scholarly journals Acute and Delayed Effects of Time-Matched Very Short “All Out” Efforts in Concentric vs. Eccentric Cycling

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7968
Author(s):  
Daniel Boullosa ◽  
Boris Dragutinovic ◽  
Jan-Philip Deutsch ◽  
Steffen Held ◽  
Lars Donath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Thigh Circumference ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Delayed Effects ◽  
Acute Responses ◽  
Experimental Protocols ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Exercise Induced

Background: To the authors’ knowledge, there have been no studies comparing the acute responses to “all out” efforts in concentric (isoinertial) vs. eccentric (isovelocity) cycling. Methods: After two familiarization sessions, 12 physically active men underwent the experimental protocols consisting of a 2-min warm-up and 8 maximal efforts of 5 s, separated by 55 s of active recovery at 80 rpm, in concentric vs. eccentric cycling. Comparisons between protocols were conducted during, immediately after, and 24-h post-sessions. Results: Mechanical (Work: 82,824 ± 6350 vs. 60,602 ± 8904 J) and cardiometabolic responses (mean HR: 68.8 ± 6.6 vs. 51.3 ± 5.7% HRmax, lactate: 4.9 ± 2.1 vs. 1.8 ± 0.6 mmol/L) were larger in concentric cycling (p < 0.001). The perceptual responses to both protocols were similarly low. Immediately after concentric cycling, vertical jump was potentiated (p = 0.028). Muscle soreness (VAS; p = 0.016) and thigh circumference (p = 0.045) were slightly increased only 24-h after eccentric cycling. Serum concentrations of CK, BAG3, and MMP-13 did not change significantly post-exercise. Conclusions: These results suggest the appropriateness of the eccentric cycling protocol used as a time-efficient (i.e., ~60 kJ in 10 min) and safe (i.e., without exercise-induced muscle damage) alternative to be used with different populations in future longitudinal interventions.

scholarly journals Influência do Aquecimento no Desempenho do Teste de Salto Horizontal em Jovens Adultos

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Jeferson Inocêncio Moraes Caneviski ◽  
José Roberto Crepaldi ◽  
Eduardo Vignoto Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
State University ◽  
Muscular Power ◽  
Power Performance ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Jump Test ◽  
Physical Tests

É comum tanto os praticantes recreacionais como atletas de alto rendimento realizarem atividades preparatórias antes de um exercício físico alvo, como uma forma de prevenir lesões. Contudo, o efeito do aquecimento na melhora do rendimento em atividades, que exijam força e potência, é questionável. O objetivo desse estudo foi analisar a influência de dois testes físicos para potência muscular, utilizados como atividades preparatórias, na melhora da potência do teste de salto horizontal. Foram avaliados 51 indivíduos, fisicamente ativos e não obesos com média de idade de 22,1 ± 3,0 anos, acadêmicos do curso de Educação Física da Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná – UENP. Como forma de aquecimento foram utilizados os testes de salto vertical e o Sprint de 50 metros. A potência foi avaliada pelo teste de salto horizontal. Os dados foram analisados pelo pacote estatístico GraphPad Prism 5.0, com índice de significância de p<0,05. Os dados obtidos não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre os protocolos, demonstrando não haver influência na realização dos testes preparatórios com o desempenho na potência pelo salto horizontal. Conclui-se que a prática das atividades preparatórias propostas neste estudo não potencializou o aumento da potência muscular dos membros inferiores para realização do salto horizontal.Palavras-Chave: Exercício; Potência Muscular; Protocolos.AbstractIt is common for both recreational and high-performance athletes to perform preparatory activities prior to a targeted physical exercise as a way to prevent injury. However, the effects of warm-up on performance improvement in activities that require strength and power are questionable. The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of two physical tests for muscular power, used as preparatory activities, to improve power in the horizontal jump test. Fifty-one physically active and non-obese individuals with a mean age of 22.1 ± 3.0 years were evaluated, students of the Physical Education course at the State University of Northern Paraná - UENP. Vertical jump tests and 50 meter Sprints were used as a form of warm-up. Power was evaluated by the horizontal jump test. Data were analyzed using the statistical package GraphPad Prism 5.0, with a significance index of p <0.05. The data obtained did not present significant differences among the protocols, demonstrating that there was no influence of preparatory tests performance on power performance in the horizontal jump. It is concluded that the practice of the preparatory activities proposed in this study did not increase the muscular power of the lower limbs for the horizontal jump.Key-words: Exercise; Muscular Power; Protocols.

