Research of enzyme activity changes in the antioxidant system and the state of NO-system in patients with colon cancer

The article presents experimental data on the state of the antioxidant system in red blood cells of white outbred rats 1 and 3 months after acute mercury nitrate poisoning with a semilethal dose. It has been established that this form of intoxication is accompanied by pronounced changes in the state of the antioxidant defense system in erythrocytes of poisoned animals (a decrease in the concentration of reduced glutathione, a decrease in the activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, and an increase in the concentration of lipid peroxidation products).It has been shown that the mercury content in the blood of experimental animals remains elevated during the entire study period.The results obtained indicate the importance of impaired functioning of the antioxidant system in the implementation of long-term consequences of acute mercury poisoning. The reasons for the occurrence of these biochemical shifts and their role in the development of the long-term cytotoxic effects of mercury nitrate are discussed.

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Вплив хлориду кадмію на стан антиоксидантної системи у печінці щурів

Вісник Полтавської державної аграрної академії ◽

10.31210/visnyk2013.02.28 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 102-103

Author(s):

Б. В. Гутий

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Enzyme Activity ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Antioxidant System ◽

Cadmium Chloride

Розкрито особливості антиоксидантної системиорганізму щурів за хронічного кадмієвого токсикозу.Встановлено, що хлорид кадмію у токсичній дозісприяє зниженню активності ферментної й нефер-ментної системи антиоксидантного захисту, на щовказує зниження ферментів глутатіонпероксидази,глутатіонредуктази, супероксиддисмутази, катала-зи та відновленого глутатіону у печінці щурів. Ре-зультати досліджень вказують на те, що хронічнийкадмієвий токсикоз призводить до посиленої акти-вації процесів ліпопероксидації. The features of the antioxidant system of rats with chronic cadmium toxicosiare disclosed. It wasresearched that cadmium chloride in toxic doses reduces enzyme activity of antioxidant system, asindicated by the decrease in enzyme glutathione peroxidase, hlutationreduktazy, superoxide dismutase,catalase and restored glutathione in the liver and blood of rats. The results indicate that chroniccadmium toxicosis leads to enhanced activation of lipid peroxidation.

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THE STATE OF THE ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM OF THE INTERNAL ORGANS IN RATS DURING BURN DISEASE

Bulletin of Siberian Medicine ◽

10.20538/1682-0363-2014-3-51-55 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 51-55

Author(s):

L. G. Netyukhailo ◽

T. A. Sukhomlin ◽

Ya. A. Basarab ◽

V. V. Bondarenko ◽

S. V. Kharchenko

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Free Radical ◽

Salivary Glands ◽

Antioxidant System ◽

The State ◽

Antioxidant Systems ◽

Free Radical Processes ◽

Burn Disease ◽

Radical Processes

The objective of research was to study the state of prooxidant and antioxidant systems in the tissues of the lungs, kidneys, pancreas and salivary glands at burn disease. The intensity of the free radical processes was evaluated on the basis of the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant system – based on the indexes of its enzymatic chain: superoxide dismutase and catalase in homogenates of the studied organs. It has been found that changes in experimental burn disease depend on the studied organs and the stage of burn disease. The activation of free radical processes observed in all investigated organs (lungs, kidneys, pancreas and salivary glands). Reactive oxygen species induce lipid peroxidation, which is a universal marker of tissue damage. MDA appears in the body during degradation of polyunsaturated fatty acids and it’s a marker of lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress. It was found the increasing of MDA in all organs, especially in the lungs and kidneys at stage of burn shock. Under these conditions it was observed the decrease of superoxide dismutase and catalase in all investigated organs. At burn disease there is development of disbalance between the action of prooxidant and antioxidant systems due to the activation of free radical processes.

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Pharmaceutical Products and Pesticides Toxicity Associated with Microplastics (Polyvinyl Chloride) in Artemia salina

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182010773 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (20) ◽

pp. 10773

Author(s):

María Gemma Albendín ◽

Vanessa Aranda ◽

María Dolores Coello ◽

Carmen González-Gómez ◽

Rocío Rodríguez-Barroso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activity ◽

Polyvinyl Chloride ◽

Cholinesterase Activity ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Artemia Salina ◽

