scholarly journals A critical review of filter bubbles and a comparison with selective exposure

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-33
Author(s):  
Peter M. Dahlgren
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Selective Exposure ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
Filter Bubble ◽  
Filter Bubbles ◽  
Political Opinions ◽  
Over Time

Abstract The new high-choice media environment has raised concerns that users of social networking sites primarily select political information that supports their political opinions and avoid information that challenges them. This behaviour is reinforced by personalisation algorithms that create filter bubbles and both narrow the available content and exclude challenging information over time. These concerns have, however, been contested. This article challenges the underlying theoretical assumptions about filter bubbles, and compares filter bubbles to what we already know about selective exposure and human psychology. The article lists nine counterarguments to the filter bubble thesis. In short, I argue that the assumptions of filter bubbles contradict many of the previous findings of selective exposure research. More specifically, when discussing filter bubbles there is a risk of confusing two arguments: one strong – but also trivial – that is about technology (e.g., personalisation leads to different information), and one weak and speculative – but also the most interesting – that is about society (e.g., personalisation increases political polarisation in society).

Konsistenztheorien & Selective Exposure

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Freya Zillich
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Selective Exposure ◽  
Communication Studies ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
Social Psychological Research ◽  
Filter Bubbles ◽  
State Of Research

Do people prefer information that is consistent with their own attitude and avoid contradicting information? Which individual and societal effects arise of selective exposure to confirming information? These questions are examined in research on theories of consistency and selective exposure. The book outlines the central theoretical assumptions, exemplifies typical research designs and commonly applied methods and reviews the state of research from the early social-psychological research until current debates about the emergence of echo chambers and filter bubbles in social media. Conclusively, alternative explanatory approaches for the systematic preference of information are presented. The book is suitable as textbook for students and lecturers of communication studies as well as an introductory reading for communication practitioners and other interested parties.

scholarly journals Individual Media Dependency, Social Media and Online Parenting Groups in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Cynthia Pui-Shan Lau ◽  
Hamedi Mohd Adnan ◽  
Amira Sariyati Firdaus
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Network Activity ◽  
New Mothers ◽  
Media Dependency ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
Media Systems ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Interpersonal Network

This research paper examines new mothers’ dependency on parenting social networking sites particularly Facebook in Malaysia by adopting the Individual Media Dependency theory. Due to the ambiguity of the phenomena of transitioning into parenting for new mothers, it is apparent that new mothers rely on parenting social networking sites for support and information. This research is based on parenting social networking sites in Malaysia namely The Breastfeeding Advocates Network and The Parenting Network. Findings from this research suggests that social environment, media systems activity and interpersonal network activity are fundamental intervening conditions in today’s new media environment to fulfil an audience’s goal-oriented needs of orientation, understanding and play.

scholarly journals We're a Good Match: Selective Political Friending on Social Networking Sites

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Cargnino ◽  
German Neubaum ◽  
Stephan Winter
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
User Behavior ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Selective Exposure ◽  
Cognitive Closure ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Shared Reality ◽  
Social Affiliations

Political social media use has become the topic of a growing amount of scholarship. In this regard, the role of user behavior in the formation of politically homogeneous environments (so-called echo chambers) is not fully understood. Building on the concept of selective exposure, we introduce the notion of selective political friending, i.e., the preference for political like-mindedness in social affiliations on social networking sites. In a pre-registered laboratory experiment (N = 199), we find that users preferably build connections to those who share opinions toward controversial political issues. Political like-mindedness outperforms advantages based on the popularity of another user or the career-related fit with another user. Political friending is particularly pronounced when individuals’ pre-existing opinions are strong, while tendencies toward cognitive closure and the desire for shared reality do not impact like-minded friending. The present study unravels psychological patterns in the process of tie-building on SNS and points to the necessity to take motivational complexity into account when studying phenomena linked to political homogeneity. Being the first study to systematically address politically motivated contact choices on social networking sites jointly with their psychological antecedents, this study sheds new light on the debate about like-mindedness in online communication.

scholarly journals BASTER DAN IDENTITAS PENUTUR: STATUS KOMUNITAS BOBOTOH ID DI LAMAN FACEBOOK (BASTER AND SPEAKER IDENTITY: BOBOTOH ID STATUS ON FACEBOOK)

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Tisna Prabasmoro ◽  
Ferry Parsaulian Pakpahan ◽  
Abdul Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Local Culture ◽  
Online Identity ◽  
West Java ◽  
Local Language ◽  
Fan Communities ◽  
The People ◽  
Over Time

