scholarly journals Elderly Population and Labour Market Stabilization in Europe - The Case of Slovenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
Rasto Ovin ◽  
Marko Divjak ◽  
Živa Veingerl Čič ◽  
Anita Maček
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
Market Structure ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Social Consensus ◽  
Data Comparison ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Transfers ◽  
Market Stabilization

Abstract The growing share of the retired population in Europe worsens the balance of the social costs as social consensus in most European countries rests on extensive social transfers for this population group. With its 25% share in GDP and 50% share in social transfers, the European (continental) model is indeed not sustainable when compared globally. The current prevailing model of “rejuvenation” of the labour market through immigration did not prove as a sustainable solution. The same is valid for the perspective of fast technological change. It is based on filling the labour market with low-paid jobs enabling host economies to leave aside the imperative permanent change in the labour market structure. This paper discusses the case of Slovenia and tries to search the reasons for the absence of elderly population in the labour market in this country. Based on the data comparison and disposable studies, authors try to identify the main issues when endeavouring to keep elderly population in the labour market.

Children of the Celtic Tiger during the Economic Crisis: Ireland

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertrand Maître
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Celtic Tiger ◽  
Fiscal Adjustment ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Transfers ◽  
Tax And Transfer System ◽  
Household Incomes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scarring Effects

Ireland’s exceptionally deep economic and fiscal crisis had an immediate and profound impact on employment and household incomes. The percentage of children below a 2008 relative income threshold increased in line with prices, rose from 18 per cent to 28 per cent, and by 2012 32 per cent of children were in households reporting severe material deprivation. The impact of the recession was significantly buffered by the social security system providing an income floor for those who lost their jobs, despite cuts in some social transfers, and the redistributive impact of the tax and transfer system increased markedly. Overall the Irish welfare state proved reasonably robust in responding to the crisis, bringing about rapid fiscal adjustment, although public expenditure cuts on key services, high levels of debt, failure to generate adequate affordable housing, and the scarring effects of unemployment mean it will have a lasting impact on families.

Inequalities in access to cross-border resources? An analysis based on spatio-temporal behaviours in the cross-border area of Greater Geneva

2021 ◽  
pp. 096977642110267
Author(s):  
Alexis Gumy ◽  
Guillaume Drevon ◽  
Vincent Kaufmann
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Border Area ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The Social ◽  
Neighbouring Country ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Spatio Temporal

With an activity-based approach, this article offers a new reading of cross-border integration by exploring the social and spatial conditions that predispose specific populations of Greater Geneva to cross its borders. Five different daily cross-border patterns were identified showing that travelling to the neighbouring country is still uncommon among the least qualified populations and women, and that this trend now extends beyond the mere cross-border labour market. Logistic regressions show that Greater Geneva is witnessing a functionalisation of its cross-border integration, revealing mechanisms where the increase of particular mobility may foster segregation and inequalities. This article argues for an approach where cross-border integration is not an objective but rather is a consequence of obligations and constraints that individuals face in their daily behaviours.

Being a golf trainer in China: The life of an artist?

2021 ◽  
pp. 174795412199801
Author(s):  
Boucher Aurélien ◽  
Li Yuqing ◽  
Shao Xueyun
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Survey Analysis ◽  
Professional Certification ◽  
Quantitative Survey ◽  
The Social ◽  
Winner Takes All

This article investigates the earnings of Chinese golf trainers. Through a combination of ethnographic observations, interviews and a quantitative survey analysis, it depicts the social structure of the economy of golf training in China, showing that golf trainers’ playing abilities and fame, rather than any certificate of competence (e.g. diploma or professional certification), determine their earnings. At the same time, we underline many common characteristics between the artists’ labour market and the golf trainers’ labour market, such as the importance of fame and a winner-takes-all logic.

The Political Economy of Work and Welfare

2021 ◽  
pp. 422-444
Author(s):  
Micheál L. Collins ◽  
Mary P. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Full Employment ◽  
The Political ◽  
Welfare Regime ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sectoral Composition ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Institutional Architecture

The political economy of Irish work and welfare has dramatically changed over recent decades. Since the 1980s, Ireland has experienced two periods of high unemployment followed by two periods of full employment. Alongside this, we see considerable shifts in both the sectoral composition of the workforce and in the institutional architecture underpinning the labour market. Focusing on the last decade, this chapter contextualizes the Irish labour market in the Irish growth model, highlighting issues including occupational upgrading, low pay, gender composition, and migration. The chapter then explores links between this employment structure and Ireland’s changing welfare regime. It considers recent institutional changes, as the welfare regime shifted to a work-first form of activation, and the long-term sustainability of the social protection system. The chapter concludes by highlighting what we see as the core challenges for the political economy of work and welfare in Ireland.

Comparison of social phobia in athletes with doping history in comparison with general population

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 2144-2146
Author(s):  
Sareh Alavirad ◽  
Ali Amiri
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Population Group ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Control Study

Background: Regarding increasing and concerning worldwide trends of doping and lack of definite information about contributing factors in this era, this study was performed to determine the frequency of social phobia in athletes with doping history in comparison with general population. Methods and materials: In this case-control study 30 subjects were enrolled including two groups of professional athletes with doping history and general population. In each group 15 subjects were present. All subjects were interviewed according to DSM-IV criteria. The social phobia was assessed by social phobia inventory (SPIN). Results: Ten subjects (including 7 men and 3 women) in athletes group and 6 subjects (including 4 men and 2 women) in normal population group had social phobia showing no significant difference between groups (P=0.143). The gender had no effect on having social phobia in none of the groups (P=1.000). Conclusions: Totally, according to the obtained results in this study, it may be concluded that there is no significant difference between presence of social phobia in athletes with doping history and general population. Keywords: Athletes, Doping, Social phobia

PENSIONS AND LABOUR MARKET STRUCTURE

1987 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 568-576
Author(s):  
MICHAEL BEENSTOCK
Keyword(s):  
Market Structure ◽  
Labour Market

Social partnership as an approach to CSR: ‘traditional’ and ‘new’ actors, their roles and relations

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 416-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikkel Mailand
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
National Level ◽  
Policy Transfer ◽  
Business Networks ◽  
Active Labour Market Policy ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Social Partnership ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Partners

This article reports on research into social partnerships aiming at labour market inclusion that developed during the 1990s in Denmark, the UK and Spain. Some of these partnerships are directly related to corporate social responsibility (CSR initiatives in individual firms), whereas others are only indirectly related (for instance, active labour market policy initiatives at local, regional and national level). Developments such as new target groups for such policies, the weakening of the social partners, ideological change, policy transfer and budget constraints of the state have led to more partnerships taking a multipartite form, meaning that not only the public authorities and the social partners, but also new actors such as business networks, commercial operators and NGOs, participate. The involvement of new actors poses a challenge for the traditional actors – among them the trade unions. Whether the relations between traditional and new actors are best described by conflict or by cooperation cannot be explained by regime theories. The decisive factor seems to be the extent to which the new actors challenge the privileged positions of the traditional actors.

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