scholarly journals Yabani Baklagil Bitkilerinden, Mikrobiyal Gübre Olarak Kullanılan Rhizobium Spp. Bakterilerinin İzolasyonu

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Hatice Öğütcü ◽  
Ömer Faruk Algur
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Bromothymol Blue ◽  
Gram Stain ◽  
Leguminous Plants ◽  
Yeast Mannitol Agar ◽  
Analysis Of Results ◽  
Rhizobium Spp ◽  
Petri Dishes

In our study used wild leguminous plants (Medicago sativa, M. lupulina and M. varia ) Erzurum belongs to the high altitude (2000 - 2500m ) regions ( Palandöken mountain, Alibaba mountain, Turnagöl mountain, Hasanbaba mountain, Eğerli mountain, Yıldırım mountain, Çubuklu mountain, Deveboynu locality, Kayakyolu locality, Telsizler and Dumlu hill ) were collected during the months of June and July. Nodules were obtained from this plant were sterilized, YMA (Yeast Mannitol Agar) plates were streaked and petri dishes 28+1ºC were incubated for 3-5 days. Colonies appear after incubation typically constitute (white, clear or slightly opaque, mucosity, round, raised) 39 isolates were selected and transferred to tubes and refrigerated YMA were stored at +4ºC. In the next stage, cytological and biochemical analyzes of these isolates were studied to determine. For this purpose isolates; YMA containing bromothymol blue and congo red reproduction, gram stain reaction, movement and subjected to catalase and oxidase tests were evaluated. The cytological and biochemical analysis of results showed that 28 of 39 strains belonged to Rhizobium spp.

Plasmid replicons of Rhizobium

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.C. Crossman
Keyword(s):  
Short Review ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Rhizobium Etli ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Leguminous Plants ◽  
Symbiotic Plasmid ◽  
Rhizobium Spp ◽  
Plasmid Replicons ◽  
Rhizobium Sp

Rhizobium spp. are found in soil. They are both free-living and found symbiotically associated with the nodules of leguminous plants. Traditionally, studies have focused on the association of these organisms with plants in nitrogen-fixing nodules, since this is regarded as the most important role of these bacteria in the environment. Rhizobium sp. are known to possess several replicons. Some, like the Rhizobium etli symbiotic plasmid p42d and the plasmid pNGR234b of Rhizobium NGR234, have been sequenced and characterized. The plasmids from these organisms are the focus of this short review.

Evidence against involvement of pectic enzymes in the invasion of root hairs by Rhizobium trifolii

1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 643-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Macmillan ◽  
Roderic C. Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Root Hairs ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Pectin Lyase ◽  
Rhizobium Trifolii ◽  
Leguminous Plants ◽  
Pectic Enzymes ◽  
Lyase Activity ◽  
Rhizobium Spp ◽  
Polygalacturonate Lyase

It has been postulated that polygalacturonase is significant in the infection of root hairs of leguminous plants by Rhizobium spp. Recently this theory has been strongly questioned. Evidence for polygalacturonase was based on methods which would not distinguish between this enzyme and other pectic glycosidases. The possibility that pectin lyase or polygalacturonate lyase is involved in the invasion of red clover by Rhizobium trifolii was investigated. Weak pectin lyase activity was detected in uninoculated seedlings, but no increase in the activity was produced in inoculated seedlings. It was concluded that neither of the lyases has significance in the infection process.

Sorption of hydrophilic dyes on anodic aluminium oxide films and application to pH sensing

The Analyst ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 140 (3) ◽  
pp. 771-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliya E. Silina ◽  
Tatyana A. Kuchmenko ◽  
Dietrich A. Volmer
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Orange ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Rhodamine 6G ◽  
Aluminium Oxide ◽  
Bromothymol Blue ◽  
Bromophenol Blue ◽  
Bromocresol Purple ◽  
Ph Sensing ◽  
Alizarin Red ◽  
Ph Sensitive Dyes

The sorption of selected hydrophilic pH-sensitive dyes (bromophenol blue, bromothymol blue, bromocresol purple, alizarin red, methyl orange, congo red, rhodamine 6G) on films of anodized aluminium oxide (AAO) was investigated in this study.

scholarly journals Diversity, activity, and effectiveness of Rhizobium bacteria as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) isolated from Dieng, central Java

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Purwaningsih ◽  
Dwi Agustiyani ◽  
Satjiya Antonius
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Bromothymol Blue ◽  
Protease Enzyme ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing

