Application of Bio-Resorbable Membranes in Preventing Complications of Lower Jaw Surgery

Summary Background/Aim: Prevention of inflammation and alveolar bone atrophy is very important in oral surgery. The aim of this study was to compare the use of two osteoplastic bio-resorbable membranes in order to prevent inflammatory complications and atrophy of the alveolar part of the mandible after surgical interventions. Material and Methods: We examined 86 patients 45-70 years old who were classified into four groups. In group 1, there were 21 patients who had a “bio-resorbable membrane type 1 implanted. The group 2 consisted of 23 persons treated with bio-resorbable membrane type 2. Only the occurrence of inflammatory complications after the placement of these membranes was monitored. Group 3 included 20 persons treated with membrane type 1 and group 4 included 22 patients treated with membrane type 2 to prevent both inflammatory complications and atrophy of the alveolar part of the mandible. The level of atrophy of the alveolar bone after one year was determined by cone-beam computed tomography. The obtained data were statistically evaluated. Results: Six inflammatory complications (“dry socket”) have been identified in operated patients treated with a membrane type 1 (the first and the third groups). Only two “dry socket” occurred in patients treated with membrane type 2 (the second and fourth groups). Group 4 had significant advantages in the alveolar crest height 14.6 (11.2-22.3) and in its width 7.7 (5.1-10.2) both in relation to the indices of group 3 (11.1 (9.7-20.4) and 6.2 (4.2-9.0). Conclusions: The bio-resorbable membrane type 2 prevented inflammatory complications in the short postoperative period after surgical interventions, as well as, the atrophy of the mandible.

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Immunogenicity and Pathogenicity of Chimeric Infectious DNA Clones of Pathogenic Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) and Nonpathogenic PCV1 in Weanling Pigs

Journal of Virology ◽

10.1128/jvi.77.20.11232-11243.2003 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 77 (20) ◽

pp. 11232-11243 ◽

Cited By ~ 107

Author(s):

M. Fenaux ◽

T. Opriessnig ◽

P. G. Halbur ◽

X. J. Meng

Keyword(s):

Porcine Circovirus Type ◽

Porcine Circovirus Type 2 ◽

Capsid Gene ◽

Porcine Circovirus ◽

Control Group ◽

Group 4 ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Clone Group

ABSTRACT Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the primary causative agent of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), whereas the ubiquitous porcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1) is nonpathogenic for pigs. We report here the construction and characterization of two chimeric infectious DNA clones of PCV1 and PCV2. The chimeric PCV1-2 clone contains the PCV2 capsid gene cloned in the backbone of the nonpathogenic PCV1 genome. A reciprocal chimeric PCV2-1 DNA clone was also constructed by replacing the PCV2 capsid gene with that of PCV1 in the backbone of the PCV2 genome. The PCV1, PCV2, and chimeric PCV1-2 and PCV2-1 DNA clones were all shown to be infectious in PK-15 cells, and their growth characteristics in vitro were determined and compared. To evaluate the immunogenicity and pathogenicity of the chimeric infectious DNA clones, 40 specific-pathogen-free (SPF) pigs were randomly assigned into five groups of eight pigs each. Group 1 pigs received phosphate-buffered saline as the negative control. Group 2 pigs were each injected in the superficial inguinal lymph nodes with 200 μg of the PCV1 infectious DNA clone. Group 3 pigs were each similarly injected with 200 μg of the PCV2 infectious DNA clone, group 4 pigs were each injected with 200 μg of the chimeric PCV1-2 infectious DNA clone, and group 5 pigs were each injected with 200 μg of the reciprocal chimeric PCV2-1 infectious DNA clone. As expected, seroconversion to antibodies to the PCV2 capsid antigen was detected in group 3 and group 4 pigs. Group 2 and 5 pigs all seroconverted to PCV1 antibody. Gross and microscopic lesions in various tissues of animals inoculated with the PCV2 infectious DNA clone were significantly more severe than those found in pigs inoculated with PCV1, chimeric PCV1-2, and reciprocal chimeric PCV2-1 infectious DNA clones. These data indicated that the chimeric PCV1-2 virus with the immunogenic ORF2 capsid gene of pathogenic PCV2 cloned into the nonpathogenic PCV1 genomic backbone induces a specific antibody response to the pathogenic PCV2 capsid antigen but is attenuated in pigs. Future studies are warranted to evaluate the usefulness of the chimeric PCV1-2 infectious DNA clone as a genetically engineered live-attenuated vaccine against PCV2 infection and PMWS.