Status updates are one of the most popular features of Facebook, but few local studies have explored the traits and motives that influence the topics that people choose to update about. As many Persib supporters, otoriously called bobotoh, socialize and spend a great deal of time in technology-mediated environments such as fan communities and social networking sites, they develop an online identity as bilingual and knowlegeable Facebook admins and readers. The article explores the notion of identity as a fluid construct that shifts over time with these bobotoh’s longterm participation in a Facebook fan page named Bobotoh ID. It demonstrates how Sundanese (local language for the people in West Java), bobotoh-ship (a distinct identity) –as points of affiliation– and technology converge to provide a context in which these bobotoh are able to develop a powerful local culture identity circulated through a technologically mediated milieu.AbstrakMeskipun pemutakhiran pampangan (status) adalah salah satu fitur terpopular facebook, kajian-kajian lokal yang mendalami sifat dan motif yang memengaruhi pilihan topik status masih belum banyak dilakukan. Dengan banyaknya jumlah pendukung Persib yang dikenal dengan nama bobotoh yang bermasyarakat dan menghabiskan banyak waktu mereka dalam jejaring teknologi, seperti komunitaskomunitas pendukung dan situs jejaring sosial, mereka mengembangkan identitas maya mereka sebagai admin atau pembaca yang berpengetahuan luas dan bilingual. Artikel ini mengeksplorasi makna identitas sebagai konstruksi cair yang bergeserbersama waktu seiring dengan partisipasi jangka panjang bobotoh dalam komunitas penggemar Persib di facebook bernama Bobotoh ID. Artikel ini juga menunjukkan bagaimana bahasa Sunda (sebagai bahasa daerah masyarakat Jawa Barat), kebobotohan (sebagai identitas yang berbeda)–yang berfungsi sebagai titik-titik afiliasi–dan teknologi bertemu dan memberikan konteks sehingga bobotoh mampu mengembangkan identitas budaya lokal yang kuat di lingkungan yang dimediasi teknologi.

scholarly journals The Interrelated Roles of Mass Media and Social Media in Adolescents’ Development of an Objectified Self-Concept

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 1116-1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Vandenbosch ◽  
Steven Eggermont
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Self Objectification ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Appearance Ideals

Previous research has shown that mass media stimulate the development of an objectified self-concept. However, we know little about the role social networking sites (SNS) play in these relationships. The current longitudinal study ( N = 1,041) aimed to fill this gap by studying adolescents’ frequency of SNS use in general and their use of SNS to monitor attractive peers in particular. The results showed that the use of sexualizing mass media was associated with considering the appearance ideals promoted in mass media as one’s own standards to pursue. This internalization of appearance ideals, in turn, was related to the tendency to monitor attractive peers on SNS. Both the use of SNS to monitor attractive peers and the use of sexualizing mass media stimulated self-objectification and body surveillance over time. The frequency of SNS use played a limited role in the relationship between mass media and an objectified self-concept.

scholarly journals Agenda Trending: Reciprocity and the Predictive Capacity of Social Networking Sites in Intermedia Agenda Setting across Topics over Time

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Groshek ◽  
Megan Clough Groshek
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Traditional Media ◽  
Predictive Capacity ◽  
Intermedia Agenda Setting ◽  
Over Time

In the contemporary converged media environment, agenda setting is being transformed by the dramatic growth of audiences that are simultaneously media users and producers. The study reported here addresses related gaps in the literature by first comparing the topical agendas of two leading traditional media outlets (New York Times and CNN) with the most frequently shared stories and trending topics on two widely popular Social Networking Sites (Facebook and Twitter). Time-series analyses of the most prominent topics identify the extent to which traditional media sets the agenda for social media as well as reciprocal agenda-setting effects of social media topics entering traditional media agendas. In addition, this study examines social intermedia agenda setting topically and across time within social networking sites, and in so doing, adds a vital understanding of where traditional media, online uses, and social media content intersect around instances of focusing events, particularly elections. Findings identify core differences between certain traditional and social media agendas, but also within social media agendas that extend from uses examined here. Additional results further suggest important topical and event-oriented limitations upon the predictive capacit of social networking sites to shape traditional media agendas over time.

scholarly journals Paparan Selektif Penggunaan Fitur Senyap dan Teman Dekat pada Twitter dan Instagram

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 460
Author(s):  
Aisha Andari Rahmiputri ◽  
Irwansyah Irwansyah
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Selective Exposure ◽  
Close Friend ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Good Term ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
See And Avoid

Social media has become a part of human’s life. Social Networking Sites or SNS which a part of social media allows the users to create their own network. Not only that but users can also choose their friends, what kind of content they want to see, what kind of relationship then want to have, or to keep certain content just for a few people to see through social media. A few features like mute feature to close friends feature are there for users to use on Twitter and Instagram. This research will try to find out how those features are being used by the users and why those features are needed. In depth interview is used to six informants who use the mute and close friend feature on Twitter or Instagram. Selective exposure theory is used to see how someone is more interested in seeing contents that match their believes and interests. It shows that mute feature is used to filter some stuff that they want to see and avoid things they don’t like. The mute feature also useful for keeping the relationship in a good term between the users and other people. Meanwhile, close friends feature is used to maintain the connection users have with a few people where they can share stuff to those people only. Users also think that close friends feature is useful to protect their privacy.

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