Review of Research on the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Development of Global and Russian E-commerce

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-82
Author(s):  
I.V. Goncharuk
Keyword(s):  
Online Commerce ◽  
The Impact

Th e article demonstrates the changes that have occurred in the dynamics and structure of international online commerce, describes how the customs preferences have changed under the infl uence of the pandemic. An adjustment of the estimates of the prospects for the development of global and Russian e-commerce is given.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF GLOBAL AND RUSSIAN E-COMMERCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (08) ◽  
pp. 973-988
Author(s):  
Iskakova Diana ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Alimasi Mongo Providence
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Online Commerce ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Intensive Development

The intensive development of digital technologies and access to the Internet has transformed the principles of organizing economic relations in the sphere of trade in goods and services. E-Commerce has become one of the most dynamically developing areas in the economy of many countries, but unforeseen circumstances, such as the Covid-2019 pandemic, can probably significantly change the situation with the development of the e-Commerce sector, give the necessary impetus to increase Internet activity and turn the e-Commerce sector into a driver of economic growth in Russia.The article demonstrates the changes that have occurred in the dynamics and structure of international online commerce, describes how the customs preferences have changed under the influence of the pandemic. An adjustment of the estimates of the prospects for the development of global and Russian e-commerce is given.

STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF THE ORGANIZATION AND TECHNOLOGY OF EXPRESS DELIVERY OF GOODS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN ONLINE COMMERCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (181) ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
Yu.A., Glaz ◽  
◽  
O.V. Berezhnaya ◽  
T.G. Martseva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retail Trade ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Internet Commerce ◽  
Online Commerce ◽  
The World ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Online Stores ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Parts

The Internet is one of the fastest segments for wholesale and retail trade in the world. The Internet is not only modern, but also a convenient way through which transactions are made between the seller and the buyer. Sales on the Internet are growing at the expense of new users, as well as at the expense of users who are regular customers. Today on the Internet you can buy everything. A huge number of online-stores gives us the opportunity to make orders of various literature, perfume and even equipment. This type of shopping is gaining momentum more and more. Modern electronic commerce guarantees the sale of goods without territorial limitation around the clock, and it is worth saying that buyers can be located in different parts of the world. The article considers the characteristic features of the development of Internet commerce, reveals the disadvantages and advantages of Internet commerce, and also identifies the reasons that impede the development of Internet commerce.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Problems Faced by Online Customers on Ecommerce

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Sabou ◽  
Bianca Avram-Pop ◽  
Liliana Adela Zima
Keyword(s):  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Online Fraud ◽  
Online Commerce ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Online Purchases ◽  
Evolution Characteristics ◽  
Online Shoppers ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The purpose of this study is to identify the behavior of customers in the online environment. We analyzed the evolution, characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of this type of commerce, and its implications on the consumers. In order to identify the customers’ behavior online, we selected three variables which are characterized by time intervals of the latest online order, and six variables which analyze the main problems faced by consumers of goods/services bought online (a long shipping time, damaged products, non-compliant products, fraud related issues, underperforming complaint system, technical issues, lack of customer and legal aspects). Online commerce is less developed in the Czech Republic, Romania, Poland, Lithuania, Ireland, Bulgaria, Estonia, Slovenia and Norway. But, the advantages of ecommerce weigh more for the consumer than the problems they face, for example: online shoppers will continue to make online purchases even if they have experienced delays in delivering goods/services, damaged products, online fraud, technical problems or difficulties in finding information about the warranty of goods/services.

scholarly journals WARES DELIVERY PROBLEMS IN ELECTRONIC-COMMERCE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vadym Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Data Exchange ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Online Commerce ◽  
Online Purchases ◽  
Order Management ◽  
Procurement Procedure ◽  
The One ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
The Impact

The article discusses modern trends in the development of e-commerce logistics, the organization of order delivery processes, the directions of integraction between e-commerce subjects in an integrated digital space. Indicators of growth in online commerce and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on an demand increasing and consumer behavior are presented. Сhanges in behavior should not be considered as linear, because the attractiveness of e-commerce will depend on the satisfaction of new experiences of customers who were forced to use e-commerce services and mastered the one-click procurement procedure by placing orders online and receiving goods without visiting stores. Ukrainian consumers fully appreciated the benefits of online shopping and in 2020 they spent on online shopping 107 billion UAH, which is 41% more than last year. Since a condition for the further effective development of e-commerce is the need to streamline all stages of trade operations, including the logistics processes rationalization, the logistics of online purchases is turning into an economic sector with intensive growth rates. This is confirmed by the efforts of leading companies to provide customers with alternative channels for obtaining goods, the use of multichannel distribution, integrated order management systems, uberization of supplies, shopping personalization, building up intangible assets associated with the expansion of their own transport capacities, arrangement of modern warehouses in order to ensure flexibility and high customer requirements satisfaction. Covering a number of interrelated areas of interaction and interests of e-commerce entities, data exchange of several internal and external systems, e-commerce logistics, based on the use of integrated order management systems, meets the e-commerce pace of development, provides control over sales processes through e-commerce platforms, prompt delivery, ease of platforms operation, forecasting of production volumes.

Formation of Lunar Craters and Bright Rays as a Result of Meteorite Impacts

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 415-418
Author(s):  
K. P. Stanyukovich ◽  
V. A. Bronshten
Keyword(s):  
Explosive Charge ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Meteorite Impacts ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Lunar Craters ◽  
The Impact

The phenomena accompanying the impact of large meteorites on the surface of the Moon or of the Earth can be examined on the basis of the theory of explosive phenomena if we assume that, instead of an exploding meteorite moving inside the rock, we have an explosive charge (equivalent in energy), situated at a certain distance under the surface.

