scholarly journals A Framework for Monitoring Evolution and its Drivers in Training Simulators

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Ebba Thora Hvannberg
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Interactive Systems ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Interactive Software ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
System Evolution ◽  
Technical Systems

Systems evolve with societal, business and technological changes. Because of these changes, socio-technical systems need to adapt to new situations that were unknown at the time of design. Good knowledge of system evolution can help with that adaption.  Although the evolution of software and interactive systems has been broadly debated, little research has been conducted on the specific genre of systems and even less empirical research on the evolution of interactive software has been performed. We propose a three-dimensional framework which consists of what changes during the evolution of training simulators, what are the drivers for those changes and how the changes effect innovation and robustness of the training simulators. By reviewing the literature on training simulators, we argue for this framework. The contribution of the paper is a framework that can be used to carry out empirical studies on evolution of training simulators.

scholarly journals Osteopathic empirical research: a bibliometric analysis from 1966 to 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantal Morin ◽  
Isabelle Gaboury
Keyword(s):  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Body Part ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
System Body

Abstract Background Despite the increasing use of osteopathy, a manipulative complementary and alternative medicine therapy, in the general population, its efficacy continues to be debated. In this era of evidence-based practice, no studies have previously reviewed the scientific literature in the field to identify published knowledge, trends and gaps in empirical research. The aims of this bibliometric analysis are to describe characteristics of articles published on the efficacy of osteopathic interventions and to provide an overall portrait of their impacts in the scientific literature. Methods A bibliometric analysis approach was used. Articles were identified with searches using a combination of relevant MeSH terms and indexing keywords about osteopathy and research designs in MEDLINE and CINAHL databases. The following indicators were extracted: country of primary author, year of publication, journals, impact factor of the journal, number of citations, research design, participants’ age group, system/body part addressed, primary outcome, indexing keywords and types of techniques. Results A total of 389 articles met the inclusion criteria. The number of empirical studies doubled every 5 years, with the United States, Italy, Spain, and United Kingdom being the most productive countries. Twenty-three articles were cited over 100 times. Articles were published in 103 different indexed journals, but more than half (53.7%) of articles were published in one of three osteopathy-focused readership journals. Randomized control trials (n = 145; 37.3%) and case reports (n = 142; 36.5%) were the most common research designs. A total of 187 (48.1%) studies examined the effects of osteopathic interventions using a combination of techniques that belonged to two or all of the classic fields of osteopathic interventions (musculoskeletal, cranial, and visceral). Conclusion The number of osteopathy empirical studies increased significantly from 1980 to 2014. The productivity appears to be very much in sync with practice development and innovations; however, the articles were mainly published in osteopathic journals targeting a limited, disciplinary-focused readership.

scholarly journals Three Dimensional Approaches to Personality Disorders: a Review on Personality Functioning, Personality Structure, and Personality Organization

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Hörz-Sagstetter ◽  
Ludwig Ohse ◽  
Leonie Kampe
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Personality Pathology ◽  
Personality Structure ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Personality Organization ◽  
Personality Functioning ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Categorical Classification

Abstract Purpose of Review The concept of personality functioning (Alternative DSM-5 Model of Personality Disorders) has led to increased interest in dimensional personality disorder diagnosis. While differing markedly from the current categorical classification, it is closely related to the psychodynamic concepts of personality structure and personality organization. In this review, the three dimensional approaches, their underlying models, and common instruments are introduced, and empirical studies on similarities and differences between the concepts and the categorical classification are summarized. Additionally, a case example illustrates the clinical application. Recent Findings Numerous studies demonstrate the broad empirical basis, validated assessment instruments and clinical usefulness of the dimensional concepts. Their advantages compared to the categorical approach, but also the respective differences, have been demonstrated empirically, in line with clinical observations. Summary Evidence supports the three dimensional concepts, which share conceptual overlap, but also entail unique aspects of personality pathology, respectively.

scholarly journals First-Generation College Students and Family Support: A Critical Review of Empirical Research Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 294
Author(s):  
Samantha LeBouef ◽  
Jodi Dworkin
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
First Generation College Students ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
First Generation College ◽  
Research Narrative

