Treatment of Rhinitis Medicamentosa

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 323-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mats Bende
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Treatment Period ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Exercise Test ◽  
Airway Resistance ◽  
Nasal Airway ◽  
Nasal Decongestants ◽  
Sustained Use ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Rhinitis Medicamentosa

Eleven patients with rhinitis medicamentosa were treated with twice the recommended dose of a topical nasal corticosteroid for 2 months. Nasal airway resistance (NAR) was measured at rest and after a physical exercise test, before and after the treatment period. NAR at rest was reduced after the treatment because of diminished blood volume in the nasal mucosa. Treatment with topical corticosteroids for short periods may help patients with rhinitis medicamentosa to refrain from using nasal decongestants. Topical nasal decongestants are not recommended for sustained use.

Performance and work of nasal breathing

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (41) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Anita Bergmane ◽  
Klaus Vogt ◽  
Biruta Sloka
Keyword(s):  
Airway Resistance ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Nasal Airway ◽  
Nasal Resistance ◽  
Nasal Breathing ◽  
First Line ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Potential Parameters ◽  
Inspiratory Work

Abstract OBJECTIVE. To evaluate performance (Q) and work (W) of nasal breathing as potential parameters in functional diagnostic of nasal obstruction. MATERIAL AND METHODS. We included in our study 250 patients and we measured by 4-phase-rhinomanometry with decongestion test. We calculated performance Q of the “representative breath” in inspiration and expiration and in total breath, maximal performance Q (Qmax), Work W of nasal breathing in mJ and in mJ/litre and Q in J/min. RESULTS. The interquartile range of Win for representative breath before decongestion is 356 mJ/l, Wex 308 mJ/l, while after decongestion Win is 264 mJ/l and Wex 220 mJ/l. There is no significant difference between work before and after decongestion (p<0.001). Interquartile range for nasal breathing Q before decongestion is 19.2 J/min and after – 14.3 J/min. A significant correlation exists between logarithmic vertex resistance for inspiration and expiration and Qmax for inspiration and expiration (p<0.001). That means that the performance required by breathing depends in the first line on nasal resistance. CONCLUSION. Inspiratory work is 1.2 times higher than expiration work. Increase in nasal airway resistance is followed by increase in maximal nasal performance.

Component Approach for Partitioning Nasal Airway Resistance: Pharyngeal Flap Case Studies

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonnie E. Smith ◽  
Thomas W. Guyette
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Airway Resistance ◽  
Clinical Report ◽  
Nasal Airway ◽  
Airway Patency ◽  
Nasal Airway Resistance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Component Approach ◽  
Pharyngeal Flap

Individuals with craniofacial anomalies often have nasal cavity and/or velopharyngeal constriction. The purpose of this clinical report was to illustrate a technique for partitioning nasal airway resistance into its nasal cavity and velo pharyngeal components. This information would be helpful in determining intervention to reduce high nasal airway resistance as well as in providing information about the outcome of corrective procedures to establish velopharyngeal competence for speech. Data from two pharyngeal flap patients seen before and after surgery were utilized in this illustration. These case studies illustrate the usefulness of component resistance measures in quantifying nasal airway patency before and after corrective surgery for velopharyngeal function.

Total nasal airway resistance while sitting predicts airway collapse when lying down

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (10) ◽  
pp. 917-924
Author(s):  
A Karlsson ◽  
M Persson ◽  
A-C Mjörnheim ◽  
G Gudnadottir ◽  
J Hellgren
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Obstruction ◽  
Supine Position ◽  
Airway Resistance ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Nasal Airway ◽  
Nasal Breathing ◽  
Nasal Airway Resistance ◽  
Airway Collapse ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Lying Down

AbstractBackgroundNasal obstruction when lying down is a common complaint in patients with chronic nasal obstruction, but rhinomanometry is typically performed in the sitting position. This study aimed to analyse whether adding rhinomanometry in a supine position is a useful examination.MethodA total of 41 patients with chronic nasal obstruction underwent rhinomanometry and acoustic rhinometry, sitting and supine, before and after decongestion, as well as an over-night polygraphy.ResultsTotal airway resistance was measurable in a supine position in 48 per cent (14 of 29) of the patients with total airway resistance of equal to or less than 0.3 Pa/cm3/second when sitting and in none (0 of 12) of the patients with total nasal airway resistance of more than 0.3 Pa/cm3/second when sitting. After decongestion, this increased to 83 per cent and 58 per cent, respectively.ConclusionIncreased nasal resistance when sitting predicts nasal breathing problems when supine. Rhinomanometry in a supine position should be performed to diagnose upper airway collapse when supine.

