scholarly journals MicroRNAs as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Heart Failure

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-79
Author(s):  
István Adorján Szabó ◽  
Atilla Frigy
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Adaptive Processes ◽  
Altered Gene

AbstractHeart failure still represents a real challenge both in everyday practice and research, due to the complex issues related to its pathogenesis and management. Humoral biomarkers have emerged in the last decades as useful tools in the diagnosis, risk stratification and guiding the treatment of heart failure. These molecules are related to different pathological and adaptive processes, like myocardial injury, neurohormonal activation and cardiac remodeling, their most widespread representatives being the natriuretic peptides (e.g. NT-proBNP). The role of altered gene expression and transcription as the basis of myocardial structural and functional changes in heart failure is largely recognized. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs which have a major role in post-transcriptional gene expression by interfering with messenger RNA molecules. Our short review summarizes the molecular biology of miRNAs and their possible role as biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of heart failure. Furthermore, the therapeutical perspectives conferred by these molecules are also presented.

Light-Induced Gene Expression Using Messenger RNA Molecules

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigurd Bøe ◽  
Stein Sæbøe-Larssen ◽  
Eivind Hovig
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Rna Molecules

scholarly journals Roles of Elongator Dependent tRNA Modification Pathways in Neurodegeneration and Cancer

Genes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harmen Hawer ◽  
Alexander Hammermeister ◽  
Keerthiraju Ravichandran ◽  
Sebastian Glatt ◽  
Raffael Schaffrath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Mrna Translation ◽  
Regulatory Control ◽  
Trna Modification ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Trna Modifications

Transfer RNA (tRNA) is subject to a multitude of posttranscriptional modifications which can profoundly impact its functionality as the essential adaptor molecule in messenger RNA (mRNA) translation. Therefore, dynamic regulation of tRNA modification in response to environmental changes can tune the efficiency of gene expression in concert with the emerging epitranscriptomic mRNA regulators. Several of the tRNA modifications are required to prevent human diseases and are particularly important for proper development and generation of neurons. In addition to the positive role of different tRNA modifications in prevention of neurodegeneration, certain cancer types upregulate tRNA modification genes to sustain cancer cell gene expression and metastasis. Multiple associations of defects in genes encoding subunits of the tRNA modifier complex Elongator with human disease highlight the importance of proper anticodon wobble uridine modifications (xm5U34) for health. Elongator functionality requires communication with accessory proteins and dynamic phosphorylation, providing regulatory control of its function. Here, we summarized recent insights into molecular functions of the complex and the role of Elongator dependent tRNA modification in human disease.

Microarray Analysis of Altered Gene Expression and the Role of ATF3 in HK-2 Cells Treated with Hemin

Renal Failure ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 624-632
Author(s):  
Jingwen Wang ◽  
Dewen Wang ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Yabing Gao ◽  
Shaoxia Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Microarray Analysis ◽  
Altered Gene Expression ◽  
Altered Gene

scholarly journals Alterations in apoptotic signaling in human idiopathic cardiomyopathic hearts in failure

2003 ◽  
Vol 284 (1) ◽  
pp. H268-H276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Steenbergen ◽  
Cynthia A. Afshari ◽  
John G. Petranka ◽  
Jennifer Collins ◽  
Karla Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Human Heart ◽  
Compensatory Hypertrophy ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Inhibitory Protein ◽  
Human Heart Failure ◽  
Altered Gene Expression ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Altered Gene

Dilated cardiomyopathy, a disease of unknown etiology and pathogenesis, is associated with heart failure and compensatory hypertrophy. Although cell and animal models suggest a role for altered gene expression in the transition to heart failure, there is a paucity of data derived from the study of human heart tissue. In this study, we used DNA microarray profiling to investigate changes in the expression of genes involved in apoptosis that occur in human idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathic hearts that had progressed to heart failure. We observed altered gene expression consistent with a proapoptotic shift in the TNF-α signaling pathway. Specifically, we found decreased expression of TNF-α- and NF-κB-induced antiapoptotic genes such as growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible ( GADD) 45β, Flice inhibitory protein ( FLIP), and TNF-induced protein 3 ( A20). Consistent with a role for apoptosis in heart failure, we also observed a significant decrease in phosphorylation of BAD at Ser-112. This study identifies several pathways that are altered in human heart failure and provides new targets for therapy.

scholarly journals Metabolic syndrome and chronic heart failure: a modern aspect of the problem

2022 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-113
Author(s):  
Tatiana Fedorova ◽  
Natalya Semenenko ◽  
Serafima Tazina ◽  
Alexander Mamonov ◽  
Tatiana Sotnikova
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Modern Aspect ◽  
Functional Changes

Objective: The increase of morbidity results from both an increase of life expectancy of the population, and influence of various risk factors contributing to development and increase of chronic heart failure (CHF). The combination of several atherogenic mechanisms (abdominal obesity (AO), insulin resistance (IR), arterial hypertension (AH), hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia), combined as “metabolic syndrome” (MS), causes a more rapid development of CHF. Materials and methods: The research finding of 74 patients with class II-III of CHF, including 37 patients (50%) with MS, are presented. The age structure of the pathology, severity of clinical course, data of laboratory and instrumental examination in various groups of patients were evaluated. A special program included an echocardiographic test with an assessment of various myocardial parameters. Results and Discussion: Research materials find out a number of characteristics of CHF clinical course (its earlier development and severe course) in patients with MS. Echocardiographic tests reveal an increase of heart chambers sizes, thickness of left and right ventricle, pulmonary hypertension. Myocardium morpho-functional changes are more significant in patients with CHF and MS than in those without MS. An increase in leptin levels, a marker of obesity, fibrosis and inflammation, has been found. Leptin, C-reactive peptide (CRP) and high-sensitive troponin in patients with MS significantly exceeded those in patientswithout MS. Correlations of leptin levels, adiponectin, CRP and left ventricular mass, thickness of epicardial fat (TEF), ejection fraction were established. Conclusion: Materials of the research indicate the important role of inflammatory and dysmetabolic processes in development and progression of CHF in patients with MS. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 21(1) 2022 Page : 105-113

scholarly journals STEPS IN UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF INSTABILITY UPON URBAN TERITORRIAL SYSTEMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei SCHVAB ◽  
Igor SÎRODOEV ◽  
Mirela PARASCHIV ◽  
Natașa VĂIDIANU
Keyword(s):  
Measuring System ◽  
Linear Processes ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Baia Mare ◽  
Adaptive Processes ◽  
Functional Shift ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact

Instability is an omnipresent process that creates the conditions for adaptation and change. A territorial system cannot develop without instability. A high degree of system instability points out an acute structural and functional disorder. The present study proposes a method to measure system instability through economic structural and functional changes inside urban territorial systems. The analysis is done by quantifying the changes and transfers in internal economic hierarchies. System instability shows the role that the system plays in its environment and consequently the measures that can be taken to amplify or hinder (depending on the desired outcome) that role. The conceptual framework captures the adaptive processes associated with system instability and both structural and functional changes are evidenced. The non-linear processes were analysed for the urban territorial system of Baia Mare (Romania) underlining their role in the city’s adaptation to the changing of its environment. The proposed method starts from the assumption that internal systemic hierarchy is a very stable parameter of state. If the system is unstable, significant changes of the internal hierarchy will happen, and this will be reflected in a strong structural and functional shift. Measuring system instability helps better understanding the impact that change and adaptation have over the territorial system and its environment. Understanding these processes may offer policy makers the evidence they need to take actions in a conscious manner.

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