scholarly journals Post-Activation Potentiation on Squat Jump Following Two Different Protocols: Traditional vs. Inertial Flywheel

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Timon ◽  
Silvia Allemano ◽  
Marta Camacho-Cardeñosa ◽  
Alba Camacho-Cardeñosa ◽  
Ismael Martinez-Guardado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Rest Interval ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Squat Jump ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Squat Exercise ◽  
Eccentric Actions ◽  
Effect Time

Abstract Post‐activation potentiation (PAP) has been defined as a major enhancement of muscular performance following a preload stimulus. The eccentric actions seem to cause a potentiating effect on subsequent explosive exercises. The aim of this study was to determine whether a protocol of squat exercise using an inertial flywheel could have a potentiating effect on jump performance. Sixteen physically active volunteers participated in the study (age: 21.8 ± 2.7 years; body mass index: 23.6 ± 3). All participants completed two different protocols on separate days: a Traditional Protocol (using a half squat with a guided barbell) and an Inertial Flywheel Protocol (using a half squat with an inertial flywheel). Both protocols were similar and consisted of 3 x 6 reps at the load that maximized power, with a 3‐minute rest interval between sets. The squat jump (SJ) was measured by a contact platform at baseline, and four, eight and twelve minutes after the PAP stimulus. A two‐way ANOVA with repeated measures was performed to analyze significant differences over time. There were significant increases of SJ height (p = 0.004, d = 0.665), velocity (p = 0.003, d = 0.688) and power (p = 0.004, d = 0.682) from baseline after the inertial flywheel protocol. A significant interaction effect (time x protocol) was observed, showing that the inertial flywheel protocol had a potentiating effect on the jump performance compared to the traditional protocol, more specifically at 4 and 8 minutes after the PAP stimulus. In conclusion, the inertial flywheel protocol showed a potentiating effect on the squat jump performance, thus this pre‐ conditioning activity could be useful during the warm‐up before the competition.

scholarly journals Effects of a Low-Load Gluteal Warm-Up on Explosive Jump Performance

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Comyns ◽  
Ian Kenny ◽  
Gerard Scales
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Peak Power Output ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Squat Jump ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Low Load ◽  
Squat Jumps

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a low-load gluteal warm-up protocol on countermovement and squat jump performance. Research by Crow et al. (2012) found that a low-load gluteal warm-up could be effective in enhancing peak power output during a countermovement jump. Eleven subjects performed countermovement and squat jumps before and after the gluteal warm-up protocol. Both jumps were examined in separate testing sessions and performed 30 seconds, and 2, 4, 6 & 8 minutes post warm-up. Height jumped and peak ground reaction force were the dependent variables examined in both jumps, with 6 additional variables related to fast force production being examined in the squat jump only. All jumps were performed on a force platform (AMTI OR6-5). Repeated measures analysis of variance found a number of significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) between baseline and post warm-up scores. Height jumped decreased significantly in both jumps at all rest intervals excluding 8 minutes. Improvement was seen in 7 of the 8 recorded SJ variables at the 8 minute interval. Five of these improvements were deemed statistically significant, namely time to peak GRF (43.0%), and time to the maximum rate of force development (65.7%) significantly decreased, while starting strength (63.4%), change of force in first 100 ms of contraction (49.1%) and speed strength (43.6%) significantly increased. The results indicate that a gluteal warm-up can enhance force production in squat jumps performed after 8 minutes recovery. Future research in this area should include additional warm-up intervention groups for comparative reasons.

scholarly journals Acute Effects Of Different Stretching Durations on Vertical Jump Performance in Rhythmic Gymnasts

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (82) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuriye Özengin ◽  
Necmiye Ün Yıldırım ◽  
Gül Baltacı ◽  
Nerijus Masiulis
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Static Stretching ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnastics ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnasts ◽  
Stretching Exercises

