scholarly journals Climate change induced decadal variations in hydrodynamic conditions and their influence on benthic habitats of the Estonian coastal sea

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ü. Suursaar ◽  
T. Kullas ◽  
A. Kovtun ◽  
K. Torn ◽  
R. Aps
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Hydrodynamic Conditions ◽  
Benthic Habitats ◽  
Coastal Sea ◽  
Decadal Variations

Spatial distribution of marine benthic habitats in the Estonian coastal sea, northeastern Baltic Sea

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Martin ◽  
J Kotta ◽  
T Möller ◽  
K Herkül
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Benthic Habitats ◽  
Coastal Sea

Capacity of climate models to capture multi-decadal hydrological variations over France

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Boé ◽  
Rémy Bonnet
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Global Climate Models ◽  
Climate Change Signal ◽  
River Flows ◽  
Climate Reconstructions ◽  
Decadal Variations ◽  
Instrumental Period

<p>In France, large multi-decadal variations in river flows have occurred over the instrumental period. These multi-decadal variations, likely of internal origin, could be a major source of uncertainties in the evolution of river flows during the 21st century, and especially during the coming decades, when the climate change signal is weaker. Depending on their phase, these variations might indeed strongly temporarily amplify or weaken (and even possibly reverse) the signal of climate change. From an adaptation perspective, it is crucial that hydrological projections correctly capture the amplitude of these multi-decadal variations, so that the associated uncertainties can be correctly estimated. The realism of hydrological projections in this context lies to a large extent in the realism of climate models, used at the first stage of the vast majority of the studies of the impacts of climate change.</p><p>The brevity of the instrumental record makes it difficult to characterize robustly multi-decadal hydro-climate variations, and the lack of observations for important hydrological variables makes it difficult to understand the mechanisms at play. The evaluation of climate models in this context is therefore also particularly challenging. </p><p>In this presentation, I will describe our work to better characterize hydrological variations over France in terms of amplitude and mechanisms, thanks to joint use of newly developed hydrological reconstructions beginning in the mid-nineteenth century, long observations from data-rescue efforts and paleo-climate reconstructions. Based on this work, I will then describe the results of the evaluation of multi-decadal hydrological variations in current global climate models, in terms of amplitude and associated mechanisms, taking into account the very large sampling uncertainties associated with the characterization of multi-decadal variations on relatively short periods. </p>

Coastal sea level prediction for climate change

1999 ◽  
pp. 377-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
David T. Pugh ◽  
George A. Maul
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Coastal Sea

Climate change trends in some of the rubber growing regions of North-East India

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shammi Raj
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Change Analysis ◽  
North East India ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
North East ◽  
Sunshine Hours ◽  
Decadal Variations ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
Limited Moisture

<div><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>Climate change   analysis has been conducted using daily surface meteorological datasets in   respect of nine parameters from five rubber growing locations in the East and   North-East India. Monthly, seasonal and annual variability in meteorological   parameters showed decreasing trends in relative humidity, sunshine hours and   pan evaporation rates coupled with increasing temperature extremes. Rise in   mean temperature was seen to be highest (0.34 0C per decade) for Dhenkanal   which experiences dry sub-humid type of climate. The data on relative humidity   and temperature also revealed the fact that warm surface temperatures, along   with limited moisture availability, may lead to lower relative humidity in   the future, since all the stations are away from the moist coastal belts.   Decreasing trends in sunshine hours were mainly observed during winter and   post monsoon seasons with decreasing number of days even with the optimum   required daily sunshine hours. The fact that there were no significant   changes in the amount of rainfall or the number of rainy days was in   conformity with several earlier reports in the northeast. Mean monthly   decadal variations have also been tested with earlier and recent sets. With   long term trends in most of the weather parameters, being lesser when   compared to that of the traditional rubber growing regions in India, it is   imperative that for rubber cultivation to thrive in this non-traditional   belt, future policy inputs will have to be based depending on the magnitude   of climate change effects.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

Ecosystem-based adaptation in marine ecosystems of tropical Oceania in response to climate change.

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
H S Grantham ◽  
E McLeod ◽  
A Brooks ◽  
S D Jupiter ◽  
J Hardcastle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Decadal Variations

Tropical Oceania, including Melanesia, Polynesia, Micronesia and northern Australia, is one of the most biodiverse regions of the world. Climate change impacts have already occurred in the region and will become one of the greatest threats to biodiversity and people. Climate projections indicate that sea levels will rise in many places but not uniformly. Islands will warm and annual rainfall will increase and exhibit strong decadal variations. Increases in global atmospheric CO2 concentration are causing ocean acidification, compromising the ability of organisms such as corals to maintain their calcium carbonate skeletons. We discuss these climate threats and their implications for the biodiversity of several ecosystems (coral reefs, seagrass and mangroves) in the region. We highlight current adaptation approaches designed to address these threats, including efforts to integrate ecosystem and community-based approaches. Finally, we identify guiding principles for developing effective ecosystem-based adaptation strategies. Despite broad differences in governance and social systems within the region, particularly between Australia and the rest of the Pacific, threats and planning objectives are similar. Ensuring community awareness and participation are essential everywhere. The science underpinning ecosystem-based adaptation strategies is in its infancy but there is great opportunity for communicating approaches and lessons learnt between developing and developed nations in tropical Oceania.

scholarly journals Análise Descritiva da Precipitação, Temperatura, Umidade e Tendências Climáticas no Recife - Pe

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (07) ◽  
pp. 3234
Author(s):  
Roni Valter De Souza Guedes ◽  
Thiago Luiz Do Vale Silva
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Climate Trends ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Decadal Variations