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TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2015.22.01.1424 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 22 (01) ◽

pp. 143-148

Author(s):

Rehan Khawaja ◽

Tahir Munir ◽

Uzma Hassan ◽

Syed Shoaib Shah

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Vitamin E ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Group 4 ◽

Anti Oxidant ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Dm Type 2

Objectives: To access the Antioxidant Status in Patient with Variation in Durationof Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Data source: 90 selected patients suffering from Type 2 DiabetesMellitus (DM) and 30 subjects as control group. Design of study: Case Control Study. Setting:Rawal Institute of Health Sciences, Islamabad. Period: July 2013 – March 2014. Materials& methods: Out of 120 selected subjects, 90 were of DM type 2and 30 were assigned ascontrol group (group 1). Based on duration, patients of DM type 2 were divided into; group2, 3 and 4; group 2 – patients with DM (type 2) duration less than 5 years, group 3 - with DMduration between 5-10 years and group 4 - with duration of DM more than 10 years. Smokers,renal failure, coronary artery disease, thyroid disease and previous antioxidant treatmentpatients were excluded from the study. Diabetes mellitus type 2 was diagnosed according tothe standards set by American Diabetes Association. The fasting plasma glucose levels weremeasured by glucose oxidase method; HbA1c by automated kit on Cobas Integra of Roche.The TAC was measured by calorimetric TAC Assay Kit (BioVision) while Vitamin C and E weremeasured by using ELISA Kit (HUMAN). Cut off values for HbA1c was taken as ≤6%; FBS≤110 mg/dl; TAC ≥1.16 mmol/L; Vitamin C ≥2 mg/dl; Vitamin E ≥ 9.5nmol/ml. Results: Asthe duration of type 2 diabetes increases, it was seen that vitamin C levels and TAC levels inall groups except between groups 1 & 2 decreased significantly; however, anti-oxidant vitaminE, was found to be significantly decreased in all the groups as the duration increases. Asignificantly increased level of HbA1c were noticed in groups 2, 3 and 4 as compared to group1 as the duration of diabetes increases; however, the levels were found to be non-significantwhen group 4 was compared with that of group 2 and group 3. When fasting blood sugarwas compared between the diabetic groups a significant increased levels were noticed in allthe groups with the exception between group 3 and 4. A significant differences between eachgroup and within the groups was observed when Hb1Ac, vitamin E, vitamin C, &TAC werecompared using ANOVA. A statistical significant correlation was observed when HbA1c wascorrelated with FBS; however, it shows an inverse relationship with TAC, vitamin C and vitaminE. A significant inverse correlation of FBS was noticed with TAC, vitamin C, and vitamin E. Asignificant positive correlation was seen when TAC was correlated with vitamin C and vitamin E.A similar trend of significant positive correlation was seen when vitamin C was correlated withvitamin E. Conclusions: The levels of total anti-oxidant capacity, vitamin C, and vitamin Egradually decrease with duration of diabetes and are associated with oxidative stress. Theseantioxidant vitamins (vitamin C and vitamin E) should be supplemented in diabetics to increasetheir quality of life. TAC status may be taken as early marker to detect complications in diabetictype 2 patients especially of longer duration.

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The correlation between type 2 diabetes and fat fraction in liver and pancreas: a study using MR Dixon technique

10.21203/rs.3.rs-764415/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yu Shun ◽

lv Jieqin ◽

Zhang zhongshuai ◽

Ma Mingping ◽

Su Jiawei

Keyword(s):

