Children of the Celtic Tiger during the Economic Crisis: Ireland

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertrand Maître
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Celtic Tiger ◽  
Fiscal Adjustment ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Transfers ◽  
Tax And Transfer System ◽  
Household Incomes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scarring Effects

Ireland’s exceptionally deep economic and fiscal crisis had an immediate and profound impact on employment and household incomes. The percentage of children below a 2008 relative income threshold increased in line with prices, rose from 18 per cent to 28 per cent, and by 2012 32 per cent of children were in households reporting severe material deprivation. The impact of the recession was significantly buffered by the social security system providing an income floor for those who lost their jobs, despite cuts in some social transfers, and the redistributive impact of the tax and transfer system increased markedly. Overall the Irish welfare state proved reasonably robust in responding to the crisis, bringing about rapid fiscal adjustment, although public expenditure cuts on key services, high levels of debt, failure to generate adequate affordable housing, and the scarring effects of unemployment mean it will have a lasting impact on families.

Sustainable Communities: Affordable Housing and Socio-economic Relations

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vida Maliene ◽  
Joseph Howe ◽  
Naglis Malys
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Sustainable Communities ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Sustainable Housing ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Existing Housing

Recent UK government objectives are focused on creating sustainable communities to improve quality of life. Housing is a key issue to consider in delivering healthy and attractive communities. In certain areas of housing, lack of supply and consequent problems of affordability have created persistent social and economic pressure. For sustainable communities, housing should be easily available, high-quality, economic, ecological, aesthetically designed and comfortable, thus better suiting the needs of a person. Moreover, the housing must be affordable according to the local and national situation. This article addresses the issue of sustainable communities from the perspectives of housing markets and socio-economics. The study focuses on key factors that are believed to contribute to the currently existing housing situation, assessing the impact of regulated socio-economics upon the sustainable housing and communities. The study also reviews past and current government initiatives and policies relevant to housing and regeneration in the UK. The article finishes with the interview-based study carried out in the Northwest with a reflection on the notion of the sustainable communities plan and its eight key components, the housing market and its dependence on the economic, the social and political environment and it offers recommendations for the further sustainable communities' development within the UK.

Social transfers in Poland in the context of monetary and multidimensional poverty

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-26
Author(s):  
Adam Szulc
Keyword(s):  
Social Indicators ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Equivalent Income ◽  
Subjective Evaluations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Transfers ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The article examines the impact of the social transfers on well-being distribu-tion in Poland in 2010 and 2014. The main purpose is to assess the relationship between the distribution of benefits and of well-being, the impact of benefits on social indicators (i.e. the incidence and intensity of monetary and multidimensional poverty) as well as the influence of benefits on the behaviour of beneficiaries. The individual well-being is measured by means of equivalent income as well as by multidimensional indicator, including also consumption, dwelling quality, household appliances and subjective evaluations of the economic position. The study is based on data for 2010 and 2014 from the household budget survey of Statistics Poland. The comparison of the distribution of transfers and well-being indicates that the benefits are definitely pro-poor, irrespectively to the method of comparison and well-being measure. In 2014, as compared to 2010, higher reduction of poverty due to the transfers took place, in spite of the reduced number of recipients. However, the estimation of the net effect of the benefits including behavioural responses suggests strong demotivation effect.

scholarly journals The Impact of Social Policies on Self-Reliance Incentives for Roma in Central and Eastern Europe

Ekonomika ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Milcher ◽  
Katarína Zigová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Self Reliance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Transfers ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, we review the social systems in five European countries: Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia and Romania. We focus here on regulations towards households with insufficient income. Based on this, we analyse the impact of social transfers on self-reliance incentives of the Roma minority in particular, using data from the UNDP/ILO survey conducted in 2001 in the five countries.

Direct Democracy and Public Policymaking

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uwe Wagschal
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Finance ◽  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Discount Rate ◽  
Veto Player ◽  
The Social ◽  
Benefit Principle ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTWhat is the impact of direct democracy, e.g. referendums, on public policymaking? The study will present data for Switzerland, the United States, Australia and Germany leading to the conclusion that direct democracy is an effective, but flexible veto player against expansive spending and taxation. The level of public expenditure and taxation is significantly lower in countries that have elements of direct democracy compared to pure representative democracies. Several theoretical arguments support this finding. For example, the social discount rate of voters is lower than that of politicians. Also direct democracy is related to the benefit principle in public finance. Taxpayers want their payments to be related to public services they receive. They are therefore inclined to veto projects not reflecting their preferences. Moreover, referenda have an implicit restraining effect on governments and the mere threat can reduce their capacity to act.

scholarly journals Modèles politico-institutionnels et politique macroéconomique : analyse comparée de douze pays industrialisés 1960-1988 (Note)