Background and Objectives: This study was aimed to isolate Rhizobium spp., from the plant rhizosphere and to investigate their effects on the growth of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Materials and Methods: The isolates were characterized using YEMA, YEMA + Congo Red, and YEMA + Bromothymol blue (BTB) media. The Rhizobium was tested qualitatively for their ability to produce indole acetic acid (IAA), siderophores, proteases, nitrogenases as well as phosphate solubilizing activity. A greenhouse experiment was carried out to elucidate the effect of Rhizobium inoculation on Arachis hypogaea L. growth. Results: Eleven isolates were obtained in YEMA media and they were red-pink in the YEMA + Congo Red media. The YEMA + BTB test showed that 2 isolates were slow-growing and the rest were fast-growing isolates. Seven isolates produced siderophores, 5 were capable of phosphate solubilizing, 9 isolates produced protease enzyme, 4 isolates could produce IAA, and 7 isolates could fix nitrogen. The B1 and the combination of some high trait-isolate treatments in Y gave the best results on Arachis hypogaea L. growth. Conclusion: These isolates can be developed as biological fertilizer agents for the peanut plant.

Enrichment, Isolation, and Virulence of Freeze-Stressed Plasmid-Bearing Virulent Strains of Yersinia enterocolitica on Pork†

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 1983-1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAUMYA BHADURI
Keyword(s):  
Yersinia Enterocolitica ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Foodborne Illness ◽  
Virulence Plasmid ◽  
Calcium Response ◽  
Serotype O ◽  
Virulent Strains ◽  
Freeze Stress ◽  
Petri Dishes

The influence of freeze stress at −20°C on the enrichment, isolation, detection, presence of virulence plasmid, and expression of virulence of plasmid-bearing Yersinia enterocolitica (YEP+) inoculated on pork chop medallions was assessed. Pork chop medallions (10 cm2) artificially contaminated with 10, 1, and 0.5 CFU/cm2 of YEP+ strains (serotype O:3) were placed in sterile petri dishes at −20°C for 24 h. The medallions were swabbed when frozen, after thawing at room temperature for 1.5 h and after thawing at 4°C for 18 h. Swabs were enriched and YEP+ were detected and isolated using the Congo red– binding and low-calcium-response assays. The YEP+ were isolated under all conditions on pork chop medallions inoculated with 10 CFU/cm2 and at a level of 1 CFU/cm2 when thawed at room temperature and at 4°C but not from frozen pork chop medallions. The YEP+ were not isolated from pork chop medallions inoculated with 0.5 CFU/cm2 and then frozen, whereas YEP+ were recovered when inoculated at this level from pork chop medallions not subjected to freezing. Virulence of the strains isolated from frozen pork chop medallions was confirmed by PCR and the expression of plasmid-associated phenotypes. These results indicate that YEP+ subjected to freezing on pork are potentially capable of causing foodborne illness and that freezing is not a substitute for safe handling and proper cooking of pork.

scholarly journals Rhizospheric rhizobia identification in maize (Zea mays L.) plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-262
Author(s):  
Reneé Pérez-Pérez ◽  
Maxime Oudot ◽  
Lizette Serrano ◽  
Ionel Hernández ◽  
María Nápoles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Shape ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rhizospheric Soil ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
16S Rdna Gene ◽  
Leguminous Plants ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Yeast Mannitol Agar ◽  
16S Rdna Gene Sequencing

Rhizobia have been studied for the symbiosis that they establish with the roots of legumes. However, the colonization and promotion of growth in non-leguminous plants has also been demonstrated. The aim of this work was the biochemical and molecular identification of rhizosphere rhizobia present inthe rhizosphere of two commercial maize cultivars. Cultivableisolates were obtained in yeast-mannitol-agar (YMA) mediumfrom rhizospheric soil and the rhizoplane. The cultural (size,color, mucus, etc.), morphological, and staining (cell shape,response to staining and sporulation) characteristics weredetermined as well as isolate responses to eight biochemicaltests (acid-base production, citrate, oxidase, catalase, H2Sproduction, urease, gelatinase and the oxidative-fermentativeassay) that are valuable for rhizobia identification. The genuswas determined by 16S rDNA gene sequencing. We obtained 81total isolates of which 30.86% showed the cultural, morphological and staining characteristics expected for rhizobia and only 20% of these corresponded to the genus Rhizobium.

scholarly journals Effects of plasmid curing on Rhizobium spp.

