scholarly journals Botanic Garden Profile Inverewe: gardening on the edge

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-35
Author(s):  
Kevin Frediani
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Scottish Highlands ◽  
Herbaceous Perennials ◽  
The North ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Plant Collection ◽  
Experimental Approaches ◽  
The Uk

Set in the heart of the Scottish Highlands, Inverewe is one of the most spectacular garden locations in the UK. Situated beside the A382 on the North Coast 500 tourist route, the property receives over 100,000 visitors each year, drawn to see a diversity of plants and to enjoy the breathtaking backdrop of mountains and seascape it affords. Since its first plantings in 1864, the property has been a centre for experimental approaches to establishing and growing tender woody and herbaceous perennials, while a diaspora of alumni have gone on to fulfil prominent roles in the horticultural industry over the years. The garden today covers approximately 22 ha of mainly woodland gardens, renowned for the diversity of their designed elements and whose conservation management is based on a thorough understanding, appreciation and analysis of the garden’s historical development and its significance in local, regional and national contexts.In recent years, Inverewe has faced a number of challenges related to the growing impact of global change, with increased occurrences of extreme weather events, and emergent pest and disease incidents associated with climate change and the movement of plants and their vectors, which include human-aided transport of problems between sites. In this context, this article provides a lens on the drivers of change that the plant collection is facing in the early decades of the 21st century. After an introduction to the garden, its evolved collections and management approach, three case studies are highlighted as examples of emerging threats to Inverewe as a garden and work of art. Inverewe is presented as a landscape that endures through adaptation to social, economic and, increasingly, environmental challenges that shape the direction it takes as a garden and plant collection growing on the edge.

scholarly journals Effect of Extreme Weather Events on the Sedimentation of the Bay of Samaná, Dominican Republic (1900–2016)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramón A. Delanoy ◽  
Misael Díaz-Asencio ◽  
Rafael Méndez-Tejeda
Keyword(s):  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Rainfall Regime ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Weather Events

The Bay of Samaná, formed by tectonism and sedimentation, is delimited to the north by the peninsula of the same name, to the south by the north slope of the Eastern Mountain Range and Los Haitises National Park, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the west by the ancient Gran Estero, today the Lower Yuna. There follows a process of continuous degradation by the existing tectonic forces and the sediment contributions by the Yuna, Yabón, and La Yeguada rivers to the south as well as by the landslides of the mountainous area of the Samaná Peninsula, during periods of storms and hurricanes. The coastal area of Samaná Bay has altered by 2.17 km2 at the mouth of the Yuna River from 2003–2015. The high turbidity level has affected coral reefs and marine species.  The  mangroves  are  lost  faster  than  they  are  regenerated  by  the  coastline’s change. Variations in the elemental compositions of calcium and iron show the terrigenous influence on the dynamics of the bay during Extreme Weather Events (EWP) in the river basins that flow into it. Abrupt changes in the rainfall regime produced an equal change in the estuary sedimentation regime, according to the 210Pb. In the 2007–2016 period, a column of sediment that reached 38 cm and a 12 cm to 8.4 km column were deposited 4 km southeast of the municipality of Sánchez and east of the mouth of the Yuna River. The Sedimentary Accumulation Rate is very high, and the content of heavy metals exceeds the threshold values of Table SQuirt.

Multiple hazards under future UK Climate Projections

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Freya Garry ◽  
Dan Bernie
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Multiple Hazards ◽  
Ensemble Simulations ◽  
Climate Resilience ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Risk Projection ◽  
Extreme Hazards ◽  
The Uk

