scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Concrete with Recycled Plastic Waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashtar S. Al-Luhybi ◽  
Diyar N. Qader
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Recycled Pet ◽  
Pet Waste ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Solid Objects ◽  
Splitting Tensile Test

Abstract Plastics are a vast group of synthetic or semi-synthetic materials that are often made of polymers. Because of their plasticity, plastics can be molded, extruded, and pressed into solid objects of different sizes. Its extensive use is due to its flexibility, as well as a number of other properties such as light weight, durability, and low manufacturing costs. The high use of plastics has resulted in an increase in solid waste, with domestic waste accounting for a significant portion of it. Since this waste is not biodegradable and takes up a lot of space, it is considered a serious environmental problem. To overcome these adverse effects, recycling plastic waste and using it in concrete can be an effective way to protect the environment. In this study, an attempt was made to experimentally evaluate the mechanical properties of concrete with recycled PET plastic wastes. The effect of this type of plastic waste was investigated by adding it in three different lengths: 22 mm, 45 mm, and a combination of both lengths 22 + 45 mm. For each length of fiber, it was added in three percentages to concrete 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 % of cement weight. Several experiments were carried out on concrete mixtures such as slump test, compressive test, splitting tensile test, flexural test, and ultrasound pulse velocity test. The findings showed that PET waste in the form of fibers could be incorporated into concrete and achieve adequate compressive strength. When the ultrasound test results were compared to the results of previous tests, it was discovered that normal concrete containing plastic waste in the form of fibers performed exceptionally well.

scholarly journals Characterization of lightweight concrete made of palm oil clinker aggregates

2018 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 03002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sazlly Nazreen ◽  
Roslli Noor Mohamed ◽  
Mariyana Aida Ab Kadir ◽  
Nazry Azillah ◽  
Nazirah Ahmad Shukri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Lightweight Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Aggregate Concrete

Lightweight concrete (LWC) has been identified as an innovative technique for construction purposes. Lightweight concrete can be categorized into three different types which are no-fine aggregate concrete, lightweight aggregate concrete and aerated concrete. This paper studied the characteristic of the lightweight concrete in term of mechanical properties utilizing the palm oil clinker (POC) as lightweight aggregates. Two mixes of lightweight concrete were developed, namely as POCC100 and POCC50 where each mix utilized 100% and 50% of total replacement to fine and coarse aggregates, respectively. The fresh and hardened POC concrete was tested and compared to the normal concrete (NC). The hardened state of the concrete was investigated through density test, ultrasonic pulse velocity, cube compressive, splitting tensile, flexural, modulus of elasticity and Poisson's ratio. From density test results, POC falls into the category of lightweight concrete with a density of 1990.33 kg/m3, which are below than normal weight concrete density. The mechanical properties test results on POCC100 and POCC50 showed that the concrete compressive strength was comparable about 85.70% and 96% compared to NC specimen, respectively. For the flexural strength, POCC50 and POCC100 were comparable about 98% and 97% to NC specimen, respectively. While splitting tensile strength of POCC50 and POCC100 was only 0.6% and 4% lower than NC specimen, respectively. In terms of sustainability of solid waste management, the application of the POC in construction will reduce the redundant of by-products resulted from the palm oil industries. After undergoing various testing of concrete mechanical properties, it can be concluded that POC aggregates was compatible to be used in ligtweight concrete mix proportion.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Steel Fibers and Nanosilica Modified Crumb Rubber Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yihong Wang ◽  
Jiawei Chen ◽  
Danying Gao ◽  
E. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Steel Fiber ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Steel Fibers ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Crumb Rubber Concrete ◽  
Rubber Concrete

