scholarly journals Maternal dietary allergen restriction while breast-feeding: Pediatric resident knowledge and practices

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel V. DiGiacomo ◽  
Linda Herbert ◽  
Marni Jacobs ◽  
Ashley Ramos ◽  
Karen A. Robbins
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Infant Food ◽  
Allergy Prevention ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Educational Module ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Pediatric Residents ◽  
Education Gap

Background: An adequate understanding of the relationship between breast-feeding practices and infant food allergy isessential for clinicians. Although there is evidence of an education gap in general breast-feeding concepts, little is known about the pediatric trainee knowledge and practice with regard to breast-feeding, maternal diet, and potential allergy outcomes.Objective: To assess pediatric residents’ knowledge, describe practices, and evaluate a module designed to provide evidence-based education about breast-feeding, food allergy, and food avoidance to inform future resources on the topic of breastfeeding and allergic outcomes.Methods: Pediatric residents completed a survey to assess the knowledge and comfort with regard to maternal dietaryrestriction, breast-feeding, and infant food allergy. Residents then viewed an online educational module about evidence-basedbreast-feeding and infant food allergy guidelines, and, after 1 month, completed the online questionnaire again.Results: Among respondents (N = 68), only 8% and 5%, felt knowledgeable and comfortable with current maternal diet during breast-feeding and infant food allergy recommendations, respectively. Eighty-seven percent had not received formaltraining on the topic, and a large percentage relied on mentor teaching (49%) or anecdotal evidence (19%) as opposed to available guidelines (32%) for guidance. Most respondents (61–93%) correctly answered questions with regard to guidelines onprimary and secondary food allergy prevention in relation to maternal diet. The upper-level residents answered more questionscorrectly about allergic proctocolitis compared with the interns (p < 0.05); no differences were noted for other topics. The majority (63%) did not believe that a mother’s nutritional status could be adversely affected by dietary allergen restriction. A review of the pre- and posttest scores showed the educational module had little impact on knowledge.Conclusion: Pediatric residents reported low comfort and perceived that they had little knowledge about maternal diet andinfant food allergy, yet their actual performance suggested the opposite. Those who completed the educational module did notdemonstrate knowledge improvement, which highlighted the need for the development of robust educational resources.

scholarly journals Formula and breast feeding in infant food allergy: A population-based study

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice J Goldsmith ◽  
Jennifer J Koplin ◽  
Adrian J Lowe ◽  
Mimi LK Tang ◽  
Melanie C Matheson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Infant Food ◽  
Population Based Study

scholarly journals Addressing Common Misconceptions in Food Allergy: A Review

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 497
Author(s):  
Aikaterini Anagnostou
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Oral Immunotherapy ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Allergy Prevention ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Skin Prick Tests ◽  
Food Specific Ige ◽  
Common Misconceptions

Background: Food allergies are common, affecting 1 in 13 school children in the United States and their prevalence is increasing. Many misconceptions exist with regards to food allergy prevention, diagnosis and management. Objective: The main objective of this review is to address misconceptions with regards to food allergies and discuss the optimal, evidence-based approach for patients who carry this diagnosis. Observations: Common misconceptions in terms of food allergy prevention include beliefs that breastfeeding and delayed introduction of allergenic foods prevent the development of food allergies. In terms of diagnosis, statements such as ‘larger skin prick tests or/and higher levels of food-specific IgE can predict the severity of food-induced allergic reactions’, or ‘Tryptase is always elevated in food-induced anaphylaxis’ are inaccurate. Additionally, egg allergy is not a contraindication for receiving the influenza vaccine, food-allergy related fatalities are rare and peanut oral immunotherapy, despite reported benefits, is not a cure for food allergies. Finally, not all infants with eczema will develop food allergies and epinephrine auto-injectors may unfortunately be both unavailable and underused in food-triggered anaphylaxis. Conclusions and relevance: Healthcare professionals must be familiar with recent evidence in the food allergy field and avoid common misunderstandings that may negatively affect prevention, diagnosis and management of this chronic disease.

scholarly journals Importance-Performance Analysis of Health Perception among Korean Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1280
Author(s):  
Seung-Man Lee ◽  
Wi-Young So ◽  
Hyun-Su Youn
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Health Perception ◽  
Good Work ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Korean Adolescents ◽  
Control Dimension ◽  
And Performance