Research background. Stretching is believed to enhance performance, reduce injury, and be an effective means of developing flexibility and alleviating muscular soreness (Shellock, Prentice, 1985; Brandy et al., 1997). A review of the current literature shows that the results of many studies conflict with others; some report that static stretching diminishes vertical jum (VJ) performance (Cornwell et al., 2001; McNeal, Sands, 2003; Wallmann et al., 2005), whereas others report that static stretching has no effect at all on VJ (Church et al., 2001; Power et al., 2004; Unick et al., 2005). Research aim, was to examine the effects of different durations of stretching on performance and to find the stretching durations that affect the performance negatively or positively. Research methods. The subjects of the study were 27 rhythmic gymnasts with the mean age of 10.00 ± 1.2 years. The subjects as a whole group participated in two different stretching programs on nonconsecutive days to eliminate the effect of individual differences on the performance. On the first day, athletes were asked to warm up by 5 minute jogging after the pretest was administered. The posttest measured the vertical jump performance after athletes stayed inactive for 20 minutes. They rested for a day and on the third day, their performance was measured again. After the 5 minute warm-up period, 10 repetitions of 15 seconds static stretching exercises for hip flexor, hamstring and gastrocnemius muscle groups were followed by the posttest. Moreover, on the fifth day 30-second exercises were repeated five times on the same type of muscles. The participants in this investigation were tested in individual vertical jump performances following warm-up only, warm-up plus 15 seconds static stretching, and warm-up plus 30 seconds. Research results. Results of a one-way repeated-measures ANOVA indicated a nonsignificant difference for vertical jump performance (F = 2.052; p > 0.05). Discussion and conclusions. Stretching exercises are referred in rhythmic gymnastics more intensively than other sports. Relevant literature displays fewer stretching repetitions and durations. These durations and repetitions may not be realistic and practical for rhythmic gymnasts. Therefore, the durations and repetitions utilized in this study are considered more appropriate for rhythmic gymnastics trainings. Rhythmic gymnasts may make use of duration and repetitions determined in this study that will not affect their performance.Keywords: anaerobic power, gymnastics, exercise.

scholarly journals Performance Effects of Repetition Specific Gluteal Activation Protocols on Acceleration in Male Rugby Union Players

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorna Barry ◽  
Ian Kenny ◽  
Thomas Comyns
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Individual Response ◽  
Rest Interval ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Dual Beam ◽  
Intervention Protocol ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Warm-up protocols have the potential to cause an acute enhancement of dynamic sprinting performance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of three repetition specific gluteal activation warm-up protocols on acceleration performance in male rugby union players. Forty male academy rugby union players were randomly assigned to one of 4 groups (control, 5, 10 or 15 repetition gluteal activation group) and performed 10 m sprints at baseline and 30 s, 2, 4, 6 and 8 min after their specific intervention protocol. Five and ten meter sprint times were the dependent variable and dual-beam timing gates were used to record all sprint times. Repeated measures analysis of variance found no significant improvement in 5 and 10 m sprint times between baseline and post warm-up scores (p ≥ 0.05) for all groups. There were no reported significant differences between groups at any of the rest interval time points (p ≥ 0.05). However, when individual responses to the warm-up protocols were analyzed, the 15 repetition gluteal activation group had faster 10 m times post-intervention and this improvement was significant (p = 0.021). These results would indicate that there is no specific rest interval for any of the gluteal interventions that results in a potentiation effect on acceleration performance. However, the individual response analysis would seem to indicate that a 15 repetition gluteal activation warm-up protocol has a potentiating effect on acceleration performance provided that the rest interval is adequately and individually determined.

scholarly journals ACUTE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT WARM-UP INTERVENTIONS ON NEUROMUSCULAR PERFORMANCE OF RECREATIONAL SOCCER PLAYERS

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Bernardo Neme Ide ◽  
Alexandre Moreira ◽  
Bradley Jon Schoenfeld ◽  
Leandro Lodo ◽  
Audrei Dos Reis Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Squat Jump ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Neuromuscular Performance ◽  
Recreational Athletes ◽  
Counter Movement Jump

Pre-exercises interventions are frequently implemented in order to maximize athletic performance. In this sense, the aim of this study was to evaluated the effect of three distinct pre-exercise interventions on acute neuromuscular performance in recreational soccer players: 1) parallel squat; 2) static stretching; and 3) ballistic stretching. After all interventions, participants performed a flexibility evaluation (sit-and-reach-test), followed by a squat jump, a counter-movement jump and a 30 meter-sprint test. A one-way analysis of variance revealed: a) a significant decrease in jumping performance was induced by both Stretching conditions when compared to the parallel squat intervention; b) a significant increase in lower limb flexibility after both stretching interventions when compared to parallel squat. In conclusion, it is suggested that a pre-exercise intervention comprised of stretching exercises can acutely increase flexibility, while impairing jump performance in recreational athletes.