<p>When two or more extreme weather events occur either simultaneously or in close succession, there may be more severe societal and economic impacts than when extreme hazards occur alone. Impacts may also cascade across different sectors of society or amplify impacts in another sector. Perturbed parameter ensemble simulations of projections to 2080 have been generated at the UK Met Office to cover the UK at high spatial (12 km or 2.2 km) and temporal resolution (daily or sub-daily) resolution as part of the “UK Climate Projections”. We use the regional 12 km model simulations at daily resolution to consider how the frequency, duration and spatial extent of multiple extreme hazard events in the UK changes over the 21<sup>st </sup>century. We will show case studies of multiple extreme hazard pairings that pose a risk to UK sectors, for example, the risk of hot and dry weather to agricultural harvests. By working with stakeholders that have a good understanding of their vulnerabilities and exposure, we consider multiple extreme events in a risk projection framework. This work is funded under the Strategic Priority Fund for UK Climate Resilience.</p>

scholarly journals BUILDING UP RESILIENC E OF CONSTRUCTION SECTOR SMES AND THEIR SUPPLY CHAINS TO EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayan Wedawatta ◽  
Bingunath Ingirige ◽  
Dilanthi Amaratunga
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Coping Capacity ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
The Uk

Wider scientific community now accept that the threat of climate change as real and thus acknowledge the importance of implementing adaptation measures in a global context. In the UK, the physical effects of climate change are likely to be directly felt in the form of extreme weather events, which are predicted to escalate in number and severity in future under the changing climatic conditions. Construction industry; which consists of supply chains running across various other industries, economies and regions, will also be affected due to these events. Thus, it is important that the construction organisations are well prepared to withstand the effects of extreme weather events not only directly affecting their organizations but also affecting their supply chains which in turn might affect the organisation concerned. Given the fact that more than 99% of construction sector businesses are SMEs, the area can benefit significantly from policy making to improve SME resilience and coping capacity. This paper presents the literature review and synthesis of a doctoral research study undertaken to address the issue of extreme weather resilience of construction sector SMEs and their supply chains. The main contribution of the paper to both academia and practitioners is a synthesis model that conceptualises the factors that enhances resilience of SMEs and their supply chains against extreme weather events. This synthesis model forms the basis of a decision making framework that will enable SMEs to both reduce their vulnerability and enhance their coping capacity against extreme weather. The value of this paper is further extended by the overall research design that is set forth as the way forward. Santruka Gana daug mokslininku jau sutinka, kad klimato kaitos gresme yra reali, taigi pripažista, kaip pasauliniame kontekste svarbu diegti prisitaikymo priemones. Tiketina, kad Jungtineje Karalysteje fizinis klimato kaitos poveikis bus tiesiogiai jaučiamas per ekstremalius meteorologinius reiškinius. Prognozuojama, kad kintant klimato salygoms ju skaičius ir intensyvumas ateityje dides. Tokie reiškiniai paveiks ir statybu pramone, kuria sudaro per kitas ivairiausias pramones šakas, ūkius ir regionus einančios tiekimo grandines. Taigi svarbu, kad statybu organizacijos būtu tinkamai pasiruošusios atlaikyti ekstremalius meteorologinius reiškinius, kurie daro tiesiogine itaka ne tik šioms organizacijoms, bet ir ju tiekimo grandinems, kurios savo ruožtu gali paveikti atitinkama organizacija. Daugiau kaip 99 proc. statybu sektoriuje veikiančiu imoniu priklauso SVV kategorijai, tad šiai sričiai išties praverstu politika, gerinanti SVV atsparuma ir gebejima susitvarkyti. Šiame darbe pateikiama literatūros apžvalga ir trumpai pristatomas daktaro disertacijos tyrimas, kuriuo siekta išnagrineti statybu sektoriaus SVV ir ju tiekimo grandiniu atsparuma ekstremaliems meteorologiniams reiškiniams. Pagrindinis darbo indelis, pravartus ir mokslininkams, ir praktikams, tai sintezes modelis, kuriame suformuluojami veiksniai, didinantys SVV ir ju tiekimo grandiniu atsparuma ekstremaliems meteorologiniams reiškiniams. Šis sintezes modelis yra sprendimu priemimo sistemos pagrindas, o sistema SVV leis ne tik mažinti pažeidžiamuma, bet ir didinti gebejima susitvarkyti esant ekstremaliems meteorologiniams reiškiniams. Šio darbo verte dar labiau padidina bendras tyrimo modelis, pateikiamas kaip žingsnis pirmyn.

