scholarly journals Challenging Youth Unemployment Through International Mobility

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-27
Author(s):  
Birte Nienaber ◽  
Ioana Manafi ◽  
Volha Vysotskaya ◽  
Monica Roman ◽  
Daniela Marinescu
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Young People ◽  
Financial Crises ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
European Countries ◽  
International Mobility ◽  
Career Identity

AbstractYouth unemployment is a challenge in many European countries – especially since the financial crises. Young people face difficulties in the transition from education into employment. This article focuses on young mobile Europeans from six countries (Germany, Hungary, Luxembourg, Norway, Romania and Spain). The research question is whether and to which extent international mobility has an impact on employability and therefore reduces youth unemployment. By using a cluster analysis of personal adaptability, social and human capital and career identity, the importance of mobility experiences for employability is analysed in a recent dataset of 5,272 young (formerly) mobile respondents. Youth mobility is established as a strong characteristic for the employability cluster. Mobility is however not the long-term aim of most of the mobile young people, since most of the mobiles choose to return to their home countries after one or more stays abroad.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Employment Programme on Young Unemployed People

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-69
Author(s):  
Laura Južnik Rotar
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Active Labour Market Policy ◽  
Unemployed People ◽  
Active Labour

Youth unemployment is of paramount concern for the European Union. Young people are facing potentially slow and difficult transitions into stable jobs. What optimally supports young people on the labour market poses a challenging question for economic policy makers. Active labour market policies can be beneficial to young unemployed people. The aim of active labour market policy is to improve employability of the unemployed. The consequences of an overly generous welfare state can be a reduction in motivation to work. The effectiveness of employment programmes is therefore a crucial step in the process. This paper aims to estimate the treatment effect of subsidized employment programmes on young Dutch unemployed people using difference in differences propensity score matching. We test whether the effects of subsidized employment programmes for young Dutch unemployed people are positive and strong in both the short and long term on the probability of re-employment and on the probability of participation in the regular educational system in comparison with the outcome produced in the event that an individual would continue seeking employment as an unemployed person. The probability of re-employment in short-term circumstances is positive, but small. Whereas with long-term examples (two years after the programme start) the probability is negative. Alternatively, the probability of participation in regular educational systems is positive in the short-term as well as in the long-term, but evidently decreases in the long-term. Welfare reforms undertaken in the Netherlands are directed towards enhancing efficiency. The role of social partners in social security administrations is reduced and the reforms are intended to promote reintegration of people who are out of work. There is a general agreement that the Netherlands is going in the right direction by giving priority to work and study over benefits, as it has become evident that generous social benefits make employment policies inefficient.

scholarly journals Exploring long-term youth unemployment in Europe using sequence analysis: a reproducible notebook approach

REGION ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-69
Author(s):  
Nikos Patias
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
European Countries ◽  
European Policy ◽  
Regional Inequalities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Northern Regions

Youth unemployment is a factor influencing European policy. The effects of financial crisis of 2008 in youth unemployment were prominent and varied across European countries and regions. This notebook aims to identify key representative trajectories of youth unemployment by NUTS 2 regions in Europe from 2008 to 2018. Moreover, this notebook provides a self-contained research workflow that is fully reproducible and transparent, using a wide range of functionalities offered by computational notebooks. The results show that there is a divide between northern and southern regions. Northern regions follow stable low youth unemployment levels, while southern regions follow stable high youth unemployment levels. Finally, the results show that there are patterns of regional inequalities between major metropolitan areas and their adjacent regions.

scholarly journals Youth employment and unemployment rates in Kosovo

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2, special issue) ◽  
pp. 212-224
Author(s):  
Bashkim Bellaqa ◽  
Besim Gollopeni
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Youth Employment ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Unemployment Rates ◽  
Labour Market Policies ◽  
Market Instability

The main aim of this study is to analyse the employment and unemployment rates in the Western Balkans, looking particularly at youth (aged 18–24 years) unemployment in Kosovo. The results of the study show that unemployment in this age group is high and that labour market policies are also not appropriate. The empirical study was conducted during the pandemic (2020), but statistics for study needs were used from the period 2001–2019. It involved young people aged 18–24 and used data from various local and international institutions regarding the labour market for young people, labour market policy, etc. The study shows that in Kosovo, 48.7% of young people aged 18–24 are unemployed and that the most pronounced unemployment is among women. A significant proportion of the young population is unemployed (46.4%) and youth unemployment among females is higher (53.6%) compared to males (42.9%) (Kosovo Agency of Statistics, 2020b). Kosovo’s problem with youth unemployment is the result of poor economic development as well as inefficient labour market policies. The study recommends that policymakers develop sustainable and effective policies that will lead to stability in youth employment and improve the labour market performance. These policies should help organizations and businesses to increase the number of employees, but should also create long-term employment stability. Furthermore, a critical appraisal is necessary to avoid youth unemployment, instability in youth employment and labour market instability as a whole

Family matters

2018 ◽  
pp. 177-212
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Parental Home ◽  
Social Divisions ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Out Of School