scholarly journals Effect of Various Warm-Up Protocols on Jump Performance in College Football Players

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey C. Pagaduan ◽  
Haris Pojskić ◽  
Edin Užičanin ◽  
Fuad Babajić
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Body Height ◽  
College Football ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Static Stretching ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Dynamic Stretching ◽  
Post Hoc

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of warm-up strategies on countermovement jump performance. Twenty-nine male college football players (age: 19.4 ± 1.1 years; body height: 179.0 ± 5.1 cm; body mass: 73.1 ± 8.0 kg; % body fat: 11.1 ± 2.7) from the Tuzla University underwent a control (no warm-up) and different warm-up conditions: 1. general warm-up; 2. general warm-up with dynamic stretching; 3. general warm-up, dynamic stretching and passive stretching; 4. passive static stretching; 5. passive static stretching and general warm-up; and, 6. passive static stretching, general warm-up and dynamic stretching. Countermovement jump performance was measured after each intervention or control. Results from one way repeated measures ANOVA revealed a significant difference on warm-up strategies at F (4.07, 113.86) = 69.56, p < 0.001, eta squared = 0.72. Bonferonni post hoc revealed that a general warm-up and a general warm-up with dynamic stretching posted the greatest gains among all interventions. On the other hand, no warm-up and passive static stretching displayed the least results in countermovement jump performance. In conclusion, countermovement jump performance preceded by a general warmup or a general warm-up with dynamic stretching posted superior gains in countermovement jump performance.

scholarly journals Efectos agudos de la aplicación del Dynamic Tape® sobre el rendimiento de salto vertical: un estudio de caso

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateo Baena Marín ◽  
Alejandro Gómez Rodas ◽  
Diego A. Bonilla ◽  
Luis Enrique Isaza Velásquez ◽  
Anthony Baculima López
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Power ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Flight Time ◽  
Muscle Performance ◽  
Jump Height ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Squat Jump ◽  
Before And After

Different types of neuromuscular tapes have led to no consensus about its benefits on muscle performance. Unlike kinesiology and rigid tapes, Dynamic Tape® has different composition and properties with unknown effects on performance. The aim of this exploratory-type case study was to report the acute effects of dynamic tape® application on vertical jump performance. Material and methods: Using a test-retest methodology, a case study was carried out in two 21-year-old, healthy and physically active women. Flight time, jump height and muscle power were evaluated by squat jump and countermovement jump tests using a contact mat, before and after the application of dynamic tape® on quadriceps and gastrocnemius muscles. Single and double taping were also used in different combinations. Results: Improvements of up to 10.8% on flight time, 22.6% on jump height and 8.9% on muscle power were observed for squat jump after the application of dynamic tape®. Conclusions: This preliminary and explo ...

scholarly journals Efeito da atividade condicionante com diferentes intensidades sobre o desempenho do salto vertical

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-93
Author(s):  
Danilo Jamaikon Carvalho ◽  
Heitor Francisco Moreira Barbosa ◽  
Ramon Franco Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Muscle Power ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Squat Exercise

