scholarly journals Dynamism Patterns of Western Mediterranean Cruise Ports and the Coopetition Relationships Between Major Cruise Ports

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeronimo Esteve-Perez ◽  
Antonio Garcia-Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Differentiated Products ◽  
Cruise Ship ◽  
Cruise Industry ◽  
Cooperative Relationships ◽  
Cruise Ships ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Cruise Lines

Abstract The Mediterranean Sea has seen an increase of ports hosting cruise ships during the first fifteen years of the 21st century. The increase in cruise ship presence in Mediterranean ports is associated with the dynamism of cruise traffic in recent years, with an average annual growth of 7.45% for cruise passengers worldwide during the period of 1990-2015. Cruise traffic is a maritime business that is primarily composed of two elements, maritime affairs and tourism. This article focuses on the maritime component. With the growth of the cruise industry, cruise lines have been forced to seek new ports to meet demand in an attempt to create differentiated products based on the ports that compose the itinerary. The itinerary system of cruise traffic makes the cruise ports depend on one another to design an itinerary. This feature results in both complex geographic relationships in the design of a cruise itinerary and complex competitive/cooperative relationships between ports. The aim of this article is to present the hierarchic picture of a sample of 29 cruise ports in the Western Mediterranean region during the period of 2000-2015. To achieve this goal, a port size classification is proposed and a shift-share analysis at the inter- and intra-group size level is applied. Moreover, concentration measures are used to determine the changes in the levels of market concentration. Furthermore, a dynamic model is proposed to determine the competitive or cooperative relationships between cruise ports. The proposed model is applied to the largest ports with data from the 2001-2015 period.

scholarly journals Apocalypse Now or Overreaction to Coronavirus: The Global Cruise Tourism Industry Crisis

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 6968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Radic ◽  
Rob Law ◽  
Michael Lück ◽  
Haesang Kang ◽  
Antonio Ariza-Montes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Cruise Ship ◽  
Cruise Industry ◽  
Cruise Ships ◽  
Cruise Tourism ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Systematic Failure ◽  
Cruise Lines

The current COVID-19 cruise tourism crisis has evolved to epic proportions and placed some of the cruise lines on the verge of bankruptcy. This research aimed to gain a deeper understanding of the crisis. Using an inductive qualitative approach, interviews were conducted with eight frequent cruisers who were at home and eight cruise ship employees who were employed by various cruise companies and who were working on cruise ships during the COVID-19 cruise tourism crisis. The findings revealed a systematic failure within the cruise industry management to understand the COVID-19 pandemic. Results of this study highlight the importance of health-related perceived risks on the nature and impact of the COVID-19 cruise tourism crisis. This study supports the overall theory of cruise tourism and crisis management by extending the chaos theory and its principals on the COVID-19 cruise tourism crisis. The managerial implications for cruise lines are outlined.

scholarly journals Sustainable Cruise Tourism in Marine World Heritage Sites

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee K. Cerveny ◽  
Anna Miller ◽  
Scott Gende
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Air Emissions ◽  
Cruise Ship ◽  
World Heritage Sites ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Cruise Ships ◽  
Cruise Tourism ◽  
Industry Sectors ◽  
Cruise Lines

Cruise-ship tourism is one of the fastest growing industry sectors, with itineraries that regularly visit marine parks and protected areas. UNESCO Marine World Heritage (MWH) Sites feature some of the world’s most exceptional ecosystems, resulting in some cruise lines targeting these sites. To understand the extent of cruise ship visitation and determine perceptions of cruise ship sustainability within and across environmental, economic, and sociocultural dimensions, we conducted an online survey of 45 (out of 50) sites. The survey included responses about the characteristics of cruise ship visitation, strategies for sustainably managing ships, and ideas for encouraging sustainable practices. Among the 45 respondents, 30 (67%) indicated that their MWH site hosts cruise ships or cruise ship passengers, and 25 sites have cruise ships that enter the protected area marine waters. Most sites (62%) indicated an increase in cruise visitation over the last three years. While most sites regulate ballast water (73%) and wastewater (73%) discharge, common concerns focused on ship air emissions and wildlife interactions. Lack of funds generated by cruise ships toward community infrastructure was noted. MWH site managers expressed interest in developing site networks to facilitate sharing of ideas as a first step for increasing sustainability across all sites.