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukitu Nahar ◽  
Zinat Mahal ◽  
Hasan M Zahid ◽  
Khadiza Zaman ◽  
Fahmida Jahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Plasmid Profile ◽  
Plasmid Curing ◽  
Rhizobial Strain ◽  
Symbiotic Relationships ◽  
Rhizobial Species ◽  
Rhizobium Spp ◽  
The Difference

Present study was carried out to determine the difference between the wild type rhizobial strains and plasmid cured strains for some important characteristics such as antibiotic resistance. The rhizobial strains were isolated from locally produced legumes of different varieties such as Pisum sativum, Sesbania aculeata, Vigna mungo, Phaseolus vulgaris, Lens culinaris and Arachis hypogea.They were purified and subjected to various morphological, cultural and biochemical analysis, and also to antibiogram. All the strains showed resistance against amoxicillin and bacitracin, and exhibited higher (50% or more) resistance against ampicillin, erythromycin, nalidixic acid and strptomycin. The isolates were then subjected to plasmid profile analysis. To determine appropriate dose for plasmid curing, Sesbania nodulating rhizobial strain was treated with different concentrations of acridine orange (plasmid curing agent). Rhizobial growth was found in yeast mannitol broth after curing with 30 ?g/ml of acridine orrange. The rhizobial strain was found to be sensitive against amoxicillin, streptomycin and ampicillin after plasmid curing and no exopolysaccharides were found. The present study reveals that the plasmid in rhizobial species might confer the antibiotic resistance and possibly involve in maintaining symbiotic relationships. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sjm.v2i1.15212 Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.2(1) 2012: 34-37

Expression of Nodulation Genes in Rhizobium and Acid-Sensitivity of Nodule Formation

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
AE Richardson ◽  
MA Djordjevic ◽  
BG Rolfe ◽  
RJ Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Root Exudates ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Leguminous Plants ◽  
Acid Sensitivity ◽  
Coordinated Expression ◽  
Rhizobium Spp ◽  
Nod Gene Expression ◽  
Inducing Factors

The formation of nitrogen-fixing nodules on roots of leguminous plants by Rhizobium spp. involves a complex interaction between host plant and symbiont. Successful nodulation requires the coordinated expression of several nodulation (nod) genes in the bacteria. The expression of these genes is induced by flavonoid compounds present in root exudates of host plants. Growth of Rhizobium spp. and formation of nodules on roots of leguminous plants is known to be adversely affected by low pH and factors associated with soil acidity, but the basis of this acid-sensitivity is poorly understood. We consider that poor induction of nodulation gene expression in Rhizobium is a major factor contributing to the acid-sensitivity of nodulation formation. At low pH, induction of nod gene expression in R. leguminosarum biovar trifolii is markedly reduced in the presence of flavone-inducer. Furthermore, inducibility of nod gene expression in R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii is also affected by a net reduction in the concentration of nod gene-inducing factors present in the root exudates of clover seedlings grown in acidic conditions.

scholarly journals MOLYBDENUM-REDUCING AND AZO-DYE DECOLORIZING SERRATIA MARCESCENS STRAIN NENI-1 FROM INDONESIAN SOIL

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-123
Author(s):  
Neni Gusmanizar ◽  
Mohd Izuan Effendi Halmi ◽  
Rusnam Mansur ◽  
Mohd Fadhil Abd Rahman ◽  
Mohd Shukri Shukor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Absorption Spectrum ◽  
Serratia Marcescens ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Phosphate Concentration ◽  
Tentative Identification ◽  
Molybdenum Blue

Heavy metals and organic xenobiotics including dyes are important industrial components with their usage amounting to the millions of tonnes yearly. Their presence in the environment is a serious pollution issue globally. Bioremediation of these pollutants using microbes with multiple detoxification capacity is constantly being sought. In this work we screen the ability of a molybdenum-reducing bacterium isolated from contaminated soil to decolorize various azo and triphenyl methane dyes. The bacterium reduces molybdate to molybdenum blue (Mo-blue) optimally at pH 6.0, and temperatures of between 25 and 40oC. Glucose was the best electron donor for supporting molybdate reduction followed by sucrose, trehalose, maltose, d-sorbitol, d-mannitol, d-mannose, myo-inositol, glycerol and salicin in descending order. Other requirements include a phosphate concentration of between 5.0 and 7.5 mM and a molybdate concentration between 10 and 20 mM. The absorption spectrum of the Mo-blue produced was similar to previous Mo-reducing bacterium, and closely resembles a reduced phosphomolybdate. Molybdenum reduction was inhibited by copper, silver and mercury at 2 ppm by 43.8%, 42.3% and 41.7%, respectively. We screen for the ability of the bacterium to decolorize various dyes. The bacterium was able to decolorize the dye Congo Red. Biochemical analysis resulted in a tentative identification of the bacterium as Serratia marcescens strain Neni-1. The ability of this bacterium to detoxify molybdenum and decolorize azo dye makes this bacterium an important tool for bioremediation.

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