scholarly journals Invertebrates assemblage captured by a pink shrimp's fishery on Amazon continental shelf

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-241
Author(s):  
Priscila Sousa Vilela da Nóbrega ◽  
Cleverson Ranniéri Meira dos Santos ◽  
Ana Patrícia Barros Cordeiro ◽  
Jussara Moretto Martinelli-Lemos
Keyword(s):  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Aquatic Communities ◽  
The North ◽  
Shrimp Trawl ◽  
Continental Shelves

Shrimp trawl fisheries constitute a major threat to continental shelves' biodiversity, given their profound impact on benthic communities. We investigated the composition of an invertebrate assemblage impacted by this type of fishery and possible correlations of the abundance and richness with specific environmental parameters. The activities of the industrial shrimp fleet on the north coast of Brazil were monitored over two years. We analyzed 20,303 specimens belonging to seven phyla (Porifera, Cnidaria, Mollusca, Sipuncula, Annelida, Arthropoda, Echinodermata) and 154 species. There was a predominance of generalist and rare species, given that most species (86) were sporadic. Taxonomic composition patterns were complex, dynamic, and were correlated mainly with the temperature and depth of the Amazon continental shelf, the largest in extension and low depth of the South Atlantic. The crustaceans were dominant in both abundance and taxonomic richness. The influence of environmental factors on the abundance of the main species is discussed. The invertebrates are a neglected component in studies of fisheries impact and important components of the ecological structure of the Amazon coast. They are an essential group for developing a holistic fisheries management approach, which will support the sustainability of the region's fisheries and preserve local aquatic communities.

Cost reductions through converting platforms from permanently manned to manned-evacuated

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 637
Author(s):  
Matt Keys
Keyword(s):  
Action Plan ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
The North ◽  
Weather Events

Most platforms in Australia and the North Sea were originally designed to be permanently manned facilities. As long-term predictions of extreme weather events have intensified, it has become challenging to demonstrate acceptable life safety levels. Extreme weather events have been an ongoing area of development. With an increasing database of information and potential climate change effects, the intensity of the environmental conditions for even recently installed facilities have increased significantly. The Gulf of Mexico estimate of environmental loading has increased 63% in the past 15 years alone, with similar increases in all other regions. To continue to operate these facilities as permanently manned while maintaining the original design safety level requires extensive strengthening. In cases assessed, associated costs have been shown to easily exceed US$100 million. With the advancements in forecasting, facilities now have adequate information available to ensure a facility is evacuated, shut in or both before any major risk to the safety of the personnel and environment is intolerable. The platform response to a forecast can be referred to as a severe weather action plan (SWAP). These can be shown to be a more cost-effective means than strengthening the asset, and most assets may only require evacuation or shut-in once in their lifetime. The benefits of a manned-evacuated platform also extend to new platforms where the cost of the jacket or hull can be reduced to achieve a target risk level provided a SWAP is in place.

scholarly journals European Climate Extremes and the North Atlantic Oscillation

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam A. Scaife ◽  
Chris K. Folland ◽  
Lisa V. Alexander ◽  
Anders Moberg ◽  
Jeff R. Knight
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
The North ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation

Abstract The authors estimate the change in extreme winter weather events over Europe that is due to a long-term change in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) such as that observed between the 1960s and 1990s. Using ensembles of simulations from a general circulation model, large changes in the frequency of 10th percentile temperature and 90th percentile precipitation events over Europe are found from changes in the NAO. In some cases, these changes are comparable to the expected change in the frequency of events due to anthropogenic forcing over the twenty-first century. Although the results presented here do not affect anthropogenic interpretation of global and annual mean changes in observed extremes, they do show that great care is needed to assess changes due to modes of climate variability when interpreting extreme events on regional and seasonal scales. How changes in natural modes of variability, such as the NAO, could radically alter current climate model predictions of changes in extreme weather events on multidecadal time scales is also discussed.