Crumb rubber concrete (CRC) is an environment-friendly material using crumb rubber as a composition of cement concrete. It provides an alternative method for recycling of waste tires scientifically. CRC exhibits numerous advantages compared to ordinary concrete. However, the application of CRC is limited due to its low compressive and tensile strengths. This paper puts forward a new modified method by adding steel fibers and nanosilica in CRC. Material properties’ testing of eighteen concrete mixtures was investigated, considering different strength grades of CRC and crumb rubber contents. In addition, four different steel fiber contents (0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%) and three different nanosilica content (0%, 1%, and 2%) were taken into consideration. The brittle failure of the CRC can be improved and the mechanical properties can be enhanced according to the test results. More importantly, the modified CRC with 1.0% steel fiber content has relatively high compressive and splitting tensile strengths. Furthermore, the noncompactness of CRC can be effectively improved by nanosilica, enhancing the efficiency of steel fibers simultaneously. Finally, the failure mechanism of the modified CRC is discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENURUNAN KUALITAS MUTU KAYU PADA BANGUNAN CAGAR BUDAYA DENGAN METODE NON DESTRUCTIVE TEST (Studi Kasus Bangunan Cagar Budaya Masjid Gedhe Mataram Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta)

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-199
Author(s):  
Darmono Darmono ◽  
Maris Setyo Nugroho ◽  
Slamet Widodo ◽  
Faqih Ma’arif
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Destructive Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Non Destructive

ABSTRAKPenelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui mechanical properties material kayu Bangunan Cagar Budaya dengan non-destructive test. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengujian lansung dilapang menggunakan Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV). Terdapat dua variable yang digunakan yaitu kolom cacat dan kolom utuh untuk mengetahui perbedaan nilai cepat rambat gelombang. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak enam buah dengan pengambilan data masing-masing sampel sebanyak lima kali. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa nilai kadar air dan berat jenis kayu sebesar 15,03% dan 0,62. Sedangkan hasil pengujian UPV pada kolom cacat dan utuh diperoleh cepat rambat gelombang sebesar 0,71 km/s dan 1,21 km/s. Berdasarkan hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa nilai MOEd pada kolom utuh sebesar 9.374,37 MPa, sedangkan MOEd pada kolom cacat sebesar 3.240,62 MPa. Kata kunci: mechanical properties kayu, bangunan cagar budaya, ultrasonic pulse velocity ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the mechanical properties of the wood material for the Cultural Heritage Building with a non-destructive test. This study used a direct field testing method using Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV). There are two variables used, namely the defective column and the solid column to determine the difference in the value of the fast propagation of the waves. The number of samples used was six with data collection for each sample five times. The test results showed that the moisture content and density of wood were 15.03% and 0.62. While the UPV test results on defective and solid columns obtained wave propagation velocity of 0.71 km / s and 1.21 km / s. Based on the analysis result, it shows that the MOEd value in the whole column is 9,374.37 MPa, while the MOEd in the defective column is 3,240.62 MPa. Keywords: mechanical properties of wood, cultural heritage buildings, ultrasonic pulse velocity

scholarly journals Polymer tiles from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) wastes and fly ash: mechanical properties and durability

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 1139
Author(s):  
Taiwo O. Omosebi ◽  
Noor Faisal Abass
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Absorption Efficiency ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Pet Waste ◽  
Environmental Emissions

Background: Plastic waste (PW) is becoming increasingly hazardous to the environment as a result of its massive production, causing significant damage to both the ecosystem and its inhabitants. Managing plastic waste is a global concern due to its non-biodegradable nature. However, it is important to handle PWs properly to curtail the environmental emissions associated with their incineration and dumping into landfills. This research investigates the possibility of producing tiles from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste bottles and fly ash. The mechanical properties, as well as the chemical resistance of the manufactured PET polymer tiles, are reported in this study. Methods: PET waste was used in varying proportions (from 30% to 100%) by sand weight. The shredded PET waste was heated at 230 oC before being suitably blended with fly ash. It was then poured into the designated mold, removed after one hour, and cooled for 24 hours before testing. Results: The assessment of the physical and mechanical properties of the materials revealed that the tiles produced with 30% PET content performed better in terms of material density and strength compared to the samples with higher PET content. The highest compressive strength being 6.88 MPa. Based on the results of the tests, the produced PET tiles have a low water absorption efficiency of 80% lower when compare to cement and ceramic tiles (the water absorption values are between 0.98% and 0.09%). Conclusions: The results from this study indicate that PET waste bottles can be used to produce long-lasting, durable, and extremely low water absorption eco-friendly tiles for both residential and commercial applications. This prospect of tile production using polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste and fly ash would not only minimize the cost of building products but will also act as a waste diversion to mitigate environmental emissions caused by plastic waste disposal.

