scholarly journals "PROHIBITATIVE DECREES" OF PETER I IN THE CONTEXT OF THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY OF EARLY MODERN TIME

2021 ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
D. A. Redin
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Crime ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
Russian Economy

In 1713-1721 Peter the Great issues a series of interrelated and complementary decrees aimed at the curbing of corruption. In the office documentation of those years, they were called “prohibitive”. At the same time, the tsar is taking energetic organizational measures designed to ensure the practical implementation of this legislation. The author wonders why it is during these years that the monarch is launching an unprecedented fight against corruption. The answer is seen in the fact that this legislation was caused by serious changes in the Russian economy, which gave rise to large-scale and systemic economic crime. First of all, these changes have occurred in the field of finance and taxes. They were associated with the saturation of the national economy with money, the transfer of most of the taxes and fees into monetary form, and the widespread practice of public procurement. The intensification of cash flows with weak control by the state, the access to state funds opened by both officials and private individuals led to a sharp increase in the criminalization of the economy. Thus, Peter's “prohibitive” decrees became not only a reaction, but also an important indicator of economic changes; they designated corruption as a systemic threat to the interests of the state for the first time.

scholarly journals Monetary Theory of the Genesis of the State, Prospects for Electronic Money and Transnational Law

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 636-647
Author(s):  
Daniyar Sarsembayev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Crime ◽  
Electronic Money ◽  
World Community ◽  
Monetary System ◽  
The World ◽  
Digital Money ◽  
The Moment

This article is an attempt to explain a new way of the cause of the emergence of the state with simultaneous consideration of previously known theories in legal science. Several arguments are presented in favor of the new theory, which, in the author's opinion, are sufficiently valid. The author analyzes the dynamics of the development of the causes of the emergence of state and law and its influence on the transformation of the latest civilizations, which took place in history. Based on the historical chronology of the emergence and functioning of money, the author conventionally differs three stages in its development: 1) the period of the gold standard or a chronic shortage of monetary liquidity; 2) the period of paper money and inflationary pressure; 3) the digital money period. The author upholds a new position regarding the essence of international law, believing that international law is not a separate system of law, but only the result of the evolution of law from national to international, which became possible thanks to the development of the institution of money. The author shares his thoughts on the true reason for justifying the state's right to war in international law a while back, expressed in a persistent shortage of monetary liquidity, which took place from the moment the first civilizations appeared until the 20th century. This article establishes a projection for the further development of state and law, including international law, alongside the inevitable transition of the world community to the digital money supply. The article reveals not only the vision of the new monetary system, its absolute transparency, and clarity but also the various opportunities we face in such a transition. In this regard, the states and the world community will come to clear and effective outcomes in management, to the practical abolition of corruption and economic crime, to legal methods of conducting all competitions and public procurement, to fair and effective justice, and the establishment of highly moral relations in society.

Decartelization of the economy: working model, alternative and combined approaches

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
V. P. Zavarukhin ◽  
A. G. Lisitsyn-Svetlanov ◽  
S. V. Maksimov
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Trade Law ◽  
International Trade Law ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Model Law ◽  
Market Relations

The article examines the concept, prehistory and modern practice of cartelization of the Russian economy. The key factors of the growth of cartelization are highlighted, the main approaches to modernization of the modern state policy on decartelization of the Russian economy are formulated. The intensive control over tenders by the antimonopoly bodies, Federal Treasury, Accounting Chamber and Government customers made it possible not only to reveal a large-scale practice of artificial bidding prices regulation using cartel schemes but also to reveal signs of a system of organized abuse in the field of public procurement, among which the cartel is not the most dangerous crime. Currently, the decisions on admissibility of business entities agreements in main areas of market relations should be taken in terms of facilitating the transition to an innovative digital economy, overcoming the general economic crisis, reinforced by the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic, as well as of maintaining a balance between transnational economic relations and protectionism of national jurisdictions. The most promising direction for the formation of common approaches to countering cartelization of digital economy might be an initiation of the development within the framework of UNCITRAL (UN Commission on International Trade Law) of a model law of the appropriate content, which refers to the form of "soft law", as well as of similar EAEU model law.

Women in economic and social transformation era: Issues and challenges

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalthum Hassan ◽  
Rohana Yusof
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The State ◽  
Livelihood Strategies ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Corporate World ◽  
The World

This book was motivated by the desire of the authors to reveal various issues and livelihood strategies of women in developing countries managing current socio-economic challenges as the state of the world is changing rapidly.The changes have brought about problems and opportunities to women globally as women have become one of the key actors in promoting the changes.Women in the developing countries have gone through various phases of socio-economic changes that have changed their roles from family affairs managers to corporate/institutional managers and workers and small and large scale entrepreneurs.However, different from men, the roles as family affairs managers remain even though women have assumed various other roles in government and corporate world.