Fat Content ◽

Group 4 ◽

Fat Deposits ◽

Tissue Area ◽

Liver And Pancreas ◽

Fat Fraction ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Abstract Background The increased obesity results in ectopic fat deposits in liver and pancreas.Ectopic fat deposits affect insulin resistance and blood sugar content with Type 2 Diabetes.To assess the relationship between obesity and ectopic fat deposits and diabetes,this study used MR Dixon method for the quantification of liver and pancreas fat fraction (FF) in T2DM patients and healthy controls. Methods The FF of liver and pancreas, the maximum diameters of the pancreas, SAT, VAT and TAT were measured for 167 subjects using the MR Dixon data.Four groups were established on the basis of BMI value.For statistics, intra-and inter-group comparison was done by employing Independent Sample t Test. Results ① The average fat content in liver and pancreas, the fat content in pancreas body and tail, and VAT in Group 1 were higher than those in Group 3 (P༜0.05). ② The average fat content in liver and pancreas, the adipose fraction of the pancreas head, and VAT in the Group 2 were higher than those in Group 4 (P༜0.05). ③ The average fat content of liver and pancreas, the adipose content of the body and the tail of the pancreas, the abdominal subcutaneous adipose area (SAT), the visceral adipose tissue area (VAT), and the total abdominal adipose tissue area (TAT) in Group 2 were higher than those in the Group 1 (P༜0.05). ④ The FF of pancreas tail, SAT and TAT in Group 4 were higher than those in Group 3 (P༜0.05). Conclusion The tissue FF,which has a close relationship with T2DM,can be assessed by MR Dixon technique.The results showed that all T2DM patients should pay attention to tissue fat content regardless of BMI values.

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A detailed analysis of patients included in the Summary Hospital-level Mortality Indicator (SHMI) for myocardial infarction (MI)—all is not what it seems?

BMJ Open Quality ◽

10.1136/bmjoq-2019-000836 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. e000836

Author(s):

Vinoda Sharma ◽

Saqib Chowdhary ◽

Fairoz Abdul ◽

Vladimír Džavík ◽

Chetan Varma

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Mortality Risk ◽

Conservative Management ◽

Hospital Level ◽

Expected Number ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

BackgroundThe Summary Hospital-level Mortality Indicator (SHMI) for Myocardial Infarction (MI) is the ratio of the observed to the expected number of deaths due to MI. We aimed to assess (1) the accuracy of MI as a diagnosis in the SHMI for MI and (2) the healthcare received by patients with type 1 MI included in the SHMI for MI.MethodsRetrospective review of patients included in SHMI for MI from April 2017 to March 2018. The diagnosis of MI was divided into type 1, type 2 and non-MI. For patients with type 1 MI who underwent intervention, we applied the prognostic Toronto Risk Score (TRS) and classified into group 0: score <13 (mortality risk 0%–4%, lowest risk), group 1: score 13–16 (mortality risk 6%–19.6%), group 2: score 17–19 (mortality risk 27.4%–47.6%) and group 3: score ≥20 (mortality risk 58%–92%). For patients with type 1 MI who underwent conservative management, we reviewed appropriateness of conservative management.ResultsSHMI for MI was 96 (41/42.83) falling to 65.4 with the inclusion of only type 1 MI (28 patients, 28/42.83). About 41.5% (n=17) underwent intervention of whom three were in the lowest risk TRS (group 0) and all received appropriate healthcare. Conservative management was appropriate for the 26.8% (n=11) treated medically, the most common reason was severe cognitive dysfunction.ConclusionsWe have demonstrated that SHMI for MI can be inaccurate due to the inclusion of type 2 MI or non-MI. Grouping patients into intervention versus conservative management helps in assessment of healthcare.

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Superoxide via Sp3 mechanism increases renal renin activity, renal AT1 receptor function, and blood pressure in rats

AJP Renal Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajprenal.00194.2018 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 315 (5) ◽

pp. F1478-F1483 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mohammad Saleem ◽

