scholarly journals Occurrence of Strongyloides papillosus associated with extensive pulmonary lesions and sudden deaths in calves on a beef farm in a highland area of South Bohemia (Czech Republic)

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kváč ◽  
J. Vítovec
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Highland Area ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Beef Herds ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltrates ◽  
South Bohemia

AbstractPrevalence and intensities of excretion of Strongyloides papillosus eggs were determined in a highland area of South Bohemia (Czech Republic) in cattle of beef herds under three types of management systems (pasture, semipasture, cowshed during winter season). Strongyloides papillosus infection was found on 6 of 9 examined farms and from the 1902 fecal samples, 4.3 % were positive. Eggs excretion intensities were generally low. The high prevalence (57 %) and high intensities of excretion (more than 5.000 EPG) were found on one cowshed farm associated with 25 % mortality of calves without previous clinical signs was observed. Pulmonary pathological changes caused by migration of larvae were histologically characterized as suppurative granulomatous inflammation with young connective tissue and predominance of eosinophils in inflammatory infiltrates. The cause of death of calves was determined as the sudden death syndrome.

scholarly journals Porcine Gammaherpesviruses in Italian Commercial Swine Population: Frequent but Harmless

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Giovanni Franzo ◽  
Michele Drigo ◽  
Matteo Legnardi ◽  
Laura Grassi ◽  
Maria Luisa Menandro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Swine Population ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Differently from alpha- and betaherpesviruses affecting swine, interest in the recently discovered Suid gammaherpesvirus 3, Suid gammaherpesvirus 4, and Suid gammaherpesvirus 5, also known as porcine lymphotropic herpesviruses (PLHV-1, PLHV-2, and PLHV-3), has largely focused on their role as potential zoonotic agents in cases of xenotransplantation. However, their role as primary pathogens of swine or as co-factors for other lymphotropic infections has essentially been neglected. The present study aims at filling this gap, evaluating the association between PLHVs infection and different clinical conditions and/or porcine circovirus (PCV) co-infection. One hundred seventy-six samples were obtained from different animals located in a high-density pig area of Northern Italy in the period 2017–2020. The presence of PLHVs and PCVs was tested and quantified by specific real-time PCR: PLHVs were widespread among pigs (PLHV-1, PLHV-2, and PLHV-3 prevalence was 28.97%, 10.79%, and 4.54%, respectively) and detected in all considered tissues and clinical conditions. Frequent co-infections were also observed among PLHVs and with PCVs, although a significant association was not detected with the exception of a positive interaction between PLHV-1 and PLHV-3, and a negative one between PLHV-2 and PCV-2. Significantly, no association between PLHVs, alone or in co-infection, emerged with any of the considered clinical signs, their frequency being comparable between healthy and diseased animals. Based on these pieces of evidence and despite their high prevalence, PLHVs’ relevance for the swine industry appears negligible, either as primary pathogens or as predisposing factors for circovirus-induced diseases.

scholarly journals Swine Inflammation and Necrosis Syndrome (SINS)

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1670
Author(s):  
Gerald Reiner ◽  
Josef Kuehling ◽  
Frederik Loewenstein ◽  
Mirjam Lechner ◽  
Sabrina Becker
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Defence Mechanisms ◽  
Newborn Piglets ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Molecular Patterns ◽  
Tail Damage

Tail biting is a prevalent and undesirable behaviour in pigs and a major source of significant reduction in well-being. However, focusing on biting considers only one part of the solution, because tail damage can be found with a high prevalence without any action by other pigs. The lesions are not limited to the tail but can also be found in the ears, heels, soles, claw coronary bands, teats, navel, vulva, and face. Environmental improvement alone often fails to overcome the problem. This review addresses a new inflammation and necrosis syndrome in swine (SINS). It shows the clinical signs and the frequencies of occurrence in different age groups. It compiles scientific evidence from clinical and histopathological studies in newborn piglets that argue for a primary endogenous aetiology of the disease. Bringing together the findings of a broad body of research, the possible mechanisms leading to the disease are identified and then discussed. This part will especially focus on microbe-associated molecular patterns in the circulation and their role in activating defence mechanisms and inflammation. Finally, the methods are identified to ameliorate the problem by optimizing husbandry and selecting a suitable breeding stock.

scholarly journals High Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in Pregnant Korean Women: The First Trimester and the Winter Season as Risk Factors for Vitamin D Deficiency

Nutrients ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 3427-3448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rihwa Choi ◽  
Seonwoo Kim ◽  
Heejin Yoo ◽  
Yoon Cho ◽  
Sun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Korean Women ◽  
High Prevalence

scholarly journals Bird Lice (Mallophaga, Philopteridae, Menoponidae) of Domestic Pigeons on Specialized Pigeon Breeding Farms in Poltava