Priority Directions of Improvement of Innovative Development of the Modern Russian Economy: Regional Dimension

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 4-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Носова ◽  
Svyetlana Nosova
Keyword(s):  
National Development ◽  
Major Change ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
The State ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Main Trend ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Russian Economy

Theoretic-methodological bases for the research of innovative development as the growth of innovation and competitiveness of the Russian economy at the macro, meso and micro levels are considered. The need to find effective approaches to scientific development and practical implementation of the concept of strategic management is proved. Effects of the policy of accelerated substitution of the role of the State in the economy because of the privatization of the State ownership as a result of the implementation of the recommendations of the Washington course of Russia’s transition to a market economy in the 90-ies of the last century are discussed. The Patriot scientific community’s proposition is supported, represented by Glaz´ev S.Yu. on the transition of the Russian economy to the industrial innovation model of development as a result of a major change in strategy, the objectives and the means of economic policy, which would provide domestic and external problems. The main trend of the new model must be in the area of high technology development. The necessity of interaction between science, business and the State is proved; the role of knowledge, innovation, market innovation points of growth from a position of selecting priority areas for regional development is determined, aimed at integrating international institutional, scientific, technical and technological predictions and trends in terms of national development with the aim of identifying determinants of competitiveness and creating competitive advantages for the Russian economy to ensure economic growth through the development of the real sector of the regional economy.

scholarly journals The role of state corporations in the development of the real sector of economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 126-133
Author(s):  
S. K. Eshugova ◽  
S. K. Khamirzova
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
The State ◽  
Real Sector ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
The Real ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Development Institutions ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Practical Recommendations

Studying the role and place of state corporations, as well as improving their activities in the framework of stimulating the real sector of the Russian economy is a relevant issue. The subject of the research is organizational and managerial relations arising in the system of functioning of state corporations and their impact on the real sector of economy. The aim of the research is to substantiate the role of state corporations in the development of the real sector of the Russian economy and to develop practical recommendations to improve the efficiency of their functioning in modern conditions. The article reveals the essence, as well as the significant role of state corporations in the innovative modernization of the Russian economy; the necessity of using impressive organizational, financial and economic potential of state corporations in stimulating the development of competitive industries in various sectors of the real sector of the economy is substantiated. There are three main types of state corporations in the Russian economy: a) financial development institutions; their activities are aimed at financing large projects; b) industrial corporations; c) directorates for the implementation of government programs with limited periods of operation and a set of specific tasks for implementation. An analysis of the scale of activity of the state corporate sector has shown that at present state corporations control about 40% of the economy and provide more than half of the state GDP; their financing accounts for about 25% of the expenditure side of the RF budget. The article concludes that state corporations are the locomotives of growth in the real sector of economy, established by the state at the expense of the budget to carry out large-scale projects or to solve important economic and social problems.

scholarly journals Blockchain in the public procurement system

E-Management ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
N. G. Kosyan ◽  
I. V. Mil'kina
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Procurement Management ◽  
The Public ◽  
Institutional Model

Public procurement accounts for a significant share of the country's budget. It is impossible to solve the problem of effective budget spending without establishing a rational and transparent system of public procurement. On the basis of international practice, a system of public procurement has been developed and implemented in the Russian Federation. The relevance of the study of this article is determined by the fact, that a large-scale reform of the practice of public procurement is continued in Russia due to the fact that in January 2014 entered into force a new Federal law dated on April 5, 2013 № 44-FZ “On the contract system in the procurement of goods, works, services for state and municipal needs”. The contract system plays an important system-forming role in Russian society. A free and mutually beneficial economic treaty remains one of the main institutions of the market. For this reason the order of the state and separate types of legal entities forms ecosystem, in which all Russian business develops and under which adapts. One of the fundamental principles of the state procurement policy is the principle of increasing efficiency. Currently the trend of the development of the informal relations, the insufficient level of quality meet the requirements of the society. The existing institutional model of public procurement management in Moscow does not fully ensure in practice the reproduction of the necessary economic and social effects, focusing on economic. The problems of poor quality of procurement management in Moscow require a deep study and evaluation of the necessary level of efficiency of tools to improve economic and social relations in the public sector. The purpose of this article is to develop proposals for improving the mechanism of public procurement. The authors of the article consider the possibility of using blockchain in public procurement. The use of this technology will reduce the time spent on the processing of documentation, reduce the degree of corruption in the process of public procurement, by creating reputational lists available to all participants in this process. In addition, the use of a smart contract allows to minimize the number of intermediaries in the conclusion of public contracts.