Pharmaceutical Products ◽

The State ◽

Neurotoxic Effect ◽

Chronic Effects ◽

Acute And Chronic Effects

Pharmaceutical products, as well as insecticides and antimicrobials, have been extensively studied, but knowledge of their effects—especially those caused by their mixtures with microplastics—on aquatic organisms remains limited. However, it should be borne in mind that the state of knowledge on acute and chronic effects in aquatic organisms for pharmaceuticals and pesticides is not similar. In response, this investigation analyzed the presence of microplastics (polyvinyl chloride) and their impacts on the toxicity of chlorpyrifos (an insecticide) and triclosan (an antibacterial) when they coincide in the environment, alongside the two most consumed drugs of their type (hypolipemic and anticonvulsant, respectively), namely simvastatin and carbamazepine, in Artemia salina. LC50 and cholinesterase enzyme activity were calculated to determine the possible neurotoxicity associated with emergent contaminants in the treatments. The LC50 values obtained were 0.006 mg/dm3 for chlorpyrifos, 0.012 mg/dm3 for chlorpyrifos associated with microplastics, 4.979 mg/dm3 for triclosan, 4.957 mg/dm3 for triclosan associated with microplastics, 9.35 mg/dm3 for simvastatin, 10.29 mg/dm3 for simvastatin associated with microplastics, 43.25 mg/dm3 for carbamazepine and 46.50 mg/dm3 for carbamazepine associated with microplastics in acute exposure. These results indicate that the presence of microplastics in the medium reduces toxicity, considering the LC50 values. However, exposure to chlorpyrifos and carbamazepine, both alone and associated with microplastics, showed a decline in cholinesterase activity, confirming their neurotoxic effect. Nevertheless, no significant differences were observed with the biomarker cholinesterase between the toxicant and the toxicant with microplastics.

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Effect of coconut cake on the bacterial enzyme activity in 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine induced colon cancer

Clinica Chimica Acta ◽

10.1016/j.cccn.2004.01.001 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 342 (1-2) ◽

pp. 203-210 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Namasivayam Nalini ◽

Vaiyapuri Manju ◽

Venugopal P. Menon

Keyword(s):

Colon Cancer ◽

Enzyme Activity ◽

Bacterial Enzyme

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Does competition between soybeans and Wild Poinsettia with low-level resistance or susceptibility to glyphosate affect physiology and secondary metabolism?

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n3p1133 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (3) ◽

pp. 1133 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

André Da Rosa Ulguim ◽

Dirceu Agostinetto ◽

Claudia De Oliveira ◽

Queli Ruchel ◽

Jessica Dias Gomes da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activity ◽

Antioxidant System ◽

Photosynthetic Pigment ◽

Control Plant ◽

Cellular Damage ◽

Photosynthetic Parameters ◽

Pure Stand ◽

Replacement Series ◽

Low Level ◽

Soybean Plants

The Wild Poinsettia (Euphorbia heterophylla L.) has elevated potential to reduce the soybean yield and is a difficult to control plant due to herbicide resistance. The objectives of this study were to determine the changes in the photosynthetic physiological parameters, secondary metabolite levels, cellular damage, and antioxidant system activity in soybean plants and Wild Poinsettia biotypes with a low level of resistance or susceptibility to glyphosate in competition with soybeans. Two replacement series experiments were conducted in a greenhouse under competition between soybeans and the low-level resistant biotype (experiment I) or susceptible biotype (experiment II). The treatments consisted of different proportions of soybean plants and Wild Poinsettia [100:0 (pure stand of soybean), 50:50, and 0:100 (pure stand of Wild Poinsettia)] and different evaluation periods (the 2013/14 and 2014/15 growing seasons). The following parameters were analyzed: the chlorophyll, carotenoid (CRT), total phenol, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and lipid peroxidation levels and the catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity. Generally, competition between the soybeans and the Wild Poinsettia biotypes did not alter the photosynthetic parameters or the photosynthetic pigment levels of the crop. For the weed biotypes, competition with the soybeans negatively affected photosynthesis. Greater losses of chlorophylls and CRTs were observed for the susceptible biotype when in competition with soybeans, whereas the opposite trend was observed for the biotype with a low level of resistance. No cellular damage or alterations in antioxidant system enzyme activity was observed, which indicated a lack of oxidative stress.

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Interaction of solvents with membranal and soluble potassium ion-dependent enzymes

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj1160049 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 116 (1) ◽

pp. 49-54 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

M. Mayer ◽

Y. Avi-Dor

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activity ◽

Pyruvate Kinase ◽

Solvent Effects ◽

Adenosine Triphosphatase ◽

The State ◽

Dimethyl Sulphoxide ◽

The Other ◽

Enzyme Structure ◽

Wide Range ◽

Muscle Pyruvate Kinase

The effects of dimethyl sulphoxide and glycerol on ox brain microsomal Na++K+-stimulated adenosine triphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.3), K+-stimulated p-nitrophenyl phosphatase and K+-dependent muscle pyruvate kinase (EC 2.7.1.40) were studied. Dimethyl sulphoxide at concentrations below 20% (v/v) was found to stimulate the p-nitrophenyl phosphatase and pyruvate kinase by increasing their affinity for K+ but to inhibit the Na++K+-stimulated adenosine triphosphatase. The latter enzyme activity was also inhibited by glycerol, which like dimethyl sulphoxide, stimulated the K+-activated p-nitrophenyl phosphatase at a wide range of concentrations. The solvent effects were promptly reversed by dilution. Similarity was found between glycerol and dimethyl sulphoxide, on one hand, and ATP, on the other, in their stimulatory effect and their ability to increase the ouabain- and oligomycin-sensitivity of the K+-stimulated p-nitrophenyl phosphatase. However, only the solvents, not the ATP, increased the binding of K+ by the microsomes. From the above findings it is suggested that solvents may act on K+-dependent enzymes by altering the state of solvation of the activating cation as well as by changing the enzyme structure.

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