The majority of empirical literature on first generation college students (FGCSs) in the U.S. asserts that because their parents did not attend college, FGCSs are lacking important resources to be successful in college. However, this results in a deficit-based approach to the study of FGCSs that tends to highlight the differences between first-generation and continuing-education students. However, FGCSs possess a wealth of resources from parents and families that make them successful, and that are often ignored in research. Asset-based approaches to the study of FGCSs are becoming more frequent in the form of books, book chapters, and white papers; however, published empirical research has yet to adopt this approach. As a result, a deeper understanding of FGCSs’ experiences is essential to advancing diversity and equity in higher education. To begin to address this gap, a systematic literature review of empirical studies following the PRISMA framework was conducted on first generation college students and family support; the literature was critically reviewed and future directions for the field were identified. Applying a critical, cultural, and familial lens to the study of first-generation college students will contribute to reframing the research narrative towards an asset-based narrative.

scholarly journals A developmentally descriptive method for quantifying shape in gastropod shells

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (163) ◽  
pp. 20190721
Author(s):  
J. Larsson ◽  
A. M. Westram ◽  
S. Bengmark ◽  
T. Lundh ◽  
R. K. Butlin
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Shell Shape ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Littorina Saxatilis ◽  
Shape Variation ◽  
Gastropod Shell ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Descriptive Method

The growth of snail shells can be described by simple mathematical rules. Variation in a few parameters can explain much of the diversity of shell shapes seen in nature. However, empirical studies of gastropod shell shape variation typically use geometric morphometric approaches, which do not capture this growth pattern. We have developed a way to infer a set of developmentally descriptive shape parameters based on three-dimensional logarithmic helicospiral growth and using landmarks from two-dimensional shell images as input. We demonstrate the utility of this approach, and compare it to the geometric morphometric approach, using a large set of Littorina saxatilis shells in which locally adapted populations differ in shape. Our method can be modified easily to make it applicable to a wide range of shell forms, which would allow for investigations of the similarities and differences between and within many different species of gastropods.

Establishment and Application of Human Interactive Three-Dimensional Spine Software

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 132-136
Author(s):  
Heng Sheng Shu ◽  
Xun Lin Li ◽  
Yao Deng ◽  
Tong Jun Qv ◽  
Yun Sheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Interactive Software ◽  
Static State ◽  
Java Language ◽  
Dynamic Display ◽  
Multimedia Education ◽  
Animation Software ◽  
Basic Medical

It is widely acknowledged that image thinking is significant in medical education. The colorful pictures and animations need to be presented for the users (observers) to make the content easier to be understood. By the appropriate matching of pictures and text, readers are able to associate the text with the image on the screen to reach better understanding. In this case, 3d and dynamic images will take the place of the plane and static ones. The study software applied the image processing software and animation software, such as Photoshop, Flash software. 3d max software is used for processing and preparation the simulation stereo skeleton. the Java language of Cult 3D models help give the characteristics of model rotating and zooming in and out; Using multimedia interactive software, Neobook, makes sure interactive amity of interface and establishes a good interactive operating environment between the users and 3d models. For the basic medical education which has higher visual thinking demand, multimedia education has already be widespreaded and used. This software has interactive function and three-dimensional content, 3d instead of static, dynamic replace static state. It is not only keeping the traditional advantage (such as the logical arrangement of content, strictly text description, etc.), but also providing the learning reference material to the users which has intuitive visual experience, independently and freely self-selection, flexible processing. It is beneficial to understand and learn related contents. This study software shows rich and colorful pictures, 3d dynamic display contents, animation process of image to the users, so as to increase understanding and grasping the contents on human spine. It has multiple functions such as help studying and teaching.

