Prevalence of sleep deprivation; poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness, among health faculties students, at King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study

Abstract: Introduction: Changes in the Sleep/Wake Cycle (SWC) of university students can have consequences on physical, mental and social health. In addition, some behaviors adopted at this stage may be associated with SWC impairment. Objective: Therefore, this study aims to identify which factors of social determinants of health (SDH) are associated with poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in university students. Method: This is a cross-sectional study that included 298 university students, aged between 18 and 35 years; 73.2% of the students were females and from the countryside of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Data were collected from the following questionnaires: Health and Sleep, Munich Chronotype Questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Epworth Sleepiness Scale. To assess the association of SDH with poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness, Poisson Regression with robust variance was performed. Result: The prevalence of poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness among the university students was 79.2% and 51.3%, respectively. Between the intermediate determinants of health, a higher prevalence rate of poor sleep quality was observed in students who reported health problems in the previous month (18.4%), smoked (23.5%), drank stimulating beverages close to bedtime (25.8%) and those who used electronic devices before bedtime during the week (18.4%) when compared to those who did not have these behaviors. Regarding excessive daytime sleepiness, students who justified bedtime during the week and wake-up time at the weekend because of the academic demand showed, respectively, 27% and 34% lower prevalence of EDS than the group that did not have these behaviors. Conclusions: The high prevalence of poor sleep quality and EDS observed among university students was associated to biological factors and most of them, behavioral factors.

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Sleep quality and daytime sleepiness in university students: prevalence and association with social determinants

Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica ◽

10.1590/1981-5271v45.2-20200182.ing ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Mayonara Fabíola Silva Araújo ◽

Xaíze de Fátima de Medeiros Lopes ◽

Carolina Virginia Macedo de Azevedo ◽

Diego de Sousa Dantas ◽

Jane Carla de Souza

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Social Determinants ◽

Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽

Daytime Sleepiness ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Determinants Of Health ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract: Introduction: Changes in the Sleep/Wake Cycle (SWC) of university students can have consequences on physical, mental and social health. In addition, some behaviors adopted at this stage may be associated with SWC impairment. Objective: Therefore, this study aims to identify which factors of social determinants of health (SDH) are associated with poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in university students. Method: This is a cross-sectional study that included 298 university students, aged between 18 and 35 years; 73.2% of the students were females and from the countryside of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Data were collected from the following questionnaires: Health and Sleep, Munich Chronotype Questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Epworth Sleepiness Scale. To assess the association of SDH with poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness, Poisson Regression with robust variance was performed. Result: The prevalence of poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness among the university students was 79.2% and 51.3%, respectively. Between the intermediate determinants of health, a higher prevalence rate of poor sleep quality was observed in students who reported health problems in the previous month (18.4%), smoked (23.5%), drank stimulating beverages close to bedtime (25.8%) and those who used electronic devices before bedtime during the week (18.4%) when compared to those who did not have these behaviors. Regarding excessive daytime sleepiness, students who justified bedtime during the week and wake-up time at the weekend because of the academic demand showed, respectively, 27% and 34% lower prevalence of EDS than the group that did not have these behaviors. Conclusions: The high prevalence of poor sleep quality and EDS observed among university students was associated to biological factors and most of them, behavioral factors.

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The prevalence and risk factors for depressive symptoms in frontline nurses under COVID-19 pandemic based on a large cross-sectional study using the propensity score-matched method

BMC Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/s12888-021-03143-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hongyan Wang ◽

Xiaoling Dai ◽

Zichuan Yao ◽

Xianqing Zhu ◽

Yunzhong Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Psychological Capital ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Introduction To explore the prevalence of depressive symptoms and the associated risk factors in frontline nurses under COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from February 20, 2020 to March 20, 2020 and involved 562 frontline nurses. The effective response rate was 87.68%. After propensity score matched, there were 498 participants left. Extensive characteristics, including demographics, dietary habits, life-related factors, work-related factors, and psychological factors were collected based on a self-reported questionnaire. Specific scales measured the levels of sleep quality, physical activity, depressive symptoms, perceived organization support and psychological capital. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were determined by binary paired logistic regression. Results Of the nurses enrolled in the study, 50.90% had depressive symptoms. Three independent risk factors were identified: poor sleep quality (OR = 1.608, 95% CI: 1.384–1.896), lower optimism of psychological capital (OR = 0.879, 95% CI: 0.805–0.960) and no visiting friend constantly (OR = 0.513, 95% CI: 0.286–0.920). Conclusions This study revealed a considerable high prevalence of depressive symptoms in frontline nurses during the COVID-19 outbreak, and identified three risk factors, which were poor sleep quality, lower optimism of psychological capital, and no visiting friend constantly. Protecting mental health of nurses is important for COVID-19 pandemic control and their wellbeing. These findings enrich the existing theoretical model of depression and demonstrated a critical need for additional strategies that could address the mental health in frontline nurses for policymakers.