scholarly journals Effect of Nylon Fiber Addition on the Performance of Recycled Aggregate Concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seungtae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Recycled Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Recycled Aggregate ◽  
Recycled Aggregates ◽  
Crushed Stone ◽  
Total Charge ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Nylon Fiber

The adhered mortars in recycled aggregates (RA) may lower the performance of the concrete, by for instance reducing its strength and durability, and by cracking. In the present study, the effect of nylon fiber (NF) on the permeability as well as on the mechanical properties of concrete incorporating 100% RA was experimentally investigated. Concrete was produced by adding 0, 0.6 and 1.2 kg/m3 of NF and then cured in water for a predetermined period. Measurements of compressive and split tensile strengths, ultrasonic pulse velocity and total charge passed through concrete were carried out, and the corresponding test results were compared to those of concrete incorporating crushed stone aggregate (CA). In addition, the microstructures of 28-day concretes were examined by using the FE-SEM technique. The test results indicated that recycled coarse aggregate concrete (RAC) showed a lower performance than crushed stone aggregate concrete (CAC) because of the adhered mortars in RA. However, it was obvious that the addition of NF in RAC mixes was much more effective in enhancing the performance of the concretes due to the crack bridging effect from NF. In particular, a high content of NF (1.2 kg/m3) led to a beneficial effect on concrete properties compared to a low content of NF (0.6 kg/m3) with respect to mechanical properties and permeability, especially for RAC mixes.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation on Mechanical and Durability Properties of Concrete with Plastic Waste

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.35) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
V. N V Visweswara Sastry Dhara ◽  
Sunil Kumar. K ◽  
Dr. Vimala. A
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Test ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Replacement Level ◽  
Durability Properties ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Optimum Content

Industrial activities in India are associated with significant amounts of non – biodegradable solid waste and plastic waste. Plastic waste being prominent which is rarely recycled with as much as 40% left in landfill. Plastic waste is causing environmental pollution which is a major problem in the present era as the usage of plastic is growing day by day and it takes hundreds of years for plastic material to degrade. The plastic if burnt releases many toxic gases, which are very dangerous for health. So, there is an urgent need to recycle plastic waste so as to reduce the environmental impact. One possible way to minimize the plastic waste is to use plastic waste in concrete industry. Environmental concerns arising from the over dredging of sand have led to restriction on its extraction across India, a suitable environmental friendly alternative to sand must be found to match the huge demand in the concrete construction industry. To tackle both the issues plastic waste can be used in the concrete as the replacement of fine aggregate in known proportions. In this research work the fine aggregate has been replaced by two types of plastic waste, one is Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) and second one is Polypropylene (PP) in varying proportions to find out the optimum content of plastic waste. The optimum content of plastic waste was determined by conducting tests on mechanical and durability properties. The mechanical test results shown that LDPE and PP plastic waste can be used in concrete mixtures up to 5% replacement level with fine aggregate. For this replacement level the durability property – Sulphate attack resistance was determined, results demonstrate the mass loss of specimens and compressive strength.  

scholarly journals Ultrasonic Quality Assessment of Polymer-Cement Concrete with Pet Waste as the Aggregate

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Sokołowska ◽  
K. Zalegowski
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Material Science ◽  
Ultrasonic Method ◽  
Ultrasonic Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
Structure Quality ◽  
Pet Waste ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Nondestructive Ultrasonic Method

AbstractElaborating composites containing waste materials requires study of basic mechanical properties and assessment of their structure quality. The subject of investigation was PPC concrete where aggregate was substituted with PET remaining after beverages bottles grinding. Substitution was done up to 25% (by volume). Waste material was fractioned and applied in various granulations. The main goal was to indicate the influence of such modification on the composite mechanical properties and to examine composite structure quality at macro level. Since PET and quartz differ greatly in density, to perform such examination it was possible to apply the nondestructive ultrasonic method, one of the most common NDT techniques used in material science and industry. The paper presents the effects of substitution of quartz with PET on ultrasonic wave propagation in PCC. The ultrasonic test results (measurements of wave velocity) compared with results of destructive tests (flexural and compressive strength) showed great correlation.