Xitao Wang ◽

Indira Pokkunuri ◽

Mohammad Asghar

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Saline Group ◽

Renin Activity ◽

Lysine Acetylation ◽

Group 4 ◽

Biochemical Studies ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

We tested a hypothesis that superoxide, by inducing Sp3, increases renal renin activity, renal angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) function, and blood pressure (BP) in rats. Group 1 rats were treated with vehicle, saline. Group 2 rats were treated with superoxide dismutase (SOD) inhibitor diethylthiocarbamate (DETC). Group 3 rats were treated with DETC and an SOD mimetic, tempol. Group 4 rats were treated with tempol only. All four groups of rats were treated for 2 wk then anesthetized, and BP was recorded. Thereafter, diuresis and natriuresis in response to AT1R blocker candesartan were determined. When compared with vehicle rats, BP increased in DETC rats. The increased BP in DETC rats decreased with tempol. Diuresis and natriuresis in response to candesartan increased in controls, and this further increased in DETC rats and decreased with tempol. A second set of four groups of rats underwent the same treatment as above and were anesthetized, and their kidneys were obtained for biochemical studies. The levels of superoxide but not hydrogen peroxide increased, whereas SOD activities decreased further in the renal cortical tissues of DETC rats than vehicle rats. These effects were attenuated with tempol in DETC rats. Moreover, tissue renin activity and abundance of membranous AT1R proteins increased more in DETC rats than vehicle rats, and decreased with tempol in DETC rats. Furthermore, the levels of lysine-acetylated, but not serine-phosphorylated, Sp3 increased more in the nuclei of DETC rats than vehicle rats. The increased levels of Sp3 lysine acetylation decreased in DETC rats with tempol. Taken together, our results suggest that superoxide activates renal Sp3 via lysine acetylation increasing renin activity, AT1R function, and BP in rats.

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Refractive Error in Patients with Retinopathy of Prematurity after Laser Photocoagulation or Bevacizumab Monotherapy

Ophthalmologica ◽

10.1159/000439182 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 234 (4) ◽

pp. 211-217 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Hsi-Kung Kuo ◽

I-Ting Sun ◽

Mei-Yung Chung ◽

Yi-Hao Chen

Keyword(s):

Refractive Error ◽

Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽

Laser Photocoagulation ◽

Group 4 ◽

Group 3 ◽

The Mean ◽

Group 2 ◽

Type 1 Rop ◽

Group 1

Purpose: To evaluate the refractive development of premature infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) after treatment with laser photocoagulation or intravitreal injection of bevacizumab (IVB). Methods: The medical records of patients with ROP treated between 2003 and 2012 who underwent yearly follow-ups were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with residual ROP abnormalities were excluded. The cycloplegic refraction at 3 years of age, assessed using an autorefractometer, was recorded. Results: In total, 54 eyes from 54 patients were enrolled. Patients were divided into 4 groups: group 1, including 14 eyes of 14 patients treated with laser therapy; group 2, 15 eyes of 15 patients treated with IVB; group 3, 13 eyes of 13 patients with non-type 1 ROP under conservative follow-up, and group 4, 12 eyes of 12 premature patients without ROP. The mean spherical equivalent at 3 years of age was -1.71 ± 1.27 dpt in group 1, -1.53 ± 2.20 dpt in group 2, 0.63 ± 1.37 dpt in group 3, and 0.41 ± 1.95 dpt in group 4. The mean refractive error differed significantly among the 4 groups (p < 0.001). Patients in groups 1 and 2 were more prone to myopia compared with those in groups 3 and 4. Furthermore, patients with type 1 ROP treated by laser photocoagulation (group 1) and those treated by IVB (group 2) had similar refraction (p = 1). Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that treatment-demanding ROP eyes are susceptible to more severe myopia with age compared with eyes without ROP or those with spontaneously regressed ROP. In addition, the myopic status between laser and IVB treatment did not differ statistically.

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The Risk of Bladder Cancer in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Combination Therapy of SGLT-2 Inhibitors and Pioglitazone

Journal of Personalized Medicine ◽

10.3390/jpm11090828 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 828

Author(s):

Yan-Rong Li ◽

Chi-Hung Liu ◽

Wei-Chiao Sun ◽

Pei-Yi Fan ◽

Feng-Hsuan Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bladder Cancer ◽

Combination Therapy ◽

Reference Group ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Group 4 ◽

All Cause Mortality ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Background: Either sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors or pioglitazone (Pio) has doubtful issues of bladder cancer, especially for the combination therapy with these two drugs. Our study aimed to investigate the risk of bladder cancer under combination therapy of SGLT-2 inhibitors and Pio. Materials and Methods: We included 97,024 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the Chang Gung Research Database in Taiwan from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2019. The primary outcome was newly diagnosed bladder cancer after combination therapy with SGLT-2 inhibitors and Pio. Group 1 received both study drugs, group 2 received SGLT-2 inhibitors, group 3 received Pio, and group 4 received non-study drugs (the reference group). The secondary outcome in each group was all-cause mortality. Results: In group 1, no newly diagnosed bladder cancer was detected after a mean 2.8-year follow-up and all-cause mortality decreased significantly (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR), 0.70; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.54–0.92) in comparison to the reference group (group 4). In group 2 and group 3, no trend of increased bladder cancer was observed (group 2: AHR 0.49, 95% CI 0.05–4.94; group 3: AHR 0.48, 95% CI 0.15–1.58) and it still reduced all-cause mortality (group 2: AHR 0.83, 95% CI 0.70–0.99; group 3: AHR 0.90, 95% CI 0.83–0.99). Conclusions: In T2DM patients without previous or active bladder cancer, the combination therapy of SGLT-2 inhibitors and Pio was not associated with newly diagnosed bladder cancer and had lower all-cause mortality.

