scholarly journals From Data to Knowledge Engineering for Cybersecurity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo I. Simari
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Knowledge Engineering ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Cyber Threats ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Near Future

Data present in a wide array of platforms that are part of today's information systems lies at the foundation of many decision making processes, as we have now come to depend on social media, videos, news, forums, chats, ads, maps, and many other data sources for our daily lives. In this article, we first discuss how such data sources are involved in threats to systems' integrity, and then how they can be leveraged along with knowledge-based tools to tackle a set of challenges in the cybersecurity domain. Finally, we present a brief discussion of our roadmap for research and development in the near future to address the set of ever-evolving cyber threats that our systems face every day.

Errors in Surgical Neuropathology and the Influence of Cognitive Biases: The Psychology of Intelligence Analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 130 (5) ◽  
pp. 613-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger E. McLendon
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Psychology ◽  
Medical Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Intelligence Analysis ◽  
First Impression ◽  
Decision Making Processes

Abstract Context.—A significant difficulty that pathologists encounter in arriving at a correct diagnosis is related to the way information from various sources is processed and assimilated in context. Objective.—These issues are addressed by the science of cognitive psychology. Although cognitive biases are the focus of a number of studies on medical decision making, few if any focus on the visual sciences. Data Sources.—A recent publication authored by Richards Heuer, Jr, The Psychology of Intelligence Analysis, directly addresses many of the cognitive biases faced by neuropathologists and anatomic pathologists in general. These biases include visual anticipation, first impression, and established mindsets and subconsciously influence our critical decision-making processes. Conclusions.—The book points out that while biases are an inherent property of cognition, the influence of such biases can be recognized and the effects blunted.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON MIGRATION DECISION-MAKING PROCESSES: Case of Indonesian Student in University of Groningen

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 515
Author(s):  
Inayah Hidayati
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Migration Decision ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Migration Behavior ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Destination Area ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Impact

Objective: This research aims to explain the impact of social media on the migration decision-making process of Indonesian student migrants in University of Groningen who used a social media account. In detail, this research will consider the role of social media in the migration decision-making process of students who emigrated from Indonesia and how they uses social media in the context of the migration decision-making process. Methods: The data collected included qualitative data from in-depth interviews and supported by study literatures. An interview guide was formulated to facilitate the indepth interviews and generate a better understanding of migration behavior. Expectation: Social media help Indonesian student migrants on migration decision making process and they use social media for searching information about destination area. Result: Student migrant in University of Groningen use their social media to gain information before they choose that university for study. They use Facebook to making contact with their friends and collagues in the destination country. Student group on Facebook help Indonesian student to get information about school and daily life.

Web Platform for Public E-Participation Management

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Quental ◽  
Luis Borges Gouveia
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Grade Levels ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
National Federation ◽  
Communication Gap ◽  
Web Platform

The e-participation can be considered an area under constant focus. This paper presents a brief analysis of e-participation and e-democracy, and proposes a platform for electronic participation based on social media principles, designed to gather teachers and unions in a shared deliberative space. Interaction and collaboration are supported through questions, answers, suggestions, comments, votes, surveys and live debates. This proposal is intended to narrow the communication gap between teachers and unions and encourage teachers to become involved and participate in educational debates and important topics about the profession. The platform presented enables effective participation in formal and informal decision-making processes via the Internet, either as standalone or widgets with full integration into any Website. It is under constant development and will be improved along with this project. The actors in this study were chosen from the National Federation of Teachers due to its representativeness regarding associate teachers and provide an opportunity to assess the platform potential to support participation in a union context. The platform will be used in a trade union linked to teachers of several grade levels to understand their participation in this organization.