scholarly journals Study some mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete with nano silica under severe saline environment conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 02015
Author(s):  
Ghalib Habeeb ◽  
Zahraa Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Nano Silica ◽  
Self Compacting Concrete ◽  
Static Modulus ◽  
Static Modulus Of Elasticity

The main aim of this research is to evaluate the performance of Nano silica self-compacting concrete which is subjected to severe saline conditions that contain sulfates and chlorides at concentrations similar to those existing in the soils and ground water of the middle and southern parts of Iraq. For this purpose, ordinary and sulfate resistant Portland cement without and with 3% Nano silica addition by weight of cementitious materials were used. Splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, static modulus of elasticity and ultrasonic pulse velocity were investigated for all exposure conditions and all types of mixes of self-compacting concrete at ages of 28, 60, 90, 120 and 180 days. Test results revealed that the inclusion of Nano Silica in concrete mixes improved clearly the mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete compared with reference concrete.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties and Durability of PET waste Aggregates in Roof Tiles Production.

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 300-304
Author(s):  
Omosebi Taiwo O ◽  
Noor Faisal Abas
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Test Results ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Pet Waste ◽  
Global Challenge

Managing plastic waste is a global challenge that challenges the protection of our ecosystem due to its high rate of generation and its non-biodegradability. PWs must, however, be carefully handled to mitigate the emissions involved with their incineration and dumping into landfills. Plastic waste can be recycled into new usable building materials. In this analysis, shredded PET waste aggregate from a recycling center was heated at 230 0C and used as a binding aggregate incomplete replacement of cement with river sand to produce floor tiles. The properties of the aggregate materials and roof tiles (including their distribution of particle size, silt, clay and dust content, relative density, water absorption, porosity, flexural and compressive strength) were tested on different PET waste: sand mixing ratio, 100%, 90%, 70%, 50%, and 30%. Results revealed that the tiles produced by 30% PET and 70% river sand (3:7) achieved higher density, flexural and compressive strength than the other percentages of the mixture. The compressive strength of the tiles produced with 30 percent PET waste composition was greater than that of cement concrete (at 28 days of curing) for residential buildings. As a result of this low water absorption and eco-friendliness, PET waste can be used for roof tiles at 30 percent PET substitution based on the test results.

scholarly journals POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE (PET) BOTTLE WASTES POLYMER TILES: WEAR-ABRASION RESISTANCE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
OMOSEBI O ◽  
NOOR ABAS ◽  
SULAIMON YAHAYA
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Flame Resistance ◽  
Pet Waste ◽  
High Production Rate ◽  
Floor Tiles

Managing plastic waste is a global challenge that challenges our ecosystem’s health due to its high production rate and non-biodegradability. However, it is necessary to ensure that PWs are properly managed to reduce the environmental pollution associated with their incineration and dumping in landfills. This study explores the possibility of utilizing polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste bottles and river sand to produce floor tiles. The flammability, abrasion resistance, mechanical strength, and strong acid/base resistance of the produced PET-based floor tiles were investigated as well as the micro-structural interface of the PET plastic waste and sand. The PET waste was used at different proportions (100 %, 90 %, 70 %, 50 %, and 30 %) by sand weight. The assessment of the materials’ physical and mechanical properties has shown that, in terms of material density, strength, abrasion, and flame resistance, the floor tiles produced with 30% PET content performed better than those produced with the other PET contents. It showed the highest compressive strength value (19.72 N/mm2). The observed compressive strength values in this study were significantly higher than the recommended 28-day residential concrete value of 17 N/mm2; p<0.05. From the obtained results, the PET floor tiles showed poor water absorption performance compared to pure cement and ceramic floor tiles (The lowest water absorption value of 0.12 % was found in tiles made of 100 % PET waste). Microscopic analysis of the interface region (plastic-binder) showed adhesion between the plastic and sand components of the PET-based floor tiles, as well as voids in direct proportion to the PET content. The PET floor tiles also showed good resistance to acid and base solutions of different strengths. In conclusion, PET waste bottles can be used as cement replacement to produce durable and abrasive resistant floor tiles for both residential and commercial uses.

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