Responsible Tourism and the Cruise Industry by Harold Goodwin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
International Association ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Cruise Industry ◽  
Cruise Ships ◽  
National Governments ◽  
Cruise Lines ◽  
Responsible Tourism

The growth of the cruise industry raises significant challenges for the three pillars of the sustainability agenda: environmental, socio-cultural and economic. These problems compounded by issues of extra-territoriality and conflicts between local authorities and national governments. Venice and Barcelona suffer from overtourism, a problem exacerbated by the arrival of larger and larger cruise ships which discharge thousands of tourists daily into cities already crowded with tourists. Neither city has any control over the number of ships docking. By contrast, the Mayor of Dubrovnik was able to sign an agreement with the Cruise Lines International Association (CLIA) to cap the number of cruise ships to two per day carrying a total of 5,000 tourists.

scholarly journals The Negative Impact of the Cruising Industry on the Environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
Tatjana Špoljarić
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cruise Ship ◽  
Industry Growth ◽  
Cruise Industry ◽  
Cruise Ships ◽  
Dynamic Growth ◽  
Secondary Data Sources ◽  
In The Beginning

Tourism and travel make a vital contribution to the global economy and are considered particularly important for developing countries. The cruise industry, as part of the tourist offer, created in the beginning by demand from North America, had a dynamic growth for over nearly 40 years. Many studies show that today there is still an increased demand for a form of vacation spent on a cruise ship. For this reason, new cruise destinations are increasingly being developed and cruise ships are getting bigger, which has an increasing impact on the environment. The paper explores the causes and consequences of dynamic cruise industry growth on environment. The aim of the research is to identify the challenges facing the cruising industry when it comes to environmental impact. The research was conducted on the basis of available secondary data sources.

scholarly journals Balinese Women in The Cruise Ships Tourism Industry

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Made Darma Oka ◽  
Made Antara ◽  
I Gede Mudana
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Economic Implication ◽  
Cruise Ship ◽  
Social Implication ◽  
Cruise Industry ◽  
Cruise Ships ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Government

As one of the most popular destinations for international tourists, Bali has attracted a sizeable and growing labor force in the tourism sector of the economy. This fact has triggered Balinese labor force to participate in such service industry. As a supplier of tourism labor force Bali has been increasingly successful in promoting the number of workers to be employed on cruise ships. The participation rate of Balinese women in cruise industry over the last four years has dramatically increased. The Balinese women’s participation in cruise ship employment has brought major implications for their life and culture. Generally, the present study aimed to provide an overview of Balinese women employed on board of a cruise ship. More specifically, it examined (1) the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats faced by Balinese women working in cruise industry, (2) factors influencing them to work in the industry, and (3) the implications brought by such employment for their life and society. The present study used quantitative and qualitative data collected through economic, social, and cultural approach. The sample was comprised of 200 respondents selected using accidental sampling method. To answer the research questions, data collection was conducted through observation, interviews, as well as focus group discussion (FGD). The data on the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats faced by Balinese women on board of a cruise ship were analyzed using SWOT analysis, whereas the data on the factors influencing them to work in the cruise industry were analyzed using factor analysis. Finally, qualitative analysis was employed to analyze the data on the economic, social, and cultural implications for their life. The analysis showed that: (1) Balinese women were employed on board of a cruise linerpredominantly as support staff. The strengths of Balinese women cruise ship workers included being friendly, always smiling, being honest, being loyal, being responsible, and being highly skilled. Their weaknesses included having low motivation to get a high position, having low English proficiency level, and having insufficient self-confidence. The job opportunities were still high since women were generally reluctant to work in the cruise industry. The threats they faced included the lack of concern on the part of the government, agents providing poor services and unjustly treating applicants. (2) The factors influencing Balinese women to work in the cruise industry were of economic, social, and cultural. (3) The implications brought by the cruise ship employment for Balinese women were divided into three: economic implication, social implication, and cultural implication. Economic implication refers to their ability to help increase their family income. (b) Social implication refers to the fact that through employment in the cruise industry they could elevate their and their family social status. Lastly, (3) cultural implication refers to their contribution to the preservation of their own culture (i.e. Balinese culture).

scholarly journals Key Factors Driving the Demand for Cruising and Challenges Facing the Cruise Industry in the Future

Tourism ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-100
Author(s):  
Doris Peručić ◽  
Marijana Greblički
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Market Segments ◽  
Cruise Industry ◽  
Cruise Ships ◽  
Cruise Tourism ◽  
Travel Industry ◽  
Cruise Lines

Cruises were the fastest growing sector in the travel industry. The rapid growth in demand was created originally by demand from North America, more recently Europe, and finally the rest of the world, China and Australia in particular. One of the main reasons for the rapid development and growth in popularity of cruises is that the cruise lines were successfully adapting to new travel trends delivering cruise ships with facilities and experiences tailored to the needs of travellers from all market segments. The corona crisis hit the cruise industry heavily and disrupted all plans, schedules and forecasts. This paper aims to analyze which factors were driving the demand for cruising on the world's leading source markets and the challenges facing the industry in a post-pandemic world. The findings show that the rapid growth in demand of cruise tourism was due to several factors, including the long-term growth in consumers’ disposable income, the adaptation of products to the requirements of new source markets and different market segments, more cruise capacity in new regions, and the development of national cruise brands.