The concept of a digital state and a digital legal environment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitriy Pashencev ◽  
Aleksandra Dorskaya ◽  
Maksim Zaloilo
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
The State ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Legal Environment ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Structure And Functions

The development of digital technologies, large-scale digitalization that has covered all advanced countries, the entry of states into the era of the sixth technological order lead to significant changes in the state itself, its structure and functions. The monograph reveals the fundamental transformations of the modern state under the influence of the digital and technological vector of its development. Special attention is paid to qualitative technological changes in the main areas of state activity, the processes of creating legal norms (law-making) and their practical implementation (legal realization). The digital state emerging under the influence of new technologies acts as a theoretical model of the state of the future. Going beyond the strict scientific rationality in its classical sense allowed us to study the post-modern state, the phenomenon of which is increasingly becoming a reality and is embodied through the digital legal environment. For scientists, practitioners of public authorities, graduate students, students of law faculties.

scholarly journals Russian social reality on the eve of a new stage of the State Duma work

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
Nikolay Merzlikin
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
The State ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Federal Research ◽  
Global World ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Review of a research: Rossiiskoe obshchestvo i gosudarstvo v usloviyakh pandemii: sotsial’no-politicheskoe polozhenie i demograficheskoe razvitie Rossiiskoi Federatsii v 2020 godu [Russian society and state in a pandemic: the socio-political situation and demographic development of the Russian Federation in 2020] / Osipov G.V. [et al.]; ed. by G.V. Osipov, S.V. Ryazantsev, V.K. Levashov, T.K. Rostovskaya; otv. red. V.K. Levashov. M.: PERSPEKTIVA Publ., 2020. 532 p. ISBN 978-5-905790-48-5. DOI 10.38085/978-5-905790-48-5-2020-1-532.The main event of 2020, which determined the situation in the world and in Russia, was the COVID-19 pandemic. The influence of the covid crisis, directly or indirectly affected all spheres of life in Russian society, reflected on the functioning of government institutions and public organizations, on the nature of relations between civil society and the state. The structure and procedure for the formation of national goals and programs were rethought, society reacted more meaningfully and responsibly to assessing the current state and ways of developing the Russian economy and social sphere, in particular, to the healthcare sector. The explosive growth of various forms of digital communications under conditions of forced self-isolation made it possible to assess the socio-political aspects of the digital transformation of Russian society in a new way, more competently, and to substantively investigate the challenges and threats that the process of shaping the digital future entails.In the context of large-scale socio-political changes, the importance of studying the key trends in the development of the global world and Russian society, a comprehensive analysis of the spheres of life of Russian society: socio-political, socio-economic and socio-demographic is growing. These are the tasks set for themselves by the authors of a scientific monograph prepared by scientists from the Institute for Social and Political Research and the Institute for Demographic Research of the Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences based on the results of research in 2020.

scholarly journals Protection from emergencies, use of natural resources and system of economic loss evaluation in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 03008
Author(s):  
Alexander Rodionov ◽  
Alexander Ovsianik ◽  
Marina Danilina ◽  
Mikhail Shahramanyan ◽  
Peter Godlevskij
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
The State ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Natural Resource Base

In recent years, the world has experienced large-scale pollution and poisoning of environmental objects and the disappearance of certain parts of natural resources. The current research uses statistical data and methods in order to analyze the situation in the sphere of ecological and biological development on the basis of the main indicators. Among these indicators was chosen the current (operating) costs of environmental protection. The natural resource base of the Russian economy, the problems of which require immediate solutions, must be protected by the state. The country’s environmental policy is aimed at creating appropriate conditions for reducing the anthropogenic impact on the environment to an acceptable level and restructuring this impact. Maintaining the life-supporting systems of the biosphere, protecting and reproducing reserves are the primary actions that the natural resource base of the Russian economy requires. The problems facing today can be solved as follows: improving the regulatory system, developing the institution of state property, taking into account the division of competence between the state and the subjects, reforming and improving the system of economic assessment and accounting of natural resources, environmental restrictions, licensing the use of reserves, gradual changes in tax legislation, aimed at increasing the share of environmental payments while reducing rates for other fees, improving economic and financial mechanisms for the reproduction of reserves, developing the market for services and work in the field of environmental management.

Comparative Analysis of “Catch-up Modernization” Models in Russia and Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 126-140
Author(s):  
Vera Zolotareva ◽  
Olesya Emelyanova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The State ◽  
Scale Transformation ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Catch Up

The article presents the author’s classification of the “catching-up modernization” models typical for Russia and Japan at the initial stage of acceleration of industrial development. The common features of the “state-national” model (Japan) and the “least resistance” model (Russia) are identified and characterized, and their comparative analysis is carried out. Particular attention is paid to the country features that have had a huge impact on the formation of national types of “catch-up modernization” model and their practical implementation. The role of the state, traditionally strong in Russia and Japan, is noted, and its change in the process of “catching up modernization” is traced. The degree of influence of endogenous and exogenous factors on the implementation of large-scale transformation of Russian and Japanese economic systems is analyzed. It is concluded that the development of national economies of the countries under consideration was a natural result and reflection of their types of the model of “catching-up modernization”.

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