scholarly journals Acute Effects of Work Rest Interval Duration of 3 HIIT Protocols on Cycling Power in Trained Young Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4225
Author(s):  
José Manuel García-De Frutos ◽  
Fco. Javier Orquín-Castrillón ◽  
Pablo Jorge Marcos-Pardo ◽  
Jacobo Á. Rubio-Arias ◽  
Alejandro Martínez-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Density Ratio ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Exercise Duration ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Rest Interval ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Acute Responses ◽  
High Intensity Interval

High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) is described as a succession of short duration and maximum or near-maximum intensity efforts, alternated by recovery periods during which exercise continues at a lower intensity (active recovery) or is interrupted (passive recovery). Our objective was to evaluate the acute responses of three HIIT protocols of different work/rest interval times over the total time of the session, with self-selectable load and up to exhaustion, “all out”.The sample was composed of 22 male participants (n = 22) between 19 and 24 years old. The HIIT protocol consisted of one of the three HIIT protocols, of 30, 60 and 90 s density ratio 1:1 and with passive rest, with a total exercise duration of 10 min. The test was performed in a cycloergometer set in workload mode independent of the pedaling frequency. The comparison of the three HIIT protocols shows that the duration of the work/rest intervals, starting from 30 s of work, in the cycloergometer, there are no significant differences in the levels of lactate concentration in the blood, nor in the heart rate, since a similar amount is obtained in the three protocols. The percentage of maximum power developed reached in each HIIT protocol is related to the duration of the working intervals.

scholarly journals Influence of Warm-Up Music Preference on Anaerobic Exercise Performance in Division I NCAA Female Athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Corinne E. Meglic ◽  
Caroline M. Orman ◽  
Rebecca R. Rogers ◽  
Tyler D. Williams ◽  
Christopher G. Ballmann
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Anaerobic Exercise ◽  
Division I ◽  
Total Work ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Warm Up

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of listening to preferred versus non-preferred warm-up music on anaerobic sprint performance in Division I NCAA female athletes. Female collegiate athletes (n = 14) were recruited for this study. In a counterbalanced, crossover study design, participants completed two separate visits, each with a different warm-up music condition: preferred (Pref) or non-preferred (Non-pref). During each visit, participants completed a 3 min standardized cycling warm-up at 50 Watts while listening to Pref or Non-pref music. Following this, participants completed 3 × 15 s Wingate Anaerobic Tests (WAnTs) with a 2 min active recovery period in between tests. Motivation to exercise was measured immediately following the warm-up (WU), WAnT1, WAnT2, and WAnT3. The rate of perceived exertion (RPE) was also measured after each WAnT. Each visit was separated by a minimal recovery period of 48 h. Mean power, total work, RPE, and motivation were analyzed. Mean power (p = 0.044; d = 0.91) and total work (p = 0.045; d = 0.78) were significantly higher during the Pref music condition versus Non-pref. RPE remained unchanged regardless of condition (p = 0.536; d = 0.01). Motivation was significantly higher with Pref warm-up music compared to Non-pref (p < 0.001; d = 1.55). These results show that listening to Pref warm-up music has an ergogenic benefit during repeated sprints in comparison to Non-pref music and improves motivation to exercise. Listening to warm-up music prior to high-intensity repeated exercise may aid in optimizing performance and training in collegiate athletes.

scholarly journals Acute Effect of Mini-Trampoline Jumping on Vertical Jump and Balance Performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Nada Rhouni ◽  
Nicole C. Dabbs ◽  
Trevor Gillum ◽  
Jared W. Coburn
Keyword(s):  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Rest Period ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Balance Performance ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Warm Up

Jumping and balance are necessary skills for most athletes, and mini-trampoline training has been shown to improve them. Little is known about the acute effect of mini-trampoline jumping on jump performance and dynamic balance. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of 6 maximal jumps on a mini-trampoline on countermovement vertical jump (CMVJ) variables and on balance parameters. Methods: Twenty one recreationally trained individuals participated in three testing sessions and were either allocated to a control group (N=10) or a trampoline group (N=11). All the participants performed a dynamic warm up prior to their assessments. Baseline CMVJ and balance assessments were measured. For the jump performance tests, the control group rested for 30s, and the trampoline group performed 6 maximal CMVJs on a mini-trampoline. Immediately following the trampoline jumps or the rest period, participants performed three jump trials. The jumping protocol was repeated every minute up to 5 minutes and balance was reassessed immediately after only. Results: There was no significant interaction of time by group and no group effects in all the jumping parameters, however, there was a significant increase in jump height (p <0.001) post-condition, and a significant decrease in peak power (p= 0.01) at the 4th minute for both groups. There was no significant interaction of time by condition, no time effect and no group effect (p>0.05) on the balance variables. Conclusion: These results do not support our hypothesis and show that trampoline jumping does not improve jump and balance performance acutely.

scholarly journals Reliability and Validity of the Polar V800 Sports Watch for Estimating Vertical Jump Height

