scholarly journals Prevalence of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Antibodies in Domestic and Game Animals from Eastern Poland

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Cisak ◽  
Angelina Wójcik-Fatla ◽  
Jacek Sroka ◽  
Violetta Zając ◽  
Ewa Bilska-Zając ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Rate ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
High Response Rate ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Positive Results

Abstract Serum samples from 123 cattle, 95 wild boars, and 43 deer (red deer, roe deer, and fallow deer) from the territory of eastern Poland were examined by the ELISA for the presence of specific antibodies against tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV). The rates of positive response in the animals were 4.1%, 16.8%, and 11.6%, respectively. Examination of 37 blood samples from deer with RT-PCR revealed only one positive result in a roe deer (2.7%). The relatively high serologic response rate in wild boars was due to a very high response rate (35.7%) in the Chełm district, which accounted for 94% of the total positive results. These findings seem to indicate that the Chełm district is most probably an endemic area of TBEV.

scholarly journals Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus in Ticks and Roe Deer, the Netherlands

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1028-1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Setareh Jahfari ◽  
Ankje de Vries ◽  
Jolianne M. Rijks ◽  
Steven Van Gucht ◽  
Harry Vennema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus

High prevalence of West Nile virus in equines from the two provinces of Pakistan

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (9) ◽  
pp. 1931-1935 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. ZOHAIB ◽  
M. SAQIB ◽  
C. BECK ◽  
M. H. HUSSAIN ◽  
S. LOWENSKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Elisa Kit ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus

SUMMARYThis study describes the first large-scale serosurvey on West Nile virus (WNV) conducted in the equine population in Pakistan. Sera were collected from 449 equids from two provinces of Pakistan during 2012–2013. Equine serum samples were screened using a commercial ELISA kit detecting antibodies against WNV and related flaviviruses. ELISA-positive samples were further investigated using virus-specific microneutralization tests (MNTs) to identify infections with Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), WNV and tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV). Anti-WNV antibodies were detected in 292 samples by ELISA (seroprevalence 65·0%) and WNV infections were confirmed in 249 animals by MNT. However, there was no animal found infected by JEV or TBEV. The detection of WNV-seropositive equines in Pakistan strongly suggests a widespread circulation of WNV in Pakistan.

scholarly journals West Nile Virus and Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Are Endemic in Equids in Eastern Austria

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1873
Author(s):  
Phebe de Heus ◽  
Jolanta Kolodziejek ◽  
Zdenĕk Hubálek ◽  
Katharina Dimmel ◽  
Victoria Racher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Eastern Austria ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus

The emergence of West Nile virus (WNV) and Usutu virus (USUV) in addition to the autochthonous tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) in Europe causes rising concern for public and animal health. The first equine case of West Nile neuroinvasive disease in Austria was diagnosed in 2016. As a consequence, a cross-sectional seroprevalence study was conducted in 2017, including 348 equids from eastern Austria. Serum samples reactive by ELISA for either flavivirus immunoglobulin G or M were further analyzed with the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT-80) to identify the specific etiologic agent. Neutralizing antibody prevalences excluding vaccinated equids were found to be 5.3% for WNV, 15.5% for TBEV, 0% for USUV, and 1.2% for WNV from autochthonous origin. Additionally, reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed to detect WNV nucleic acid in horse sera and was found to be negative in all cases. Risk factor analysis did not identify any factors significantly associated with seropositivity.

scholarly journals Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Antibodies in Roe Deer, the Netherlands

2109 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 342-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolianne M. Rijks ◽  
Margriet G.E. Montizaan ◽  
Nine Bakker ◽  
Ankje de Vries ◽  
Steven Van Gucht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus

scholarly journals Microbiological outcomes associated with low leukocyte counts in cerebrospinal fluid

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Wald ◽  
S Merisor ◽  
P Zachary ◽  
O Augereau ◽  
S Gravier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Leukocyte Counts ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Positive Results

Abstract The significance of low leukocyte counts in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) remains unclear. We performed a two-year retrospective study to examine microbiological outcomes associated with CSF leukocytes at 6–10/mm 3. Of the 178 samples examined, we detected positive results for 11 samples, including 5 cases of Tick-borne encephalitis virus infection.

scholarly journals First identification of tick-borne encephalitis in Denmark outside of Bornholm, August 2009

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (36) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Fomsgaard ◽  
C B Christiansen ◽  
R Bødker
Keyword(s):  
Ixodes Ricinus ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Tick Bites ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
First Report ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Clinical Cases

The incidence of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in Scandinavia is increasing and spreading geographically. Following two clinical cases of TBE hospitalised after tick bites in northern Zealand, Denmark, specific IgM and IgG antibodies against tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) were demonstrated in acute serum samples of these patients. TBEV was identified by RT-PCR in ticks collected from the same location. This is the first report of TBEV in Ixodes ricinus leading to clinical cases in Denmark outside of Bornholm island.

scholarly journals Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus, Coxiella burnetii & Brucella spp. in Milk, Kazakhstan

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Hay ◽  
Christina Farris ◽  
Phil Elzer ◽  
Alexei Andrushchenko ◽  
Sue Hagius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Western Kazakhstan ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Positive Controls

Raw milk was collected from cows in western Kazakhstan in winter 2014-2015. Samples were defatted and frozen at -20C, then tested as follows. For tick-borne encephalitis virus, 65 samples were tested using the VectorBest TBEV antigen capture kit, with 9% positive. For Coxiella burnetii, 50 samples were assayed using a species-specific qPCR assay and all were negative, though positive controls were consistently positive. For Brucella spp., PCR, ELISA and FPA testing is ongoing, with some positive results. These data suggest that consumption of raw cow's milk in western Kazakhstan is a risk factor for tick-borne encephalitis and brucellosis. The risk for Q fever appears to be small during winter, but may be present at other times of the year.

Tick burden on European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) from Saxony, Germany, and detection of tick-borne encephalitis virus in attached ticks

2020 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 1387-1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Król ◽  
Lidia Chitimia-Dobler ◽  
Gerhard Dobler ◽  
Yauhen Karliuk ◽  
Stefan Birka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Roe Deer ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Tick Burden

scholarly journals Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Nonstructural Protein 1 IgG Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Differentiating Infection versus Vaccination Antibody Responses

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Girl ◽  
M. Bestehorn-Willmann ◽  
S. Zange ◽  
J. P. Borde ◽  
G. Dobler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Nonstructural Protein ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Cns Infection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Nonstructural Protein 1 ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus

ABSTRACT Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is an important central nervous system (CNS) infection in Europe and Asia. It is a flavivirus in the tick-borne group. Effective vaccines against TBE are available in the affected countries. However, diagnosing TBE is challenging due to cross-reactive antibodies between different viruses of the genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae. Differentiation between infection-induced and vaccine-induced antibodies can be difficult and in many cases impossible, due to the increasing vaccination rate against TBEV. We present a new approach to detect antibodies against the TBEV nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) as a diagnostic marker, which is exclusively indicative for virus replication in natural infection, on the basis of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A total of 188 anonymous serum samples from the National Consultant Laboratory for TBEV were included in our study. The assay was validated according to the European Laboratory Norm DIN EN ISO 15189 for diagnostic use. The ELISA for the detection of TBEV NS1 specific IgG class antibodies has demonstrated a sensitivity of >94% and a specificity of >93% in broadly cross-reacting sera from patients with vaccinations against flaviviral diseases and single or multiple flavivirus infections, respectively. The detection of anti-NS1 antibodies is feasible and facilitates reliable differentiation between different flavivirus infections, TBEV infection, and TBE vaccination.

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