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Study of TNF-α, IL-1βand LPS Levels in the Gingival Crevicular Fluid of a Rat Model of Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontitis

Disease Markers ◽

10.1155/2013/156798 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 34 (5) ◽

pp. 295-304 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Zhu-Ling Jiang ◽

Yu-Qiong Cui ◽

Rui Gao ◽

Ying Li ◽

Zhao-Chen Fu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Bone Loss ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽

Alveolar Bone Loss ◽

Group 4 ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Crevicular Fluid ◽

Group 1

OBJECTIVE: In this study, we sought to investigate the dynamic changes in the levels of TNF-α, IL-1βand LPS in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in a rat model of diabetes mellitus (DM) and periodontitis (PD). Additionally, we evaluated alveolar bone loss and the histopathological response associated with experimental diabetes mellitus and experimental periodontitis.METHODS: DM and PD were induced together in 15 rats (group 1) by streptozotocin injection and ligature induction. Periodontitis alone was produced by ligature induction in 15 rats (group 2), diabetes alone was produced by streptozotocin injection in 15 rats (group 3), and fifteen systemically and periodontally healthy rats were used as controls (group 4). The gingival TNF-α, IL-1βand LPS levels were measured by using ELISA method. Periodontal destruction was assessed by measuring the alveolar bone loss. Periodontal inflammation was quantified by histopathological grading in H&E stained samples.RESULTS: Higher levels of TNF-α, IL1-β and LPS, increased alveolar bone loss and more serve histopathology were found in group 1 compared with group 2, group 3 and group 4 (p< 0.05). The quantities of TNF-α, IL1-βand LPS, the amount of alveolar bone loss and the severity of the histopathological finding were greater in group 2 than group 3 and group 4 (p< 0.05). Group 3 demonstrated higher levels of TNF-α, IL1-βand LPS, increased alveolar bone loss and more serve histopathology than group 4 (p< 0.05). Statistically significant differences were noted between all of the groups.CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that DM may lead to enhanced TNF-α, IL1-βand LPS production in the periodontal tissues. The resorption values of alveolar bone and the histological inflammation were more severe in rats with periodontitis and diabetes mellitus than in those with periodontitis alone, diabetes mellitus alone and control rats. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that hyperglycemia contributes to the heightened inflammatory response associated with periodontitis.

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Effect of Metformin on Development of Tendinopathy Due to Mechanical Overloading in an Animal Model

Foot & Ankle International ◽

10.1177/1071100720966318 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (12) ◽

pp. 1455-1465

Author(s):

Jianying Zhang ◽

Feng Li ◽

Daibang Nie ◽

Kentaro Onishi ◽

MaCalus V. Hogan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Morphological Changes ◽

Therapeutic Option ◽

High Mobility ◽

Treadmill Running ◽

Daily Injection ◽

Group 4 ◽

Risk Patients ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2

Background: Tendinopathy is a debilitating tendon disorder that affects millions of Americans and costs billions of health care dollars every year. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a known tissue damage signaling molecule, has been identified as a mediator in the development of tendinopathy due to mechanical overloading of tendons in mice. Metformin (Met), a drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, specifically inhibits HMGB1. This study tested the hypothesis that Met would prevent mechanical overloading-induced tendinopathy in a mouse model of tendinopathy created by intensive treadmill running (ITR). Methods: C57BL/6J mice (female, 3 months old) were equally separated into 4 groups and treated for 24 weeks as follows: group 1 had cage control activities, group 2 received a single intraperitoneal injection of Met (50 mg/kg body weight) daily, group 3 underwent ITR to induce tendinopathy, and group 4 received daily Met injection along with ITR to inhibit HMGB1. Tendinopathic changes were assessed in Achilles tendons of all mice using histology, immunohistochemistry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results: ITR induced HMGB1 release into the tendon matrix and developed characteristics of tendinopathy as evidenced by the expression of macrophage marker CD68, proinflammatory molecules (COX-2, PGE2), cell morphological changes from normal elongated cells to round cells, high levels of expression of chondrogenic markers (SOX-9, collagen type II), and accumulation of proteoglycans in tendinopathic tendons. Daily injection of Met inhibited HMGB1 release and decreased these degenerative changes in ITR tendons. Conclusions: Inhibition of HMGB1 by injections of Met prevented tendinopathy development due to mechanical overloading in the Achilles tendon in mice. Clinical Relevance: Met may be able to be repurposed as a therapeutic option for preventing the development of tendinopathy in high-risk patients.