The Effect of Rapid Maxillary Expansion on Nasal Airway Resistance

1986 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald J. Timms
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Difference ◽  
Airway Resistance ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Nasal Airway ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Nasal Airway Resistance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Probable Significance ◽  
Airway Physiology ◽  
Age Range

There has been a long-standing controversy over the efficacy of rapid maxillary expansion to relieve nasal obstruction and improve respiration. Recently rhinomanometry has provided a discipline for the investigation into nasal airway physiology with quantifiable parameters for evaluation and comparable studies. In this trial, a sample of 26 patients (13 male and 13 female, age range 10·10 to 19·6 years), receiving rapid maxillary expansion as part of their orthodontic mechano-therapy, were appraised for nasal airway resistance before and after expansion. The posterior rhinomanometric technique was used, measuring the respiratory flow between pharynx and the nostrils at a preset pressure difference between these two points. The formula for calculating the resistance is derived from the electrical Ohm's Law and requires that the pressure difference be divided by the flow. Reductions were recorded in all cases with an average of 36·2 per cent (range 11·6–58·6). The correlation between the resistance reductions and the delivered expansions (increases in trans-palatal widths) was weak (r = 0·32). In view of the probable significance of the liminal valve in nasal resistance, expansions in this area were assessed by changes in the transalar widths. The correlation between transalar increases and the trans-palatal expansions was weak (r = 0·115), as it was between the transalar increases and the reductions in nasal airway resistance (r = 0·30).

scholarly journals Impact of nasofrontal angle size on changes in nasal airway resistance before and after rhinoseptoplasty

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
Vladimir Kljajic ◽  
Ljiljana Erdevicki ◽  
Ljiljana Vlaski ◽  
Slobodan Savovic ◽  
Maja Buljcik-Cupic
Keyword(s):  
Airway Resistance ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Postoperative Outcome ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Nasal Airway ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nasal Airway Resistance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Nasal Pyramid ◽  
The Impact

The nose is the most prominent feature of the human face and in terms of esthetics, it has a significant impact on the overall facial appearance, its expression and beauty. In addition, it has other functions, which are much more important, above all breathing, protection, the sense of smell and the sound of the voice. The nasofrontal angle is the angle between the forehead and the dorsum of the nose. It determines the prominence of the nasal pyramid. A more acute nasofrontal angle is associated with a more prominent nasal pyramid. The nasofrontal angle in the Greek nose is 180?. Although authors have different opinions, the nasofrontal angle in Caucasian population should be between 127? and 150?. This prospective, cross-sectional study included 80 patients of both sexes who had undergone rhinoseptoplasty at the Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases of the Clinical Center of Vojvodina. Of 80 patients, 22 were males. As for their age, 61% of patients were between 18 and 25 years old. Analysis of the nasofrontal angle before and after surgery, with a correlation coefficient of 0.4866, indicates that preoperative parameters of the nasofrontal angle have a moderate impact on the postoperative outcome. The impact analysis of the nasofrontal angle on the airway resistance in the preoperative and postoperative period showed distinct differences. Both functions can be best described by linear regression equations. The rhinoseptoplasty procedure reduces the nasofrontal angle to standard dimensions, consequently leading to reduction of the nasal airway resistance.

Weekly Exercise Consistently Reinstates Positive Mood

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Steinberg ◽  
Briony R. Nicholls ◽  
Elizabeth A. Sykes ◽  
N. LeBoutillier ◽  
Nerina Ramlakhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Exercise Class ◽  
Negative Feelings ◽  
Over Time

Mood improvement immediately after a single bout of exercise is well documented, but less is known about successive and longer term effects. In a “real-life” field investigation, four kinds of exercise class (Beginners, Advanced, Body Funk and Callanetics) met once a week for up to 7 weeks. Before and after each class the members assessed how they felt by completing a questionnaire listing equal numbers of “positive” and “negative” mood words. Subjects who had attended at least five times were included in the analysis, which led to groups consisting of 18, 20, 16, and 16 subjects, respectively. All four kinds of exercise significantly increased positive and decreased negative feelings, and this result was surprisingly consistent in successive weeks. However, exercise seemed to have a much greater effect on positive than on negative moods. The favorable moods induced by each class seemed to have worn off by the following week, to be reinstated by the class itself. In the Callanetics class, positive mood also improved significantly over time. The Callanetics class involved “slower,” more demanding exercises, not always done to music. The Callanetics and Advanced classes also showed significantly greater preexercise negative moods in the first three sessions. However, these differences disappeared following exercise. Possibly, these two groups had become more “tolerant” to the mood-enhancing effects of physical exercise; this may be in part have been due to “exercise addiction.”

scholarly journals Effect of Adherence to Physical Exercise on Cardiometabolic Profile in Postmenopausal Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 656
Author(s):  
Valentina Bucciarelli ◽  
Francesco Bianco ◽  
Francesco Mucedola ◽  
Andrea Di Blasio ◽  
Pascal Izzicupo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Diastolic Function ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Adherence Rate ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Estrogen Depletion ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cardiometabolic Profile