Web Platform for Public E-Participation Management

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Quental ◽  
Luis Borges Gouveia
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Grade Levels ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
National Federation ◽  
Communication Gap ◽  
Web Platform

The e-participation can be considered an area under constant focus. This paper presents a brief analysis of e-participation and e-democracy, and proposes a platform for electronic participation based on social media principles, designed to gather teachers and unions in a shared deliberative space. Interaction and collaboration are supported through questions, answers, suggestions, comments, votes, surveys and live debates. This proposal is intended to narrow the communication gap between teachers and unions and encourage teachers to become involved and participate in educational debates and important topics about the profession. The platform presented enables effective participation in formal and informal decision-making processes via the Internet, either as standalone or widgets with full integration into any Website. It is under constant development and will be improved along with this project. The actors in this study were chosen from the National Federation of Teachers due to its representativeness regarding associate teachers and provide an opportunity to assess the platform potential to support participation in a union context. The platform will be used in a trade union linked to teachers of several grade levels to understand their participation in this organization.

Deepening the Use of Social Media and Tourism Travel Behaviour

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia Ribeiro de Almeida ◽  
Célia M.Q. Ramos ◽  
Maria del Mar Alonso Almeida ◽  
Paula Odete Fernandes ◽  
Lucas Estrada Gamarra
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Distribution Chain ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Travel Decision ◽  
Tourist Information

The Internet has transformed people's daily lives, not only in the search of information but above all giving the possibility of buying several products and services in a quick and easy way. Social networks have emerged as the quintessential medium for sharing experiences and communicating tourist information to all players in the tourism distribution chain. Today, we can sell, search, consume, connect, and share experiences related to our travel or services on different social media platforms and some online communities that share the same interests. The focus of this chapter is to point out the use of social media along the travel process in order to understand the behaviour of tourists before, during, and after trip. Having in mind the travel decision-making process the authors prepared a questionnaire with several questions spread through Facebook and answered by 95 people. The authors present the results and main conclusions in the chapter.

The future of national tourism organisations marketing functions – there is no future?

2019 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Hay
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
Power Relationships ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Friendship Groups ◽  
The Future ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Marketing Information ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Near Future

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of two micro trends on the future marketing functions of national tourism organisations (NTOs): the increasing power of individuals and the irreverence of NTO’s current marketing functions. Design/methodology/approach Through a discussion of the literature driving the two identified micro-trends, a number of supportive sub-micro trends were also identified and explored. Findings The paper concludes that NTO’s have failed to recognise the growing distrust of monolithic organisations. NTO’s seem to be more concerned about their own survival, rather than providing a service to both their citizens and tourists. Also NTO’s have failed to acknowledge that tourists are much more confident in making their own decisions, based on marketing information from their own trusted “closed friendship groups”, rather than relying on NTO’s. Research limitations/implications The paper is based on a discussion of issues from only two micro-trends, but tourist decision-making processes may be more complex than suggested. Practical implications The paper concludes that in the near future there will be an increasing rejection of NTO’s marketing information, and in the longer term this may result in the demise of NTO’s. However, if NTO’s are to survive, it suggests two actions they could take to ensure their future relevance to both its citizens and tourists. Social implications Questioning whether national/state organisations always act in the best interests of its citizens, challenges the trust in NTO’s. The paper suggests that NTO’s recognise that their power relationships are more strongly linked to ideals of nationhood and endorsement by their international peers, rather than providing services to tourists. Originality/value This paper questions the implicate assumption that NTO’s should be a trusted source of marketing information. It suggests that NTO’s have failed to recognise the changing methods tourist use to help in their decision making.

E-Governance in educational settings

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 818-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Sideri ◽  
Angeliki Kitsiou ◽  
Ariadni Filippopoulou ◽  
Christos Kalloniatis ◽  
Stefanos Gritzalis
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Leadership Practices ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Educational Settings ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Participatory Decision Making ◽  
Media Usage ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Education Field

Purpose Even though social media are nowadays used in the frame of public governance to ensure citizens’ major participation, enhance e-dialogue and e-democracy consequently, this utilization has not been expanded yet in the field of education, whose key role focuses on the cultivation of active citizenship, as it is promoted through participation. The purpose of this paper is to examine leadership’s views of Greek Secondary and Tertiary Education on the potential use of social media for participatory decision-making processes in order to identify if the e-participation model could be implemented in the Greek education field as in other public domains. Design/methodology/approach An exploratory research was elaborated, employing a survey design of quantitative method in order to explore Greek educational organizations leadership’s perspectives toward social media usage in participatory decision-making processes. Findings The research reveals Greek educational leadership’s positive view on the potential effects of social media usage in participatory decision-making processes and highlights anticipated benefits as well as problems to be faced, indicating the foundation for Greek leaders to implement social media in their leadership practices and exploit their affordances as in e-governance shifts. Practical implications Bringing the concept of e-participation and crowd sourcing model – key features in e-governance initiatives through social media usage – in education field, Greek educational leadership is informed to consider social media utilization more methodically in the context of participatory decision-making processes, updating simultaneously existing leadership practices. Originality/value Up till now, social media usage in participatory decision-making processes in educational settings has hardly received attention.

