scholarly journals Comparison of Aloe vera leaves ethanol extract effect against Escherichia coli ESBL and Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewinta Enggar Pramesthi ◽  
Yuani Setiawati ◽  
Eko Budi Koendhori
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Nutrient Agar Plate

Abstrak. Aloe vera merupakan tanaman herbal yang mengandung beberapa zat aktif yang telah terbukti mempunyai efek antibakteri untuk berbagai macam bakteri. Dapat ditemukan banyak infeksi yang disebabkan oleh bakteri gram negatif. Beberapa bakteri gram negatif ini memproduksi enzim β lactamase mutan, yang diketahui sebagai Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL). Bakteri ESBL resisten terhadap beberapa macam antibiotik dalam golongan beta laktam, hal ini menjadi salah satu permasalahan utama di rumah sakit. Berdasarkan latar belakang yang ada, tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk membandingkan efek antibakteri dari ekstrak etanol daun lidah buaya terhadap Escherichia coli ESBL dan Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL. Studi ini merupakan eksperimental laboratorium. Konsentrasi Hambat Minimal (KHM) dan Konsentrasi Bunuh Minimal (KBM) ditentukan dengan metode dilusi. Konsentrasi yang digunakan pada penentuan KHM untuk kedua bakteri adalah 90%; 80%; 70%; 60%; 50%; 40%; 30%; dan 20%. Penentuan KBM dilakukan dengan cara penanaman suspensi dari muller hinton broth pada nutrient agar plate. Hasil yang didapatkan dianalisis menggunakan metode deskripsi. KHM untuk kedua bakteri ditemukan pada konsentrasi yang sama yaitu 80% (8 g ml-1). KBM untuk kedua bakteri juga ditemukan pada konsentrasi yang sama yaitu 80% (8 g ml-1). Penentuan KHM dan KBM dilakukan sebanyak 10 kali replikasi. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ektrak etanol daun lidah buaya tidak mempunyai efektivitas yang berbeda terhadap Escherichia coli ESBL dan Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL. Kata kunci: Escherichia coli ESBL - Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL - Ekstrak etanol daun lidah buaya- antibakteri - dilusi Abstract. Aloe vera is a herbal which has some active substances that have been proven for its antibacterial effect for some bacterias. There are many infections caused by gram negative bacterias. Some of gram negative bacterias produce mutant β lactamase enzyme, that known as Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL). ESBL bacteria are resistant to some antibiotics in beta lactam class and become one of main problem in hospital. Based on this background, the aim of this study was to compare the antibacterial activity of aloe vera leaves ethanol extract between Escherichia coli ESBL and Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL. This study was a lab experimental. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) values were determined by dilution method. The concentration used in MIC determination for both bacteria is 90%; 80%; 70%; 60%; 50%; 40%; 30%; and 20%. The MBC values were determined by suspension streaking from muller hinton broth on nutrient agar plate. The result is analyzed with description method. The MIC value for Escherichia coli ESBL and Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL is found in the same concentration which is 80% (8 g ml-1). The MBC values for Escherichia coli ESBL and Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL also found in the same concentration 80% (8 g ml-1).  MIC and MBC values have been proved in the first until tenth replications. Thus, aloe vera leaves ethanol extract has no different effectiveness against Escherichia coli ESBL and Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL. Keywords: Escherichia coli ESBL - Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL - Aloe vera leaves - antibacterial - dilution method

scholarly journals Incidence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae with Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases in Community- and Hospital-Associated Intra-Abdominal Infections in Europe: Results of the 2008 Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART)

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 3043-3046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen P. Hawser ◽  
Samuel K. Bouchillon ◽  
Daryl J. Hoban ◽  
Robert E. Badal ◽  
Rafael Cantón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Abdominal Infections

ABSTRACT From 2002 to 2008, there was a significant increase in extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-positive Escherichia coli isolates in European intra-abdominal infections, from 4.3% in 2002 to 11.8% in 2008 (P < 0.001), but not for ESBL-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates (16.4% to 17.9% [P > 0.05]). Hospital-associated isolates were more common than community-associated isolates, at 14.0% versus 6.5%, respectively, for E. coli (P < 0.001) and 20.9% versus 5.3%, respectively, for K. pneumoniae (P < 0.01). Carbapenems were consistently the most active drugs tested.

scholarly journals Colonisation with extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales in children admitted to a paediatric referral hospital in South Africa

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0241776
Author(s):  
Babatunde O. Ogunbosi ◽  
Clinton Moodley ◽  
Preneshni Naicker ◽  
James Nuttall ◽  
Colleen Bamford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Invasive Infection ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Extended Spectrum

Introduction There are few studies describing colonisation with extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE) and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) among children in sub-Saharan Africa. Colonisation often precedes infection and multi-drug-resistant Enterobacterales are important causes of invasive infection. Methods In this prospective cross-sectional study, conducted between April and June 2017, 200 children in a tertiary academic hospital were screened by rectal swab for EBSL-PE and CRE. The resistance-conferring genes were identified using polymerase chain reaction technology. Risk factors for colonisation were also evaluated. Results Overall, 48% (96/200) of the children were colonised with at least one ESBL-PE, 8.3% (8/96) of these with 2 ESBL-PE, and one other child was colonised with a CRE (0.5% (1/200)). Common colonising ESBL-PE were Klebsiella pneumoniae (62.5%, 65/104) and Escherichia coli (34.6%, 36/104). The most frequent ESBL-conferring gene was blaCTX-M in 95% (76/80) of the isolates. No resistance- conferring gene was identified in the CRE isolate (Enterobacter cloacae). Most of the Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were susceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam (86.2%) and amikacin (63.9%). Similarly, 94.4% and 97.2% of the Escherichia coli isolates were susceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam and amikacin, respectively. Hospitalisation for more than 7 days before study enrolment was associated with ESBL-PE colonisation. Conclusion Approximately half of the hospitalised children in this study were colonised with ESBL-PE. This highlights the need for improved infection prevention and control practices to limit the dissemination of these microorganisms.

scholarly journals Pharmacodynamic Profile of Ertapenem against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli in a Murine Thigh Model

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 276-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Maglio ◽  
Mary Anne Banevicius ◽  
Christina Sutherland ◽  
Chinedum Babalola ◽  
Charles H. Nightingale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Pharmacodynamic Parameter ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Pharmacodynamic Profile

ABSTRACT The pharmacodynamic profile of ertapenem was evaluated in a neutropenic mouse thigh infection model. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-positive and ESBL-negative clinical strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were studied. MICs ranged from 0.0078 to 0.06 μg/ml with standard inoculum tests. Ertapenem doses were administered once to five times daily to achieve various exposures, reported as the percentage of the dosing interval that the concentration of free ertapenem was in excess of the MIC (%T>MICfree). Mean values for the static exposure and 80% maximally effective exposure (ED80) were 19% (range, 2 to 38%) and 33% (range, 13 to 65%) T>MICfree, respectively. Differences in exposure requirements based on the presence of an ESBL resistance mechanism or bacterial species were not evident. In addition, experiments using a 100-fold higher inoculum did not decrease the magnitude of the reduction in bacterial density from baseline achieved compared to lower-inoculum studies. The pharmacodynamic parameter of %T>MICfree correlated well with bactericidal activity for all isolates, and the static and ED80 exposures are consistent with those reported previously for carbapenems.

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