Os efeitos das mudanças climáticas sobre as principais variáveis atmosféricas locais é o objeto deste estudo, a partir de dados de 1961 a 2019 para a localidade do Recife-PE. A metodologia engloba uma análise exploratória e descritiva com distribuição de frequencia por faixas de intensidades pluviométricas e identificação de tendências em escalas temporais diversificadas em meses, quadras, estações, anos e décadas das variaveis precipitação, temperaturas e umidade do ar. Verificou-se redução das precipitações em algumas faixas intermediárias e aumento dos dias sem chuva, chuvas leves e chuvas intensas, com tendência anual da precipitação de diminuição ao longo das décadas. Observou-se também tendências de aumento das temperaturas máximas, mínimas e diminuição das umidades, com taxas diferenciadas entre os meses secos e chuvosos, com maiores variações nas estações de transição e indicativo de verões mais quentes e secos. A conclusão é que o clima do Recife está mudando alguns padrões climatológicos, com tendência de chuvas extremas durante a quadra chuvosa e provável aumento de ondas de calor fora do periodo chuvoso.  Descriptive Analysis of Precipitation, Temperature, Humidity and Climate Trends in Recife - PE A B S T R A C TThis study aims to describe and evaluate the changes and trends of meteorological variables in Recife - PE during the period from 1961 to 2019 and verify indications of climatic changes over the Region. The methodology includes an exploratory and descriptive analysis with frequency distribution by ranges of rainfall intensity and identifying trends in temporal scales of precipitation, temperatures, and air humidity. The results pointed a precipitation reduction in ranges between 10 to 70 mm, an increase in the number of days without rain, in rains below 10 mm, and rains with intensity above 100 mm, however, with a trend in the annual accumulated rainfall reduction in recent decades. There was an evident trend towards increasing maximum and minimum temperatures and decreasing relative humidity in the air, with different rates between the dry and rainy months, with emphasis on more significant variations in the transition seasons and indicative of hotter and drier summers, divergent behavior of the minimum temperature, stabilizing during the rainy season, and reduction in the last decade. Thus, the rate of increasing maximum temperature is more than 0.23ºC/decade, while the minimum temperature is rising 0.13ºC/decade, and the relative humidity is decreasing at a rate of 0.53%/decade. The local climate change at Recife registered different behaviors on seasonal scales and diversity in climatological patterns, with an increase in the concentration of extreme rainfall in the rainy season, a decrease in rainfall in the driest periods. Also, an increase in the probability of the occurrence of heatwaves.Keywords: Climate change, intensity frequencies, seasonal and decadal variations

scholarly journals Global Intercomparison of Hyper-Resolution ECOSTRESS Coastal Sea Surface Temperature Measurements from the Space Station with VIIRS-N20

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 5021
Author(s):  
Nicolas Weidberg ◽  
David S. Wethey ◽  
Sarah A. Woodin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Return Time ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Clear Sky ◽  
Brightness Temperatures ◽  
Coastal Sea

The ECOSTRESS multi-channel thermal radiometer on the Space Station has an unprecedented spatial resolution of 70 m and a return time of hours to 5 days. It resolves details of oceanographic features not detectable in imagery from MODIS or VIIRS, and has open-ocean coverage, unlike Landsat. We calibrated two years of ECOSTRESS sea surface temperature observations with L2 data from VIIRS-N20 (2019–2020) worldwide but especially focused on important upwelling systems currently undergoing climate change forcing. Unlike operational SST products from VIIRS-N20, the ECOSTRESS surface temperature algorithm does not use a regression approach to determine temperature, but solves a set of simultaneous equations based on first principles for both surface temperature and emissivity. We compared ECOSTRESS ocean temperatures to well-calibrated clear sky satellite measurements from VIIRS-N20. Data comparisons were constrained to those within 90 min of one another using co-located clear sky VIIRS and ECOSTRESS pixels. ECOSTRESS ocean temperatures have a consistent 1.01 °C negative bias relative to VIIRS-N20, although deviation in brightness temperatures within the 10.49 and 12.01 µm bands were much smaller. As an alternative, we compared the performance of NOAA, NASA, and U.S. Navy operational split-window SST regression algorithms taking into consideration the statistical limitations imposed by intrinsic SST spatial autocorrelation and applying corrections on brightness temperatures. We conclude that standard bias-correction methods using already validated and well-known algorithms can be applied to ECOSTRESS SST data, yielding highly accurate products of ultra-high spatial resolution for studies of biological and physical oceanography in a time when these are needed to properly evaluate regional and even local impacts of climate change.

scholarly journals Studies on benthic communities of rocky shores on the Brazilian coast and climate change monitoring: status of knowledge and challenges

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (spe2) ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Coutinho ◽  
Luciana Erika Yaginuma ◽  
Fernanda Siviero ◽  
Julio César Q. P. dos Santos ◽  
María Soledad López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Rocky Shores ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Benthic Habitats ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Change Monitoring

Abstract A rocky shores working group (WG) integrated with ReBentos (Monitoring Network for Coastal Benthic Habitats; Rede de Monitoramento de Habitats Bentônicos Costeiros) was created and linked to the Coastal Zones Sub Network of the Climate Network (MCT; Sub-Rede Zonas Costeiras da Rede Clima) and to the National Institute of Science and Technology for Climate Change (INCT-MC; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia para Mudanças Climáticas), to study the vulnerability of benthic communities on rocky shores and the effects of environmental changes on biomes in such environments along the Brazilian coast. The synthesis presented here was one of the products of this GT, and aimed to collect and review existing knowledge on benthic communities present on rocky shores of the Brazilian coast, their associated biodiversity, and the potential of future studies to accurately predict/measure the effects of climate change on such environments and their biota.

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