Comparison of flunixin meglumine and meloxicam influence on postoperative and oxidative stress in ovariohysterectomized bitches

Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the effect of flunixin meglumine (FM) and meloxicam (M) on postoperative and oxidative stress in ovariohysterectomized bitches. Twenty four bitches were divided into three groups (n=8 in each) and treated during premedication as follows: FM (2.2 mg/kg, iv, Fluvil, Vilsan, Turkey), M (0.2 mg/kg, sc, Maxicam, Sanovel, Turkey) or 0.9% saline (1 ml, iv, IE, Turkey) - control (C) group. The concentrations of serum cortisol, nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), antioxidant potential (AOP) and glutation (GSH) were measured in blood samples collected during incision (0 h), closure of incision line (0.5 h) and 1, 2.5, 12 and 24 hours after incision. It was observed that cortisol level was higher at 0.5, 1 and 2.5 h in group C (p < 0.05), 0.5 h in group FM (p < 0.001), and 1 and 2.5 h in group M (p < 0.01), as compared to that determine at 0 h. Group C showed higher cortisol level during 0.5 h (p < 0.05) than that found in the other groups. Group FM displayed lower levels during 1 h (p < 0.01) and 2.5 h (p < 0.05) as compared to those observed in other groups. Concentrations of MDA, AOP and GSH between all the groups did not show any significant differences. MDA level was higher at 0.5 and 1 h in groupM (p < 0.05) than that found in group C and it was the lowest at 2.5 h in group C (p < 0.05). AOP was higher at 2.5 h in group FM and M (p < 0.05) than that observed in group C, and at 12 and 24 h in group M than that found in group C and FM. GSH did not show any significant differences between the groups. NO level in group FM after 12 h was higher (p < 0.05) than that at 0.5, 1 and 24 h. Moreover, NO level was lower at 0.5 (p < 0.01), 1 (p < 0.05) and 24 h (p < 0.05) in group FM than that observed in group C and M. In conclusion, flunixin meglumine decreases cortisol and NO levels more efficiently than meloxicam. Therefore, it is suggested that postoperative stress following ovariohysterectomy may be prevented by flunixin meglumine in bitches.

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Abstract 16321: Does Yoga Based Cardiac Rehabilitation (Yoga-CaRe) Programme Improve Endothelial Function and Reduce Oxidative Stress in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction?

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.142.suppl_3.16321 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽

Author(s):

Satish G Patil ◽

Christa Edmin ◽

Ambalam M Chandrasekaran ◽

Kalpana Singh ◽

Shankar Patil ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Nitric Oxide ◽

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Endothelial Function ◽

Standard Care ◽

Care Group ◽

Care Programme ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Anti Oxidant ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Introduction: Endothelial function and oxidative stress play a vital role in the prognosis following acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We evaluated the effect of Yoga-based Cardiac Rehabilitation (Yoga-CaRe) programme on markers of endothelial function and oxidative stress. Methods: Yoga-CaRe trial is a multi-centre randomized controlled trial. Participants with AMI were assessed for eligibility and following randomization, participants underwent Yoga-CaRe program (13 in-hospital sessions supervised by an instructor with encouragement to practice regularly at home) or enhanced standard care (3 educational sessions). We estimated asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), endothelial nitric oxide (eNOS), total nitric oxide concentration (NOx), endothelin-1 (ET-1), oxidized-LDL (Ox-LDL), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total anti-oxidant capacity (TAOC), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), C-reactive protein (CRP), P-Selectin, E-selectin, ICAM-1 and VCAM at baseline and at 12 weeks. Blood samples were collected as part of two sub-studies. All the laboratory analysis were conducted in a standardized laboratory. We used ANCOVA to assess the difference between the groups. Results: Eighty-two blood samples (43 in Yoga-CaRe and 39 in enhanced standard care) were included in the analysis. The mean age of participants was 52.5±10.6 years and 19.5% were females. At 12 weeks, Yoga-CaRe reduced ET-1 (p<0.001), ADMA (p=0.02) and ICMA-1 (p=0.019) and increased TAOC (p=0.03) than enhanced standard care group. Reduction in E-selectin (p=0.02) and VCAM (p=0.003) were higher in enhanced standard care than Yoga-CaRe group. We found no difference in other parameters. Conclusion: These results suggest that Yoga-CaRe may improve the endothelial function (through reduction in ET-1), anti-oxidant status and modulate adhesion molecules in patients following AMI. Our study was exploratory and the findings are intriguing. This needs evaluation in a larger trial.

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Comparison of Salivary Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress Status in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Healthy Pregnant Women

Endocrine Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1568026620666201022151059 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

Author(s):

Fatemeh Ahmadi-Motamayel ◽

Shima Fathi ◽

Mohammad Taghi Goodarzi ◽

Shiva Borzouei ◽

Jalal Poorolajal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Total Oxidative Stress ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Background: One of the most common complications of pregnant women is gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Oxidative stress can play an important role in GDM. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate salivary antioxidants and oxidative stress markers in GDM. Method: Twenty pregnant women with GDM and 20 healthy pregnant women with normal blood glucose test participated in this study. Five mL of unstimulated saliva samples were collected. Spectrophotometric assay was carried out for sialochemical analysis. Stata software was used for data analysis. Results: The GDM group exhibited no significant difference in salivary total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde compared to the healthy control group. All of antioxidants markers, the uric acid, total antioxidant, peroxidase and catalase, decreased in GDM group that the difference of peroxidase and catalase was statistically significant. All of oxidative stress markers, the salivary malondyaldehid, total oxidative stress and total thiol, increased in GDM group. GDM group exhibited significantly higher salivary total oxidative stress levels. Conclusion: Catalase level was significantly lower and total oxidative stress was significantly higher. These two markers might have significant importance and might exhibit early changes compared to other factors in GDM. . Some of salivary antioxidants might have diagnostic, prognostic or therapeutic implications in GDM. Other studies with large sample size on salivary and blood samples need to be done to confirm this properties and salivary samples using instead of blood samples in GDM biomarkers changes.

