed by an open phase of 6 months of DHEA. Setting: The study was conducted at a tertiary referral endocrinology unit. Patients: Thirty female and 21 male hypopituitary patients enrolled. Data from 26 females and 18 males were analyzed after patient withdrawal. Interventions: DHEA (50 mg) was added to maintenance replacement including GH. Main Outcome Measures: The primary outcome objective was the effect on QoL and libido assessed by QoL assessment in GH deficiency in adults, Short Form 36, General Health Questionnaire, EuroQol, and sexual self-efficacy scale. Results: Patients had impaired QoL at baseline compared with the age-matched British population. Females showed improvement in QoL assessment in GH deficiency in adults score (−2.9 ± 2.8 DHEA vs.−0.53 ± 3 placebo; P &lt; 0.05), in Short Form 36 social functioning (14.6 ± 23.1 DHEA vs.−4.7 ± 25 placebo; P = 0.047), and general health perception (9.6 ± 14.2 DHEA vs.−1.2 ± 11.6 placebo; P = 0.036) after 6 months of DHEA. Men showed improvement in self-esteem (−1.3 ± 1.7 DHEA vs. 0.5 ± 1.5 placebo; P = 0.03) and depression (−1.6 ± 2.2 DHEA vs. 1.2 ± 2.4 placebo, P = 0.02) domains of the General Health Questionnaire after 6 months of DHEA. Conclusions: DHEA replacement leads to modest improvement in psychological well-being in female and minor psychological improvement in male hypopituitary patients on GH replacement.

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