Protecting Victims or Protecting the Brand? Secondary Victimization and Cruise Ship Crime

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110358
Author(s):  
Morgan Wilson ◽  
Natalia Hanley
Keyword(s):  
Justice System ◽  
Mandatory Reporting ◽  
Cruise Ship ◽  
Crime Victimization ◽  
Sexual Offences ◽  
Secondary Victimization ◽  
Cruise Industry ◽  
Cruise Ships ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Victims Of Crime

It is now widely recognized that victims of crime in general, and victims of sexual offences in particular, commonly experience secondary victimization resulting from dismissive, poor, and sometimes retraumatizing treatment when they encounter the formal criminal justice system. However, little is known about victims’ experiences when initially reporting crime outside of the formal justice system, for example crime that occurs during cruise ship holidays. The cruise industry is the fastest growing tourism sector. The total number of passengers onboard cruise ships internationally was expected to reach 30 million in 2019. There is limited reliable data about how many people experience crime onboard cruise ships, though crime victimization does occur. While victimization onboard cruise ships has received some attention, there is a dearth of evidence about when and how victims report crime, how victims are treated when they report their experience of crime to cruise ship companies, or the justice outcomes. Nor does the available data address whether victims of crime from diverse social groups are treated differently by cruise companies. Drawing on qualitative accounts produced by primary and secondary victims of crime onboard cruise ships, it is argued that as well as the known challenges that victims face, the addition of brand protection can compound cruise ship victims’ experiences of secondary victimization. Secondary victimization refers to additional, or compounded harms experienced because of social or systemic responses to their experience of crime. There are three key implications of these findings: greater understanding of crime victims’ experiences should be developed via refined, mandatory reporting of crime onboard cruise ships, and robust qualitative research; cruise ship staff need improved specialized training in responding to victims of crime, and legislation should be considered mandating an independent authority onboard cruise ships to receive, investigate and monitor victimization reports and responses.

The development of cruise tourism in emerging destinations: Evidence from Salento, Italy

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Pino ◽  
Alessandro M Peluso
Keyword(s):  
Tourism Development ◽  
Integrated Services ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Cruise Industry ◽  
Cooperative Relationships ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Key Players ◽  
Cruise Tourism ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Cruise Lines

This study aimed at identifying the factors that likely favor or hinder the development of cruise tourism in an emerging Southern Italian tourist destination. We conducted semistructured interviews with key players in this business, showing that the following are relevant enablers of cruise tourism development: the accessibility of tourist resources, the supply of integrated services to cruise lines and their passengers, cooperative relationships among private and public operators, and the creation of a distinctive image. However, cruise tourism development can be inhibited by poor professionalism on the part of tourist firms, the lack of a clear tourist regulatory framework, the fragmentation of the shore-based offer, and the risk of environmental degradation. The study thus contributes to the research on cruise tourism development, which is still in its infancy, and provides policymakers and practitioners with suggestions for facilitating the emergence of the cruise industry.

Potential of Arabic documentary sources for reconstructing past climate in the western Mediterranean region from AD 680 to 1815

The Holocene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 095968362110332
Author(s):  
Yassin Meklach ◽  
Chantal Camenisch ◽  
Abderrahmane Merzouki ◽  
Ricardo Garcia Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Climate Extremes ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Historical Documents ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Climate Proxies

Archival records and historical documents offer direct observation of weather and atmospheric conditions and have the highest temporal and spatial resolution, and precise dating, of the available climate proxies. They also provide information about variables such as temperature, precipitation and climate extremes, as well as floods, droughts and storms. The present work studied Arab-Islamic documentary sources covering the western Mediterranean region (documents written by Arab-Islamic historians that narrate social, political and religious history) available for the period AD 680–1815. They mostly provide information on hydrometeorological events. In Iberia the most intense droughts were reported during AD 747–753, AD 814–822, AD 846–847, AD 867–874 and AD 914–915 and in the Maghreb AD 867–873, AD 898–915, AD 1104–1147, AD 1280–1340 and AD 1720–1815 had prevalent drought conditions. Intense rain episodes are also reported.

Sustainable cruise ship employment for the Caribbean region – a conceptual perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheree-Ann Adams
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cruise Ships ◽  
Training Standards ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Cruise Lines

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the opportunities and approaches needed to ensure the long-term sustainability of cruise companies as a source of employment for Caribbean nationals. Design/methodology/approach The format is one of a concept paper and not a review of primary data collected, but based on the authors observations, industry knowledge and review of secondary literature available in the public domain. Findings Some recommendations are made as to the facilitation of this concept in sustainable cruise employment for the Caribbean region that will provide not only economic sustainability but also social benefits to the Caribbean region at large through poverty reduction through employment and global travel exposure. Practical implications The paper puts forth a proposal for a centralized organization representative of the multiple stakeholders within the Caribbean Cruise community: to manage and facilitate a fund to assist Caribbean nationals desirous of working on cruise ships and to meet the necessary standards of training not only in hospitality qualifications but also in basic training standards of safety, security and watch keeping for seafarers. Social implications The employment opportunities for Caribbean persons on cruise ships have not been fully exploited with the majority of Caribbean nationals working on cruise ships found predominately within the Royal Caribbean Cruise Lines, Celebrity Cruises, Norwegian Cruise Lines and Carnival Corporation brands based in the USA. Originality/value This paper provides readers with insight into the existing Caribbean employment and shipboard employment scenarios, with the view of presenting an option for stimulating and supporting sustainable employment on cruise ships for Caribbean nationals.

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