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Cholinesterase Activities and Oxidative Stress in Cattle Experimentally Exposed to Nitrate/Nitrite in Cultivated Pasture with Different Fertilization Schemes

Acta Scientiae Veterinariae ◽

10.22456/1679-9216.82068 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ricardo Christ ◽

Aleksandro Schafer Da Silva ◽

Mateus Eloir Grabriel ◽

Luan Cleber Henker ◽

Renan Augusto Cechin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Enzyme Activity ◽

Cholinesterase Activity ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Group 3 ◽

Cholinesterase Activities ◽

Group 2 ◽

Nitrate And Nitrite ◽

And Oxidative Stress ◽

Group 1

Background: Nitrate and nitrite poisoning is associated with pasture intake that has high nitrate levels and leads to acute methemoglobinemia. Pasture may accumulate nitrate under certain conditions, such as excessively fertilized soil or environmental conditions that enhance the N absorption (rain preceded by a period of drought). After ingestion of plants, this substrate reaches the rumen and, in physiological conditions, is reduced to nitrite and afterward to ammonia. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in cholinesterase activities and oxidative stress caused by subclinical poisoning for nitrate and nitrite in cattle fed with Pennisetum glaucum in three different fertilization schemes. Materials, Methods & Results: In order to perform the experimental poisoning, the pasture was cultivated in three different paddocks: with nitrogen topdressing (urea; group 1), organic fertilizer (group 2) or without fertilizer (group 3; control). Nitrate accumulation in forage was evaluated by the diphenylamine test. After food fasting of 12 h, nine bovine were randomly allocated to one of the experimental groups and fed with fresh forage (ad libitum) from respective paddock. In different time points from beginning of pasture intake (0, 2, 4, 6 and 9 h) heart rate and respiratory frequency were assessed, as well as mucous membrane color and behavioral changes. Blood samples from jugular vein into vials with and without anticoagulant were collected. From blood samples, serum nitrite levels, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzyme activity were evaluated, as well as oxidative stress through the following parameters: levels of nitrate/nitrite (NOx), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), beyond the antioxidant system by enzyme activity measurement of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The diphenylamine test was positive to group 1 and 2, so that the pasture presented 3.16 mg/kg, 2.98 mg/kg and 1.67 mg/kg of nitrate for group 1, 2 and 3, respectively. In addition, cows from group 1 demonstrated increased (P < 0.05) nitrite levels in serum, compared to other groups, and greater heart rate after 9 h (P < 0.05). The AChE and BChE activity in group 1 showed significant increase (P < 0.05) at 4 and 6 h (AChE), and 4 and 9 h (BChE) compared to group 3. Also, NOx levels were lower at 6 and 9 h (P < 0.05) and at 9 h (P < 0.05) for animals of group 1 and 2, respectively, when compared to group 3. Furthermore, in the group 1 levels of ROS and TBARS were significantly higher (P < 0.05) after 2 and 4 h, and 6 and 9 h compared to other groups, respectively. The CAT activity increased significantly (P < 0.05) with 2 and 4 h of the experiment, but on the other hand, decreased at 6 and 9 h in group 1. Nevertheless, the animals from group 2 presented only a significant reduction in this enzyme activity at 9 h. Furthermore, SOD activity was reduced in animals of groups 1 (P < 0.05) at 4, 6 and 9 h, compared to other groups. Discussion: It was concluded that the nitrate and nitrite poisoning by pasture intake cultivated and fertilized with urea leads to increased levels of serum nitrite, as well as the cholinesterase activity and causes oxidative stress in cattle. It is conjectured that the cholinesterase activity and oxidative stress may assist in understanding the pathophysiology of changes caused by poisoning.Keywords: plant toxicology, poisoning, methemoglobin, cholinergic system, oxidative stress.

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Tetrahydrocurcumin alleviates hypertension, aortic stiffening and oxidative stress in rats with nitric oxide deficiency

Hypertension Research ◽

10.1038/hr.2011.180 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 418-425 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Saowanee Nakmareong ◽

Upa Kukongviriyapan ◽

Poungrat Pakdeechote ◽

Veerapol Kukongviriyapan ◽

Bunkerd Kongyingyoes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Nitric Oxide ◽

Nitric Oxide Deficiency ◽

Aortic Stiffening ◽

And Oxidative Stress

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Mercury Exposure and Endothelial Dysfunction

International Journal of Toxicology ◽

10.1177/1091581815589766 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 300-307 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Swati Omanwar ◽

M. Fahim

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Nitric Oxide ◽

Endothelial Dysfunction ◽

Vascular Endothelium ◽

Circulatory System ◽

Vital Role ◽

Mercury Exposure ◽

And Function ◽

The Impact ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Vascular endothelium plays a vital role in the organization and function of the blood vessel and maintains homeostasis of the circulatory system and normal arterial function. Functional disruption of the endothelium is recognized as the beginning event that triggers the development of consequent cardiovascular disease (CVD) including atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. There is a growing data associating mercury exposure with endothelial dysfunction and higher risk of CVD. This review explores and evaluates the impact of mercury exposure on CVD and endothelial function, highlighting the interplay of nitric oxide and oxidative stress.

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