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Excessive daytime sleepiness and sleep quality in medical students and their association with smartphone and internet addiction: A cross-sectional study

Annals of Indian Psychiatry ◽

10.4103/aip.aip_62_21 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

pp. 0

Author(s):

AnantprakashSiddharthkumar Saraf ◽

HarshalShriram Sathe ◽

Manoj Talapalliwar ◽

Vrushti Patil ◽

Vinay Kumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Internet Addiction ◽

Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽

Daytime Sleepiness ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

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Excessive daytime sleepiness with snoring or witnessed apnea is associated with handgrip strength: a population-based study

QJM ◽

10.1093/qjmed/hcz178 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 112 (11) ◽

pp. 847-853

Author(s):

X Cao ◽

Y Gu ◽

J Fu ◽

T Q C Vu ◽

Q Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽

Daytime Sleepiness ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Analysis Of Covariance ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Sarcopenia is emerging as an important public health problem, and evidences have determined that poor sleep is associated with muscle strength, but the potential effects of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), snoring and witnessed apnea on handgrip strength have not been evaluated. Aim We aimed to examine the association between EDS, snoring, witnessed apnea and muscle strength in an adult population. Design Cross-sectional study. Methods This cross-sectional study comprised 19 434 adults. Handgrip strength was measured using a handheld digital dynamometer. EDS was assessed by Epworth Sleepiness Scale, snoring and witnessed apnea during sleep were reported through simple yes/no questions. Analysis of covariance was carried out to determine the association between EDS with snoring or witnessed apnea and muscle strength. Results The means (95% confidence interval) for average handgrip strength/body weight (kg/kg) across symptoms categories were 0.396 (0.333–0.472), 0.393 (0.330–0.467), 0.396 (0.333–0.471) and 0.386 (0.325–0.460) (P < 0.0001), respectively. Similar results were observed with maximal handgrip strength/body weight (kg/kg). Conclusions Self-reported EDS accompanied with snoring or apnea is associated with lowest handgrip strength, independently of confounding factors. Whether improvement of EDS, snoring and apnea, can ameliorate age-associated decline in muscle strength warrants further studies.

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Sleep Quality and Associated Factors among Peoples with Epilepsy Who Have a Follow-Up at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019: An Institutional Based Cross-Sectional Study

Psychiatry Journal ◽

10.1155/2020/1402712 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Kemeriya Adem ◽

Tilahun Kassew ◽

Addis Birhanu ◽

Ayalew Abate

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Addis Ababa ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Specialized Hospital

Background. Sleep is an active cyclic biological phenomenon and necessary for survival. Individuals who suffer from sleep disturbance are less productive, decreased performance, and negative effects on mental health. Despite there are different studies on sleep quality in Ethiopia, no studies have been conducted on magnitude and predictors of sleep quality among people with epilepsy in the study setting. Objective. To assess sleep quality and associated factors among people with epilepsy who have a follow-up at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019. Method. An institution-based cross-sectional study was employed from May-June 2019. Systematic random sampling following face to face interview technique was employed. Epi-data version 3.1 and SPSS version 25 statistical packages were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. Frequencies, proportions, means, SDs, and cross-tabulations were used to summarize descriptive statistics of the data and tables, texts, and graphs were used for data presentation. To identify association and significant predictor with the outcome variable, binary logistic regression was fitted. The variable which has statistical significance was identified on the basis of p values ≤ 0.05 and AOR with 95% confident intervals. Results. A total of 423 participants have been enrolled to the study with a response rate of 98.1%. The prevalence of poor sleep quality among peoples live with epilepsy was found 65.4% (95% CI: 61.0, 69.9). Being female (AOR=2.94; (95% CI; 1.79, 4.85)), having stress full life events (AOR=2.38; (95% CI; 1.43, 3.97)), nonadherent to AED medication (AOR=1.86; (95% CI; 1.05, 2.78), poly-therapy treatment (AOR=2.24; (95% CI; 1.05, 2.78)), poor seizer control (AOR=2.4; (95% CI; 2.21, 12.46)), comorbid medical illness (AOR=2.6; (95% CI; 1.18, 5.61)), and anxiety (AOR=2.54; (95% CI; 1.52,4.24)) were factors significantly associated with poor sleep quality. Conclusion. This study revealed that more than half of the study participants were found to have poor sleep quality. So, considering the regular assessment of sleep quality and factors associated followed with appropriate intervention is recommended among peoples living with epilepsy.

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Poor Sleep Quality in Nurses Working or Having Worked Night Shifts: A Cross-Sectional Study

Frontiers in Neuroscience ◽

10.3389/fnins.2021.638973 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

Author(s):

Qiao Huang ◽

Chong Tian ◽

Xian-Tao Zeng

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Clinical Care ◽

Night Shift ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Consecutive Night ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Night Shifts