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Effect of visceral obesity on main artery elasticity and vascular age in patients with hypertension, obesity, and type 2 diabetes

Russian Journal of Cardiology ◽

10.15829/1560-4071-2021-4466 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 4466

Author(s):

M. E. Statsenko ◽

M. V. Derevyanchenko

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Cardiovascular Events ◽

Visceral Obesity ◽

Main Artery ◽

Group 4 ◽

Vascular Age ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Aim. To assess the effect of visceral obesity on main artery elasticity and vascular age in patients with hypertension (HTN), obesity, and type 2 diabetes (T2D).Material and methods. A total of 320 patients with stage II-III HTN aged 4570 years were divided into 4 groups: isolated HTN (group 1), HTN and obesity (group 2), HTN, obesity and T2D (group 3), HTN and T2D without obesity (group 4). We assessed the clinical status, parameters of visceral obesity, main artery elasticity, and vascular age. We used nonparametric statistics, Spearman correlation analysis.Results. At least 50% of all patients had visceral obesity, despite no BMI-estimated obesity in groups 1 and 4: 57,5 vs 100,0 vs 100,0 vs 50,0% in groups 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively (p<0,0001).In the groups where hypertension was combined with obesity and T2D, the proportion of patients with leptin content above 32,7 ng/ml significantly increased to 80% (in total for groups 2 and 3) compared with 25,0% among HTN people without obesity (in total for groups 1 and 4). There was a significant increase in proportion of patients with a adiponectin decrease <14,6 ng/ml among patients with a combination of HTN and T2D ± obesity (45% in total for groups 3 and 4) in comparison with those with HTN and without T2D ± obesity (22,5% in total for groups 1 and 2).The visceral adiposity index (VAI) was significantly higher among patients with HTN, obesity and T2D compared with those with isolated HTN and HTN in combination with T2D only (2,96 [2,36; 3,98] vs 1,87 [1,40; 2,67] vs 2,22 [1,61; 3,26], respectively). A higher proportion of subjects with adipose tissue dysfunction was noted in groups 2 and 3 compared to groups 1 and 4 (75 vs 81,1 vs 41,5 vs 53,4%, respectively, p1-2<0,001, p1-3<0,001, p2-4=0,023, p3-4=0,002).The proportion of patients with a pulse wave velocity >10 m/s was consistently more common among patients of group 3 compared with patients in groups 1 and 2 (77,0 vs 57,9 and 55,3%, respectively, p1-3=0,004, p2-3=0,006).Vascular age was significantly lower in group 1 compared with groups 3 and 4 (64,0 [57,8; 71,0] vs 69,0 [62,0; 73,0] and 69,5 [66,0; 74,3] years, respectively), as well as in group 2 compared with group 4 (64,0 [56,5; 70,5] vs 69,5 [66,0; 74,3] years). The 5-year risk of cardiovascular events was significantly higher among patients with hypertension, obesity and T2D and those with HTN and T2D without obesity, compared with patients with isolated HTN, and with those with HTN and obesity (5,9 [3,9; 7,9] and 6,5 [4,7; 8,7] vs 4,4 [2,7; 6,8] and 3,6 [2,4; 5,8], respectively). Correlation analysis revealed the relationship between the visceral obesity parameters, main artery elasticity, vascular age and the 5-year risk of cardiovascular events, demonstrating the special aspects of HTN course in each of the studied groups.Conclusion. The paper showed peculiarities of the effect of visceral obesity on main artery elasticity and vascular age in patients with HTN in combination with obesity and T2D.

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