INTRODUÇÃO: A potencialização pós ativação é o fenômeno do aumento da potência muscular quando precedido de uma atividade condicionante (AC) de força a partir de cargas de alta intensidade.OBJETIVO: Verificar o efeito agudo de três diferentes intensidades de atividade condicionante sobre o desempenho do salto vertical. MÉTODOS: Quinze homens com experiência no treinamento de força visitaram o laboratório em seis ocasiões. As duas primeiras visitas foram destinadas exclusivamente para identificar a carga de 1RM no exercício agachamento. As demais visitas foram realizadas de forma aleatória compreendendo três condições experimentais e um controle. Os procedimentos experimentais foram compostos com a AC realizada em 3 séries de 3 repetições com 20,55 ou 90% de 1RM no exercício agachamento. Tanto antes, como 10 minutos após a realização da AC, os voluntários realizaram 3 saltos verticais. Na visita controle, nenhuma AC foi realizada entre as séries de saltos. Como variável dependente, tanto a maior altura obtida (melhor desempenho) quanto a média de altura das séries de saltos foram consideradas. Após a verificação da normalidade pelo teste de Shapiro-Wilk, uma ANOVA two-way com medidas repetidas foi utilizado para verificar se havia interação ou efeito principal. O nível de significância adotado foi de p0,05.RESULTADOS: ANOVA two-way com medidas repetidas não observou interação grupo x teste (p=0,938) e nem efeito principal grupo (p=0,486) ou teste (p=0,658) quando se considerou a média dos 3 saltos. O mesmo resultado foi observado quando se avaliou o salto de melhor desempenho (p=0,582; p=0,873; p=0,119).CONCLUSÃO: Os protocolos adotados no presente estudo parecem não interferir no desempenho do salto vertical para indivíduos experientes no treinamento de força, mas não atletas. A individualidade biológica é um importante fator de influência, indicando a necessidade de testar o desempenho individual antes de prescrever este modelo de treino.ABSTRACT. Effect of conditioning contraction with different intensities on vertical jump performance.BACKGROUND: Post-activation potentiation is the phenomenon of increased muscle power when preceded by a high intensity conditioning activity (CA).OBJECTIVE: To verify the acute effect of three different intensities of conditioning activity on the vertical jump performance.METHODS: Fifteen men with strength training experience visited the laboratory on six occasions. The first two visits were intended exclusively to identify the 1RM load in the squat exercise. The other visits were carried out at random, comprising three experimental conditions and one control. The experimental procedures were composed with the CA performed in 3 sets of 3 repetitions with 20,55 or 90% of 1RM in the squat exercise. Before and 10 minutes after performing the CA, the volunteers performed 3 vertical jumps. In the control visit, no CA was performed between the sets of jumps. As a dependent variable, both the highest height obtained (best performance) and the average height of each sets of jumps were considered. After checking the normality by the Shapiro-Wilk test, a two-way ANOVA with repeated measures was used to check if there was an interaction or main effect. The level of significance was p0.05. RESULTS: Two-way ANOVA with repeated measures did not observe group x test interaction (p=0.938) and neither main group effect (p=0.486) nor test (p=0.658) when considering the average of the 3 jumps. The same result was observed when the best performance jump was evaluated (p=0.582; p=0.873; p=0.119).CONCLUSION: The protocols adopted in the present study do not seem to interfere with the vertical jump performance for individuals experienced in strength training, but not athletes. Biological individuality is an important influencing factor, indicating the need to test individual performance before prescribing this training model.

scholarly journals Acute and Delayed Effects of Time-Matched Very Short “All Out” Efforts in Concentric vs. Eccentric Cycling

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7968
Author(s):  
Daniel Boullosa ◽  
Boris Dragutinovic ◽  
Jan-Philip Deutsch ◽  
Steffen Held ◽  
Lars Donath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Thigh Circumference ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Delayed Effects ◽  
Acute Responses ◽  
Experimental Protocols ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Exercise Induced

Background: To the authors’ knowledge, there have been no studies comparing the acute responses to “all out” efforts in concentric (isoinertial) vs. eccentric (isovelocity) cycling. Methods: After two familiarization sessions, 12 physically active men underwent the experimental protocols consisting of a 2-min warm-up and 8 maximal efforts of 5 s, separated by 55 s of active recovery at 80 rpm, in concentric vs. eccentric cycling. Comparisons between protocols were conducted during, immediately after, and 24-h post-sessions. Results: Mechanical (Work: 82,824 ± 6350 vs. 60,602 ± 8904 J) and cardiometabolic responses (mean HR: 68.8 ± 6.6 vs. 51.3 ± 5.7% HRmax, lactate: 4.9 ± 2.1 vs. 1.8 ± 0.6 mmol/L) were larger in concentric cycling (p < 0.001). The perceptual responses to both protocols were similarly low. Immediately after concentric cycling, vertical jump was potentiated (p = 0.028). Muscle soreness (VAS; p = 0.016) and thigh circumference (p = 0.045) were slightly increased only 24-h after eccentric cycling. Serum concentrations of CK, BAG3, and MMP-13 did not change significantly post-exercise. Conclusions: These results suggest the appropriateness of the eccentric cycling protocol used as a time-efficient (i.e., ~60 kJ in 10 min) and safe (i.e., without exercise-induced muscle damage) alternative to be used with different populations in future longitudinal interventions.

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