The Geosciences Applied to Lunar Exploration

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 169-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Green
Keyword(s):  
Lunar Surface ◽  
Probable Mechanism ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Lunar Exploration ◽  
Geological Model ◽  
Apply Geophysics ◽  
Surface Features ◽  
The Impact

The term geo-sciences has been used here to include the disciplines geology, geophysics and geochemistry. However, in order to apply geophysics and geochemistry effectively one must begin with a geological model. Therefore, the science of geology should be used as the basis for lunar exploration. From an astronomical point of view, a lunar terrain heavily impacted with meteors appears the more reasonable; although from a geological standpoint, volcanism seems the more probable mechanism. A surface liberally marked with volcanic features has been advocated by such geologists as Bülow, Dana, Suess, von Wolff, Shaler, Spurr, and Kuno. In this paper, both the impact and volcanic hypotheses are considered in the application of the geo-sciences to manned lunar exploration. However, more emphasis is placed on the volcanic, or more correctly the defluidization, hypothesis to account for lunar surface features.

Asteroid and Comet Impact Speeds upon Mars: Significance for Panspermia and the Supply of Organics

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 197-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duncan Steel
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Regions Of Interest ◽  
Significant Fraction ◽  
Organic Chemicals ◽  
Impact Speed ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWhilst lithopanspermia depends upon massive impacts occurring at a speed above some limit, the intact delivery of organic chemicals or other volatiles to a planet requires the impact speed to be below some other limit such that a significant fraction of that material escapes destruction. Thus the two opposite ends of the impact speed distributions are the regions of interest in the bioastronomical context, whereas much modelling work on impacts delivers, or makes use of, only the mean speed. Here the probability distributions of impact speeds upon Mars are calculated for (i) the orbital distribution of known asteroids; and (ii) the expected distribution of near-parabolic cometary orbits. It is found that cometary impacts are far more likely to eject rocks from Mars (over 99 percent of the cometary impacts are at speeds above 20 km/sec, but at most 5 percent of the asteroidal impacts); paradoxically, the objects impacting at speeds low enough to make organic/volatile survival possible (the asteroids) are those which are depleted in such species.

Organic Syntheses During the Impact of a Comet with a Gaseous Planet

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 189-195
Author(s):  
Cesare Guaita ◽  
Roberto Crippa ◽  
Federico Manzini
Keyword(s):  
Polymeric Material ◽  
Molecular Form ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Blue Filter ◽  
Organic Syntheses ◽  
The Impact

AbstractA large amount of CO has been detected above many SL9/Jupiter impacts. This gas was never detected before the collision. So, in our opinion, CO was released from a parent compound during the collision. We identify this compound as POM (polyoxymethylene), a formaldehyde (HCHO) polymer that, when suddenly heated, reformes monomeric HCHO. At temperatures higher than 1200°K HCHO cannot exist in molecular form and the most probable result of its decomposition is the formation of CO. At lower temperatures, HCHO can react with NH3 and/or HCN to form high UV-absorbing polymeric material. In our opinion, this kind of material has also to be taken in to account to explain the complex evolution of some SL9 impacts that we observed in CCD images taken with a blue filter.

Hydrogen Cyanide Polymers from the Impact of Comet P/Shoemaker-Levy 9 on Jupiter

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 179-187
Author(s):  
Clifford N. Matthews ◽  
Rose A. Pesce-Rodriguez ◽  
Shirley A. Liebman
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanide ◽  
Nitrogen Heterocycles ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Heterogeneous Solids ◽  
The Many ◽  
Comet Halley ◽  
The Impact ◽  
By Products

AbstractHydrogen cyanide polymers – heterogeneous solids ranging in color from yellow to orange to brown to black – may be among the organic macromolecules most readily formed within the Solar System. The non-volatile black crust of comet Halley, for example, as well as the extensive orangebrown streaks in the atmosphere of Jupiter, might consist largely of such polymers synthesized from HCN formed by photolysis of methane and ammonia, the color observed depending on the concentration of HCN involved. Laboratory studies of these ubiquitous compounds point to the presence of polyamidine structures synthesized directly from hydrogen cyanide. These would be converted by water to polypeptides which can be further hydrolyzed to α-amino acids. Black polymers and multimers with conjugated ladder structures derived from HCN could also be formed and might well be the source of the many nitrogen heterocycles, adenine included, observed after pyrolysis. The dark brown color arising from the impacts of comet P/Shoemaker-Levy 9 on Jupiter might therefore be mainly caused by the presence of HCN polymers, whether originally present, deposited by the impactor or synthesized directly from HCN. Spectroscopic detection of these predicted macromolecules and their hydrolytic and pyrolytic by-products would strengthen significantly the hypothesis that cyanide polymerization is a preferred pathway for prebiotic and extraterrestrial chemistry.

Unusual Microstructure in Shock-Compacted Graphite

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 474-475
Author(s):  
Lucien F. Trueb
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Characteristic ◽  
Compression Wave ◽  
Gray Zone ◽  
Flyer Plate ◽  
Compacted Graphite ◽  
The Impact

Crushed and statically compressed Madagascar graphite that was explosively shocked at 425 kb by means of a planar flyer-plate is characterized by a black zone extending for 2 to 3 nun below the impact plane of the driver. Beyond this point, the material assumes the normal gray color of graphite. The thickness of the black zone is identical with the distance taken by the relaxation wave to overtake the compression wave.The main mechanical characteristic of the black material is its great hardness; steel scalpels and razor blades are readily blunted during attempts to cut it. An average microhardness value of 95-3 DPHN was obtained with a 10 kg load. This figure is a minimum because the indentations were usually cracked; 14.8 DPHN was measured in the gray zone.

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