Background: Menopause is associated with negative cardiovascular adaptations related to estrogen depletion, which could be counteracted by physical exercise (PhE). However, the impact of total adherence-rate (TA) to PhE and sedentary time (SedT) on cardiometabolic profile in this population has not been elucidated. Methods: For 13-weeks, 43 women (57.1 ± 4.7 years) participated in a 4-days-a-week moderate-intensity walking training. They underwent laboratory, anthropometric and echocardiographic assessment, before and after training (T0–T1). Spontaneous physical activity (PhA) was assessed with a portable multisensory device. The sample was divided according to TA to PhE program: <70% (n = 17) and ≥70% (n = 26). Results: TA ≥ 70% group experienced a significant T1 improvement of relative wall thickness (RWT), diastolic function, VO2max, cortisol, cortisol/dehydroandrostenedione-sulphate ratio and serum glucose. After adjusting for SedT and 10-min bouts of spontaneous moderate-to-vigorous PhA, TA ≥ 70% showed the most significant absolute change of RWT and diastolic function, body mass index, weight and cortisol. TA ≥ 70% was major predictor of RWT and cortisol improvement. Conclusions: In a group of untrained, postmenopausal women, a high TA to a 13-weeks aerobic PhE program confers a better improvement in cardiometabolic profile, regardless of SedT and PhA levels.

Objective assessment of nasal resistance among electronic cigarette users

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
S W Lim ◽  
AB Zulkiflee
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Airway Resistance ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nasal Airway ◽  
Nasal Resistance ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Nasal Airway Resistance

Abstract Background Electronic cigarettes have been a popular alternative to tobacco smoking. The effect of tobacco smoking on nasal airway resistance has been investigated before; however, the effect of the aerosol generated by electronic cigarettes is still unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the short-term effects of e-cigarettes on nasal airway resistance. Methods Sixty-one participants were recruited into a vapers group and a control group. The vapers group was instructed to smoke for 5 minutes, and their nasal resistance was measured pre-procedure and at 1 and 5 minutes post-procedure. The results were compared between both groups. Results Repeated measures analysis of variance demonstrated that vaping has no statistically significant effect on total nasal airway resistance. Conclusion Although the differences between both groups were not statistically significant overall, the vapers group showed a reduction in nasal airway resistance in the short term.

Evaluation of Nasal Passage Patency after Antigen and Histamine Challenge in Guinea Pigs by Acoustic Rhinometry

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Setsuo Nakamoto ◽  
Yasuo Sakakura ◽  
Ole F. Pedersen ◽  
Kotaro Ukai
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Airway Resistance ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Nasal Passage ◽  
Nasal Airway ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Nasal Airway Resistance

We investigated the effects of antigen and histamine on the nasal passage patency in guinea pigs with or without nasal allergy. The change of nasal patency was measured by acoustic rhinometry and nasal airway resistance. Acoustic reflections have been used in adult humans to determine nasal cavity dimensions in terms of cross-sectional areas as a function of the distance from the nostril. In order to measure nasal cavity dimensions in guinea pigs, we modified equipment for use in humans by decreasing sound tube dimensions, increasing sampling frequency, and applying a special nosepiece. The percent change of volume, minimum cross-sectional area, and nasal airway resistance showed the largest changes at 10 minutes after antigen challenge in sensitized guinea pigs. There was a significant correlation between the individual percent change of nasal airway resistance and volume or minimum cross-sectional area. Histamine, 102 to 105 μg/mL, caused a dose-dependent reduction in percent change of volume in the challenged side of nonsensitized guinea pigs, but not in the opposite side. These results indicate that the noninvasive acoustic reflections technique is useful in small experimental animals, especially to assess the effect of nasal cavity dimensions after the challenge of antigen or nonspecific stimuli.

The Effect of Passive Smoking on Mucociliary Clearance and Inferior Concha Reactivity

2020 ◽  
pp. 194589242096761
Author(s):  
Osman Kılıç ◽  
Aslı Şahin Yılmaz ◽  
Çağatay Oysu
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Passive Smoking ◽  
Mucociliary Clearance ◽  
Inferior Turbinate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nasal Decongestants ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mucosal Response ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Control

Introduction The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of cigarette smoke on turbinate reactivity and mucociliary clearance (MCC) in passive smokers. Methods 60 adult patients (30 passive smokers and 30 healthy subjects as the control group) were recruited for this study. Following a questionnaire on passive smoke exposure, MCC measurement using the saccharin test was carried out to all participants. The baseline and after decongestant acoustic rhinometry values (MCA1, MCA2, VOL1, VOL2) were measured and the percentage changes between the two test values (ie; response to nasal decongestants = concha reactivity) were recorded. Results All 60 patients, including 37 women (61.7%) and 23 men (38.3%) were between 18–57 years of age . MCC’s average measurements were 11.13 minutes in the passive smokers group, 7.87 minutes in the control group, which was statistically significantly different (p < 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between the passive smokers and control group for acoustic rhinometric measurement of the ratio of MCA2 and VOL2 values before and after decongestant application (p < 0.05). Discussion Passive smoking can damage the nasal mucosa at least as active smoking. The number of studies on this subject is limited. There are no studies in the literature showing the effect of cigarette smoke on the inferior turbinate mucosal response. In our study, the inferior turbinate decongestant capacity was found to be significantly decreased in the passive smokers compared to the control group. Conclusion As a result of cigarette exposure, the erectile function of the lower turbines may be impaired. The task of the ENT physicians is to warn the passive smokers in this regard.

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