The Big-Fish-Little-Pond Effect

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Trautwein ◽  
Oliver Lüdtke
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Educational Outcomes ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Achievement Level ◽  
Educational Implications ◽  
Reference Group Effects ◽  
Group Effects

Summary: Reference group effects on self-concept have been examined in a multitude of empirical studies in various educational settings. Effects of this kind have been most rigorously demonstrated by Herbert W. Marsh, who introduced the term big-fish-little-pond effect (BFLPE) to describe the finding that students' self-concept is negatively affected by the achievement level of other students in the same class or school. The phenomenon of the BFLPE is supported by a large body of empirical research. In this contribution, we first discuss mechanisms underlying the BFLPE. Second, we address reference group effects on educational outcomes other than self-concept. Finally, we briefly discuss educational implications of the BFLPE.

Usability and Affordances for Teaching and Learning in Second Life

2012 ◽  
pp. 1307-1322
Author(s):  
Trevor Barker
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Environments ◽  
Small Groups ◽  
Second Life ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Task Completion ◽  
Science Students ◽  
The University ◽  
3D Virtual Environments

This chapter presents a summary of research undertaken at the University of Hertfordshire into the usability and affordances of three-dimensional (3D) virtual environments (VE) used in teaching and learning. Our earlier experimental work identified important variables related to individual differences and how these affected task completion, learning, and attitude to the environment. More recently the results of these laboratory-based empirical studies have been applied to teaching and learning in the Second Life virtual world. The results of two studies are presented with undergraduate Computer Science students. In the first study the affordances of the Second Life environment for project group working and teaching was evaluated. In the second study small groups of learners developed real world games and modified these for play in Second Life. Based on experiences from these studies, a set of recommendations related to the use of 3D virtual environments in teaching and learning is presented.

Empirical Research on Populations of Adaptive Individuals

2020 ◽  
pp. 141-153
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Organization Change ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Design Studies ◽  
Entire Process ◽  
Levels Of Organization ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Multiple Levels

This chapter studies how modeling supports empirical research. The benefit of integrating modeling and empirical research has long been recognized: theorists and modelers pose hypotheses that empirical researchers then design studies to test, and empirical research informs the development of new hypotheses. Such integration may be particularly valuable in frameworks that include multiple levels of organization, from individuals to populations to communities. But does working across levels of organization change the relationships of theory, modeling, and empirical research? What kinds of field and laboratory studies do we need, and at what levels of organization, to support modeling? The chapter assesses these questions. Thinking about the relation between modeling and empirical research requires one to address the entire process of model-based research, which is usefully characterized as a modeling cycle. The chapter then explores how the kind of modeling and theory development presented in this book can contribute to empirical studies and research.

Das Handwerk – Zur definitorischen und statistischen Abgrenzung eines Querschnittsbereichs

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Haverkamp
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Market Entry ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Causal Effects ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Entry And Exit ◽  
Definition Of

Zusammenfassung In der empirischen Wirtschaftsforschung zeigt sich ein zunehmendes Interesse an der Untersuchung der Fragen der Gründungsdynamik und des Gründungserfolgs im Kontext der deutschen Handwerkswirtschaft. Eine besondere Herausforderung für diese Analysen besteht jedoch darin, dass eine statistische Abgrenzung des juristisch definierten Handwerkssektors in den vorliegenden Sekundärdatensätzen meist nur mit Einschränkungen möglich ist. Vor diesem Hintergrund analysiert dieser Beitrag Möglichkeiten und Grenzen einer statistischen Abgrenzung des Handwerks in Mikrodatensätzen und untersucht unterschiedliche, bislang verwendete Identifikationsverfahren im Hinblick auf die Repräsentativität der jeweils gewonnen Stichproben. Im Ergebnis zeigt der Beitrag die Stärken und Schwächen unterschiedlicher Identifikationsverfahren und formuliert Empfehlungen hinsichtlich ihrer Verwendung in der Entrepreneurship-Forschung. Abstract Recently, several empirical studies investigate the causal effects of regulation on market entry and exit using the example of the German crafts sector. However, since the definition of the sector is made on legal- and not statistical basis, the identification of crafts companies and employees in microdata records is an intricate process. This paper examines different identification strategies that have been used so far in empirical research and investigates whether the resulting samples are consistent with the overall population in question. The paper contributes to existing economic research by providing an understanding for the potential pitfalls when analyzing sub-groups in larger datasets and by formulating an explicit recommendation for the case of the research on regulation and entry in the German crafts sector.

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