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 487-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. O. Kolomak ◽  
O. V. Kruchynenko
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Host Body ◽  
Closed Type ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Breeding Farms ◽  
Domestic Pigeons ◽  
Pigeon Breeding

Abstract The species composition of pigeon lice parasitic on pigeons of ornamental breeds on the specialized closed-type farm (Poltava) was studied. Five species of these ectoparasites were registered: Columbicola columbae Linnaeus, 1758, Campanulotes compar Burmeister, 1838, (Philopteridae, Ischnocera), Bonomiella columbae Emerson, 1957, Hohorstiella lata Piaget, 1880 and Neocolpocephalus turbinatum (Denny, 1842) (Menoponidae, Amblycera). For each species, the data on infection prevalence, intensity and abundance were obtained. High prevalence of infection was registered for all pigeon lice species, while the intensity and, especially, the abundance were considerably different. C. columbae turned out to be the most abundant. B. columbae was rather common. The peculiarities of pigeon lice species localization on the host body were investigated. During the intensive infection of pigeons with lice, the complex of clinical signs is manifested, which testifies about considerable effect of these parasites on the host. The highest pathogenicity is characteristic for H. lata, which usually feeds on blood and lymph.

scholarly journals Clinical signs of trachoma are prevalent among Solomon Islanders who have no persistent markers of prior infection with Chlamydia trachomatis

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Robert Butcher ◽  
Oliver Sokana ◽  
Kelvin Jack ◽  
Leslie Sui ◽  
Charles Russell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
World Health ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Health Organization

Background: The low population-prevalence of trachomatous trichiasis and high prevalence of trachomatous inflammation–follicular (TF) provide contradictory estimates of the magnitude of the public health threat from trachoma in the Solomon Islands. Improved characterisation of the biology of trachoma in the region may support policy makers as they decide what interventions are required. Here, age-specific profiles of anti-Pgp3 antibodies and conjunctival scarring were examined to determine whether there is evidence of ongoing transmission and pathology from ocular Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) infection. Methods: A total of 1511 individuals aged ≥1 year were enrolled from randomly selected households in 13 villages in which >10% of children aged 1–9 years had TF prior to a single round of azithromycin mass drug administration undertaken six months previously. Blood was collected to be screened for antibodies to the Ct antigen Pgp3. Tarsal conjunctival photographs were collected for analysis of scarring severity. Results: Anti-Pgp3 seropositivity was 18% in 1–9 year olds, sharply increasing around the age of sexual debut to reach 69% in those over 25 years. Anti-Pgp3 seropositivity did not increase significantly between the ages of 1–9 years and was not associated with TF (p=0.581) or scarring in children (p=0.472). Conjunctival scars were visible in 13.1% of photographs. Mild (p<0.0001) but not severe (p=0.149) scars increased in prevalence with age. Conclusions: Neither conjunctival scars nor lymphoid follicles were associated with antibodies to Ct, suggesting that they are unlikely to be a direct result of ocular Ct infection. Clinical signs of trachoma were prevalent in this population but were not indicative of the underlying rates of Ct infection. The current World Health Organization guidelines for trachoma elimination indicated that this population should receive intervention with mass distribution of antibiotics, but the data presented here suggest that this may not have been appropriate.

scholarly journals Study on prevalence of bovine diseases at sadar upazila in dinajpur district of Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 446-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moktar Omar Mohammed ◽  
Md Shajedur Rahman ◽  
Md Fazlul Hoque ◽  
Nazmi Ara Rumi ◽  
Osman Hassan Afrah
Keyword(s):  
Venereal Disease ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Cattle Diseases ◽  
The Status

The study was conducted to investigate the status of cattle diseases with relation to seasonal variation in Dinajpur district of Bangladesh. A total of 11402 clinical cases were registered for the clinical diagnosis and therapeutic purposes at sadar upazila veterinary hospital in Dinajpur district of Bangladesh during the period of March, 2016 to February, 2017. Disease diagnosis was made on the basis of owner’s statement, general examination and clinical signs. Diagnosed diseases were categorized as general clinical disorders, parasitic diseases, viral diseases, bacterial diseases, venereal disease, and metabolic disorders. According to study the highest (64.15%) prevalence was by parasitic disease followed by bacterial diseases (10.67%), viral diseases (8.97%), metabolic disease (7.61%), and venereal disease (6.60%). In respect of seasons, the prevalence of both bacterial diseases and viral diseases were significantly (p<0.01) higher (13.88%) and (12.10%) in summer season respectively. Whereas the parasitic diseases were significantly (p<0.01) higher (68.65%) in winter season. On the basis of season, it was found that the overall prevalence of diseases was highest in summer season (47.87%) followed by rainy season (30.10%) and comparatively lower in winter season (22.03%).Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2017, 3(4): 446-453

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