Night shifts are part of clinical care. It is unclear whether poor sleep quality of nurses working both consecutive night shifts and day shifts after quitting night shifts is common. In this cross-sectional study, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess sleep quality as study outcome. Univariable and multivariable linear and logistic regressions were performed to compare PSQI score and prevalence of poor sleep quality between 512 nurses currently working consecutive night shifts and 174 nurses having worked night shifts in the past. The prevalence of poor sleep quality was 62.11% in nurses working consecutive night shifts and 55.75% in nurses having worked night shifts before. In multivariable regressions with adjustment for potential confounders, compared with nurses working consecutive night shifts, nurses having worked past night shifts reported decreased PSQI score [mean difference: −0.82 (95% CI: −1.27 to −0.38, p < 0.001)] and lower poor sleep quality [odds ratio (OR): 0.49 (95% CI: 0.29 to 0.80, p = 0.005)]. In nurses working consecutive night shifts, a rising curve that plateaued at the end was observed between years of consecutive night shifts and PSQI score, p = 0.004. To explore the change in PSQI score after quitting night shift, we constructed a hypothetical prospective cohort from the cross-sectional data. Here, 98 pairs of nurses with consecutive and past night shifts were matched for the number of night shift years, religion, marital status, living condition, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. In each pair, a hypothetical change in PSQI score was calculated between the two types of nurses and hypothetical years after quitting night shifts was obtained from the matched nurse with past night shifts. A U-shaped curve between change in PSQI and years after quitting night shifts was observed, p = 0.007. The rising curve and U-shaped curve together formed an S-shaped curve, which mapped the change in sleep quality. These results based on the hypothetical cohort constructed from cross-sectional data suggested the presence of persistent poor sleep quality in night shift nurses. Also, we support early and continuous sleep hygiene education and reflection for an optimal strategy for when to cease working night shifts with regard to sleep-related problems.

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Effects of COVID-19 2021 lockdown on the sleep quality and mental health of undergraduate medical and dental students of Pakistan: A cross-sectional study.

10.1101/2021.07.17.21260690 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Naveen Siddique Sheikh ◽

Aiza Anwar ◽

Iqra Pervaiz ◽

Zunaira Arshad ◽

Huma Saeed Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dental Students ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical And Dental Students

Background and objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has been recognized as a cause of direct and indirect psychological consequences that impact mental health such as acute stress disorders, anxiety, irritability, poor concentration, and insomnia. This study was planned to evaluate the sleep quality and mental health of undergraduate students amidst the COVID-19 lockdown of 2021. Materials and Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was conducted in Lahore, Pakistan, where 261 undergraduate medical and dental students enrolled at a private medical and dental school were approached from March to May 2021. The Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to identify the sleep quality along with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) to establish anxiety symptoms and the Physical Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for depression symptoms. Results: The results show that 212 (81.2%) female and 49 (18.8%) male students participated in the study. Of the participants 75.1% experienced poor sleep quality, 90% had symptoms of depression, and 85.4% had symptoms of anxiety. The mean score on the PSQI scale was 8.59+4.10, on the GAD-7 scale was 11.36+5.94 and on the PHQ-9 scale was 13.70+6.81. Multiple regression analysis showed that anxiety symptoms (β = 0.315, p = 0.000) and depression symptoms (β = 0.398, p = 0.000) were significant predictors of sleep quality amongst the undergraduate medical and dental students. Conclusion: A high majority of the study participants are experiencing poor sleep quality along with suffering from depression and anxiety amidst the COVID-19 lockdown. It is concluded from the analysis that anxiety and depression symptoms are significant predictors of sleep quality. Relevant authorities need to set up systems that help undergraduate medical students in alleviating and coping with these symptoms midst the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Effect of Electronic Device Addiction on Sleep Quality and Academic Performance Among Health Care Students: Cross-sectional Study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.25662 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sultan Qanash ◽

Faisal Al-Husayni ◽

Haneen Falata ◽

Ohud Halawani ◽

Enas Jahra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Electronic Device ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health Care Students ◽

Increased Risk

BACKGROUND Sleep quality ensures better physical and psychological well-being. It is regulated through endogenous hemostatic, neurogenic, and circadian processes. Nonetheless, environmental and behavioral factors also play a role in sleep hygiene. Electronic device use is increasing rapidly and has been linked to many adverse effects, raising public health concerns. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the impact of electronic device addiction on sleep quality and academic performance among health care students in Saudi Arabia. METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from June to December 2019 at 3 universities in Jeddah. Of the 1000 students contacted, 608 students from 5 health sciences disciplines completed the questionnaires. The following outcome measures were used: Smartphone Addiction Scale for Adolescents–short version (SAS-SV), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and grade point average (GPA). RESULTS The median age of participants was 21 years, with 71.9% (437/608) being female. Almost all of the cohort used smartphones, and 75.0% (456/608) of them always use them at bedtime. Half of the students (53%) have poor sleep quality, while 32% are addicted to smartphone use. Using multivariable logistic regression, addiction to smartphones (SAS-SV score >31 males and >33 females) was significantly associated with poor sleep quality (PSQI >5) with an odds ratio of 1.8 (1.2-2.7). In addition, male gender and older students (age ≥21 years) were significantly associated with lower GPA (<4.5), with an odds ratio of 1.6 (1.1-2.3) and 2.3 (1.5-3.6), respectively; however, addiction to smartphones and poor sleep quality were not significantly associated with a lower GPA. CONCLUSIONS Electronic device addiction is associated with increased risk for poor sleep quality; however, electronic device addiction and poor sleep quality are not associated with increased risk for a lower GPA.

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