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gérard Boismenu
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Macroeconomic Policies ◽  
Interest Representation ◽  
Political Choices ◽  
Social Transfers ◽  
The Impact

This study evaluates the impact of institutional forms on public policies in areas related to the wage relationship. We suggest that four political-institutional models, based on the configuration of political and social forces and of Systems of interest representation are accompanied by differentiated macroeconomic policies. This relationship is studied, with regression equations, for many issues of macroeconomic policies (unemployment, inflation, public expenditure, social transfers, public finances, economic growth), for two periods (1960-1975,1976-1988) and for twelve countries (Canada, United States, France, Italy, Great Britain, West Germany, Belgium, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Austria, Denmark). It is possible to conclude that there is a relationship between models and shapes of macroeconomic policies, but there is not necessarily stability in political choices from one period to the other.

The Impact of Endorsing the Belief in a Just World on Social Judgments

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoît Testé ◽  
Samantha Perrin
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Social Utility ◽  
Western Society ◽  
Social Judgments ◽  
Just World ◽  
The Social ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
The Impact

The present research examines the social value attributed to endorsing the belief in a just world for self (BJW-S) and for others (BJW-O) in a Western society. We conducted four studies in which we asked participants to assess a target who endorsed BJW-S vs. BJW-O either strongly or weakly. Results showed that endorsement of BJW-S was socially valued and had a greater effect on social utility judgments than it did on social desirability judgments. In contrast, the main effect of endorsement of BJW-O was to reduce the target’s social desirability. The results also showed that the effect of BJW-S on social utility is mediated by the target’s perceived individualism, whereas the effect of BJW-S and BJW-O on social desirability is mediated by the target’s perceived collectivism.

Russia’s fiscal stimulus and fiscal sustainability

2013 ◽  
pp. 90-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Akindinova ◽  
N. Kondrashov ◽  
A. Cherniavsky
Keyword(s):  
Government Spending ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
Fiscal Sustainability ◽  
Macroeconomic Model ◽  
Sharp Drop ◽  
Fiscal Stimulus ◽  
Fiscal Multipliers ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The Impact

This study examines the impact of public expenditure on economic growth in Russia. Fiscal multipliers for various items of government spending are calculated by means of our macroeconomic model of the Russian economy. Resources for fiscal stimulus and optimization are analyzed. In this study we assess Russia’s fiscal sustainability in conditions of various levels of oil prices. We conclude that fiscal stimulus is ineffective in Russia, while fiscal sustainability in conditions of a sharp drop in oil prices is relatively low.

ПРАГМАТИЧНИЙ ПОТЕНЦІАЛ НАТИВНОЇ РЕКЛАМИ: ФОРМИ, ТРЕНДИ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ НАТИВНОГО КОНТЕНТУ В СОЦІАЛЬНІЙ МЕРЕЖІ FACEBOOK ЩОДО БРЕНДА ФАКУЛЬТЕТУ ЖУРНАЛІСТИКИ ЗНУ)

2020 ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
V. Kovpak ◽  
N. Trotsenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Student Centered ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
The Social ◽  
National University ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

<div><p><em>The article analyzes the peculiarities of the format of native advertising in the media space, its pragmatic potential (in particular, on the example of native content in the social network Facebook by the brand of the journalism department of ZNU), highlights the types and trends of native advertising. The following research methods were used to achieve the purpose of intelligence: descriptive (content content, including various examples), comparative (content presentation options) and typological (types, trends of native advertising, in particular, cross-media as an opportunity to submit content in different formats (video, audio, photos, text, infographics, etc.)), content analysis method using Internet services (using Popsters service). And the native code for analytics was the page of the journalism department of Zaporizhzhya National University on the social network Facebook. After all, the brand of the journalism department of Zaporozhye National University in 2019 celebrates its 15th anniversary. The brand vector is its value component and professional training with balanced distribution of theoretical and practical blocks (seven practices), student-centered (democratic interaction and high-level teacher-student dialogue) and integration into Ukrainian and world educational process (participation in grant programs).</em></p></div><p><em>And advertising on social networks is also a kind of native content, which does not appear in special blocks, and is organically inscribed on one page or another and unobtrusively offers, just remembering the product as if «to the word». Popsters service functionality, which evaluates an account (or linked accounts of one person) for 35 parameters, but the main three areas: reach or influence, or how many users evaluate, comment on the recording; true reach – the number of people affected; network score – an assessment of the audience’s response to the impact, or how far the network information diverges (how many share information on this page).</em></p><p><strong><em>Key words:</em></strong><em> nativeness, native advertising, branded content, special project, communication strategy.</em></p>

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