scholarly journals Heavy Precipitation Events in Marmara Region and connections with the North Atlantic and Arctic Oscillation Patterns

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevinc A. Sirdas ◽  
Ali Behzat Diriker ◽  
Vinay Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Arctic Oscillation ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Heavy Precipitation ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Marmara Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
The Relationship

The prediction and understanding of the extreme weather events became one of the top priorities of the forecasting centers. To analyze the heavy rainfall events, the data from reanalysis and station datasets are utilized. The linear regression analysis and principle component analysis (PCA) are applied on precipitation, temperature, Arctic Oscillation Indices (AO) and North Atlantic Oscillation Indices (NAO) datasets. The results indicate that the relationship between these variables can be expressed neither by linear regression nor by PCA, which falls in short in capturing the complexity of the problem. The results indicate the importance of low-level jet in two cases out of three cases considered here.

Climate resilient rice production system: Natural resources management approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (Special) ◽  
pp. 143-167
Author(s):  
Mohammad Shahid ◽  
Sushmita Munda ◽  
Rubina Khanam ◽  
Dibyendu Chatterjee ◽  
Upendra Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Production System ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Weather Events

Climate change is widely recognized as one of the most pressing issues confronting humanity today. It is considered to be a direct threat to our food production system including rice. Climate change affects rice production in various ways. The variability in temperature and precipitation increases, predictability of seasonal weather patterns reduces and the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events such as droughts, floods and cyclones increases. In India, the effect of natural disasters on agriculture, including disasters caused by climate change has been gradually growing. It is believed that during the mid and end century India's future rice production is projected to reduced by 2.5 to 5% from the current level. As there is less scope for rice area to grow in the future, any growth in rice production will have to come only from productivity gains. Since climate change is a continuous process, the rice production system requires specific adaptation strategies to prevent rice yield losses and its variability. Therefore, it's critical to understand how climate change affects rice crop and to follow better production practises including crop establishment methods, water management, weed management, nutrient management and microbial resources utilization that make cropping systems more resilient to extreme weather events. The spread of climate resilient production technologies would benefit rice production systems' resilience.

scholarly journals Small & Medium-Sized Enterprises, Organizational Resilience Capacity and Flash Floods: Insights from a Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7437
Author(s):  
Antonis Skouloudis ◽  
Thomas Tsalis ◽  
Ioannis Nikolaou ◽  
Konstantinos Evangelinos ◽  
Walter Leal Filho
Keyword(s):  
Flash Floods ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Organizational Sustainability ◽  
Holistic Management ◽  
Business Operations ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
The Impact

From a managerial standpoint, sustainability poses numerous challenges for the business community. One of the prominent concerns in the context of organizational sustainability is the impact of climate change and extreme weather events (EWEs), which create discontinuity and damages to business operations. In this respect, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are particularly vulnerable to EWEs, such as flash floods, having disastrous consequences to SMEs that tend to be ill-prepared. Taking into consideration that these negatives effects are also transferred into the local communities in which SMEs are located, it is crucial to create appropriate mechanisms that will enable these enterprises to build relevant capacities and acquire necessary resources in order to deal with relevant disruptive events. With this in mind, this paper attempts to delineate the emerging literature in relation to strategic approaches in dealing with high impact/low probability EWEs. With this analysis, we aim to provide insights for enhancing the robustness of SMEs against such natural hazards through effective resilience and adaptation strategies. The paper reveals that resilience to EWEs is indeed a multifaceted issue posing numerous challenges to SMEs. Taking into account their intrinsic characteristics, there is a need for a holistic management approach that will assist SMEs to safeguard their assets against extreme weather.

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