2021 ◽  
pp. 149-157
Author(s):  
Manuel V. Garnacho-Castaño ◽  
Marcos Faundez-Zanuy ◽  
Noemí Serra-Payá ◽  
José L. Maté-Muñoz ◽  
Josep López-Xarbau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Force Platform ◽  
Systematic Bias ◽  
High Speed Camera ◽  
Jump Height ◽  
Random Errors ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Vertical Jump Height

This study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of the Polar V800 to measure vertical jump height. Twenty-two physically active healthy men (age: 22.89 ± 4.23 years; body mass: 70.74 ± 8.04 kg; height: 1.74 ± 0.76 m) were recruited for the study. The reliability was evaluated by comparing measurements acquired by the Polar V800 in two identical testing sessions one week apart. Validity was assessed by comparing measurements simultaneously obtained using a force platform (gold standard), high-speed camera and the Polar V800 during squat jump (SJ) and countermovement jump (CMJ) tests. In the test-retest reliability, high intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were observed (mean: 0.90, SJ and CMJ) in the Polar V800. There was no significant systematic bias ± random errors (p > 0.05) between test-retest. Low coefficients of variation (<5%) were detected in both jumps in the Polar V800. In the validity assessment, similar jump height was detected among devices (p > 0.05). There was almost perfect agreement between the Polar V800 compared to a force platform for the SJ and CMJ tests (Mean ICCs = 0.95; no systematic bias ± random errors in SJ mean: -0.38 ± 2.10 cm, p > 0.05). Mean ICC between the Polar V800 versus high-speed camera was 0.91 for the SJ and CMJ tests, however, a significant systematic bias ± random error (0.97 ± 2.60 cm; p = 0.01) was detected in CMJ test. The Polar V800 offers valid, compared to force platform, and reliable information about vertical jump height performance in physically active healthy young men.

Does exercise-induced bronchoconstriction affect physical activity patterns in asthmatic children?

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 577-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR van der Kamp ◽  
BJ Thio ◽  
M Tabak ◽  
HJ Hermens ◽  
JMM Driessen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Activity Tracker ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Severe Type

Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is a sign of uncontrolled childhood asthma and classically occurs after exercise. Recent research shows that EIB frequently starts during exercise, called breakthrough-EIB (BT-EIB). It is unknown whether this more severe type of EIB forces children to adapt their physical activity (PA) pattern in daily life. Therefore, this pilot study aims to investigate daily life PA (amount, intensity, duration, and distribution) in children with BT-EIB, ‘classic’ EIB, and without EIB. A Fitbit Zip activity tracker was used for one week to objectively measure daily life PA at one-minute intervals. Thirty asthmatic children participated. Children with BT-EIB were less physically active compared to children without EIB (respectively 7994 and 11,444 steps/day, p = .02). Children with BT-EIB showed less moderate-to-vigorous PA compared to the children without (respectively 117 and 170 minutes/day, p = .02). Children with EIB (both BT and classic) had significant shorter bouts of activity and a less stretched distribution of bout lengths compared to the non-EIB group (all p < .05). These results emphasize a marked association between EIB severity and PA patterns in daily life, stressing the need for a thorough clinical evaluation of exercise-induced symptoms in childhood asthma.

scholarly journals Effects of Creatine Supplementation during Resistance Training Sessions in Physically Active Young Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1880
Author(s):  
Scotty Mills ◽  
Darren G. Candow ◽  
Scott C. Forbes ◽  
J. Patrick Neary ◽  
Michael J. Ormsbee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Creatine Supplementation ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Training Set ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Leg Press ◽  
Total Body

The purpose was to examine the effects of creatine supplementation during resistance training sessions on skeletal muscle mass and exercise performance in physically active young adults. Twenty-two participants were randomized to supplement with creatine (CR: n = 13, 26 ± 4 yrs; 0.0055 g·kg−1 post training set) or placebo (PLA: n = 9, 26 ± 5 yrs; 0.0055 g·kg−1 post training set) during six weeks of resistance training (18 sets per training session; five days per week). Prior to and following training and supplementation, measurements were made for muscle thickness (elbow and knee flexors/extensors, ankle plantarflexors), power (vertical jump and medicine ball throw), strength (leg press and chest press one-repetition maximum (1-RM)) and muscular endurance (one set of repetitions to volitional fatigue using 50% baseline 1-RM for leg press and chest press). The creatine group experienced a significant increase (p < 0.05) in leg press, chest press and total body strength and leg press endurance with no significant changes in the PLA group. Both groups improved total body endurance over time (p < 0.05), with greater gains observed in the creatine group. In conclusion, creatine ingestion during resistance training sessions is a viable strategy for improving muscle strength and some indices of muscle endurance in physically active young adults.

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