This chapter studies how family legacies affect young people's strategies and decisions around finding work and moving into independent living. Where one comes from has always affected young people's job opportunities and paths out of school. These effects are becoming increasingly polarised both within and across European societies along a variety of dimensions that cannot simply be read off in terms of ethnicity, class, gender, the original nationality of one's parents, or even the society that young people from different backgrounds find themselves in. Understanding the long-term implications of these social divisions is central to knowing which kinds of policy interventions might be most effective in addressing current levels of youth unemployment. The chapter then looks at what happens to young people who leave home and/or set up their own families, and whether the recent recession has increased the risk of them returning to their parental home.

scholarly journals An Analysis of NEETs Situation in UE-28 Countries and the Example of Netherlands

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-51
Author(s):  
Natalia Kusa ◽  
Kinga Jasiak
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Negative Trend ◽  
The Other ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Job Market ◽  
High Unemployment ◽  
Statistical Studies

The aim of the article is to compare a NEET rate in EU-28 countries based on the most recent Eurostat statistical studies, and to solve a research problem concerning the situation of youth on the job market through answering a research question how did the NEETs situation change in the period under question which is 2008–2018. An increase of the negative trend of high unemployment among young people is constant, therefore it seems justified for the analysis to cover the period of ten years, which assumingly allows for the more complex assessment of the investigated issue. The analysis is supplemented by the case study of Netherlands which has the lowest NEET rate and as such stands as the example for the other European countries to follow.

Youth unemployment in Northern Ireland

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-373
Author(s):  
David Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Young People ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Low Achievers ◽  
The Status ◽  
One Year

Summary Nearly one tenth (8 per cent) of each cohort of school leavers in Northern Ireland experience long spells of unemployment and inactivity (“Status 0”) between the ages of 16 and 18. This is important because many such young people are likely to end up unemployed and long-term unemployed in later life. In Northern Ireland around 15 per cent of the male workforce is unemployed, and around one half of these have been out of work for more than one year. This paper outlines the nature of the Status 0 experience amongst 16 and 17 year olds in Northern Ireland, and discusses three main aspects of policy which might guide the overall policy response in Northern Ireland and elsewhere. Firstly, resources should be targeted carefully towards the most “at risk” young people, especially during the early stages of their progression through compulsory education. Secondly, relevant professionals should ensure that the most marginalised young people are not allowed to fall through the nets of mainstream provision and, in particular, every effort should be made to help young people avoid entering Status 0 immediately after leaving school. Thirdly, consideration should be given to the financial incentives faced by training providers in terms of recruiting low achievers who are at most risk of entering Status 0. There is some evidence to suggest that many of the existing incentives in Northern Ireland are inadequate and, in some cases, may exacerbate many of the problems faced by marginalised young people.

scholarly journals BETTER QUALITY OF HUMAN CAPITAL IS AN URGENT CHALLENGE FOR IBERIAN COUNTRIES

2016 ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
E. . Ermolieva
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Young People ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
European Countries

The surge of attention to the concept of human capital is now observed in the European countries,most affected by the protracted economic crisis started in 2008/2009 and suffered its severe consequences. These include Spain and Portugal. The range of measures that are meant to ensure the post-crisis developmentincludes programs aimed to improve the workforce quality and, above all, the human capital of the young people.

Social representations of human rights violations: Further evidence

2001 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Clémence ◽  
Thierry Devos ◽  
Willem Doise
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Young People ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Questionnaire Study ◽  
Human Rights Violations ◽  
High Tolerance ◽  
Individual Actions

Social representations of human rights violations were investigated in a questionnaire study conducted in five countries (Costa Rica, France, Italy, Romania, and Switzerland) (N = 1239 young people). We were able to show that respondents organize their understanding of human rights violations in similar ways across nations. At the same time, systematic variations characterized opinions about human rights violations, and the structure of these variations was similar across national contexts. Differences in definitions of human rights violations were identified by a cluster analysis. A broader definition was related to critical attitudes toward governmental and institutional abuses of power, whereas a more restricted definition was rooted in a fatalistic conception of social reality, approval of social regulations, and greater tolerance for institutional infringements of privacy. An atypical definition was anchored either in a strong rejection of social regulations or in a strong condemnation of immoral individual actions linked with a high tolerance for governmental interference. These findings support the idea that contrasting definitions of human rights coexist and that these definitions are underpinned by a set of beliefs regarding the relationships between individuals and institutions.

The Reproduction Vector of the Russian Economy: 1999-2007

2008 ◽  
pp. 94-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Sorokin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Real Sector ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Developed Countries

The problem of the Russian economy’s growth rates is considered in the article in the context of Russia’s backwardness regarding GDP per capita in comparison with the developed countries. The author stresses the urgency of modernization of the real sector of the economy and the recovery of the country’s human capital. For reaching these goals short- or mid-term programs are not sufficient. Economic policy needs a long-term (15-20 years) strategy, otherwise Russia will be condemned to economic inertia and multiplying structural disproportions.

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