scholarly journals Exploring Peoples' Perception of Autonomy and Reactance in Everyday AI Interactions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supraja Sankaran ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Henk Aarts ◽  
Panos Markopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
The Social ◽  
Human Autonomy ◽  
Design Fiction

Applications using Artificial Intelligence (AI) have become commonplace and embedded in our daily lives. Much of our communication has transitioned from human–human interaction to human–technology or technology-mediated interaction. As technology is handed over control and streamlines choices and decision-making in different contexts, people are increasingly concerned about a potential threat to their autonomy. In this paper, we explore autonomy perception when interacting with AI-based applications in everyday contexts using a design fiction-based survey with 328 participants. We probed if providing users with explanations on “why” an application made certain choices or decisions influenced their perception of autonomy or reactance regarding the interaction with the applications. We also looked at changes in perception when users are aware of AI's presence in an application. In the social media context, we found that people perceived a greater reactance and lower sense of autonomy perhaps owing to the personal and identity-sensitive nature of the application context. Providing explanations on “why” in the navigation context, contributed to enhancing their autonomy perception, and reducing reactance since it influenced the users' subsequent actions based on the recommendation. We discuss our findings and the implications it has for the future development of everyday AI applications that respect human autonomy.

scholarly journals Preparations for Implementation of RDA in New Zealand Public Libraries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Chloe Samantha Turner
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Library Of Congress ◽  
National Library ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Near Future

<p>This study examines how New Zealand public libraries will implement the new cataloguing standard of RDA by investigating what preparations for implementation they are making. This study uses a qualitative methodology. The researcher interviewed seven Heads of Cataloguing from public libraries in the lower North Island. These interviews were then analysed to bring out common themes and any differences between interviews. Public libraries in New Zealand are not currently planning on implementing RDA. This will come in the near future when the Library of Congress and then the National Library release their decisions on the implementation of RDA As the last cataloguing change was over thirty years ago, public libraries are likely to be uncertain about what they will need to do to implement this change and how it will affect them. This research will be useful in that it will allow other New Zealand public libraries to see how various libraries are preparing for RDA. This information can then be used to aid in their own decision-making processes.</p>

scholarly journals Using Grey-based Mathematical Equations of Decision-making as Teaching Scaffolds: from an Unplugged Computational Thinking Activity to Computer Programming

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-46
Author(s):  
Meng-Leong How ◽  
Chee-Kit Looi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Computational Thinking ◽  
Computer Code ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Mathematical Equations ◽  
Problem Solving Strategies ◽  
Software Code ◽  
Crucial Part

Computational Thinking (CT) is pervasive in our daily lives and is useful for problem-solving. Decision-making is a crucial part of problem-solving. In the extant literature, problem-solving strategies in educational settings are often conveniently attributed to intuition; however, it is well documented that computer programmers might even have difficulty describing about their intuitive insights during problem-solving using natural language (such as English), and subsequently convert what has been described using words into software code. Hence, a more analytical approach using mathematical equations and descriptions of CT is offered in this paper as a potential form of rudimentary scaffolding, which might be useful to facilitators and learners of CT-related activities. In the present paper, the decision-making processes during an unplugged CT activity are delineated via Grey-based mathematical equations, which is useful for informing educators who may wish to explain to their learners about the various aspects of CT which are involved in the unplugged activity and simultaneously use these mathematical equations as scaffolds between the unplugged activity and computer code programming. This theoretical manuscript may serve as a base for learners, should the facilitator ask them to embark on a software programming activity that is closely associated to the unplugged CT activity.

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