This study assessed the health perceptions of 333 Korean adolescents during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic via an online questionnaire administered in October 2020, which queried the perceived importance and actual performance of health behaviors. The health perception scales used in the survey consists of the six dimensions of mental health, disease, physical activity, sleep, diet, and sanitary health. The data were primarily analyzed using paired sample t-test for analysis of difference and importance-performance analysis (IPA). The IPA results were presented in four quadrants—“keep up the good work,” “concentrate here,” “low priority,” and “possible overkill.” The results indicated that first, there was a positive relationship between the importance and performance of all the subdimensions of health perception. Second, sanitary healthcare was rated as being of the greatest importance and was performed most, while physical activity management was rated least important and performed least. Third, statistically significant differences were found between importance and performance for all items of mental health, disease, physical activity, sleep, and diet dimensions, and some differences were found for items assessing the hygiene control dimension. Fourth, in the two-dimensional IPA model, “sanitary health” and “disease” are in Quadrant I (keep up the good work); “mental health,” in Quadrant II (concentrate here); and “physical activity,” “sleep,” and “diet,” in Quadrant III (low priority). No components of healthcare were in Quadrant IV (possible overkill). Based on these results, we emphasize the importance of adolescent health education and discuss solutions to enhance the performance of healthcare activities.

scholarly journals Early Solid Food Introduction: Role in Food Allergy Prevention and Implications for Breastfeeding

2017 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elissa M. Abrams ◽  
Matthew Greenhawt ◽  
David M. Fleischer ◽  
Edmond S. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Solid Food ◽  
Allergy Prevention ◽  
Solid Food Introduction

scholarly journals The Role of Hydrolyzed Formula in Allergy Prevention

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (Suppl. 2) ◽  
pp. 38-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Cabana
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Food Allergy ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Allergic Disease ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Atopic Disease ◽  
Allergy Prevention ◽  
Preventive Effect ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hydrolyzed Formula

Asthma, eczema, food allergy, and allergic rhinitis are some of the most common pediatric, chronic conditions in the world. Breastfeeding is the optimal way to feed all infants. For those infants who are exposed to infant formula, some studies suggest that certain partially hydrolyzed or extensively hydrolyzed formulas may decrease the risk of allergic disease compared to nonhydrolyzed formulas for children with a family history of atopic disease. Overall, there is some evidence to suggest that partially hydrolyzed whey formulas and extensively hydrolyzed casein formulas may decrease the risk of developing eczema for infants at high risk of allergic disease. The evidence for a preventive effect of hydrolyzed formulas on allergic rhinitis, food allergy, and asthma is inconsistent and insufficient. Finally, the qualitative changes to the peptides by the method of hydrolysis, not just the degree of protein hydrolysis, may have a large influence on the preventive effect of a particular infant formula for the potential risk of allergic disease. As a result, it may be difficult to generalize findings from clinical studies using a specific infant formula to other infant formulas from different manufacturers using different methods of hydrolysis. Further clinical studies are needed to help clinicians identify which infants may benefit from early intervention, as well as which specific hydrolyzed formulas are best suited to decrease the risk of future allergic disease.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Saudi Parents Towards Their Children's Oral Health: An Online Questionnaire Survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malaz Mohamed Elrafie Mustafa ◽  
Ebtehaj Saleh Albeshri ◽  
Mashael Khaled Althobati
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Children’S Oral Health

Children's oral health is of paramount importance as it governs the oral health status of the upcoming generation. Their oral hygiene is a vital part of general childcare. This under-appraised issue is often neglected by young parents, which can result in poor children's oral health. Aim: To assess standard knowledge, attitude and behavior of Saudi parents pertaining to the oral health of their young children. Materials and Methods: a prospective cross-sectional online survey was conducted in Saudi Arabia in 2017. The questionnaire included a total of 16 questions which were divided into two parts; the first part asked about parents' general information such as the name, age, gender, educational level, occupation and total family income. The second part included questions related to knowledge, attitude and practices toward children on selected oral health issues. Results: 1038 Saudi parents responded to the online questionnaire (70% Females and 30% male). Majority Saudi parents recognized many preventive dental aspects like importance of early acquisition of tooth brushing, avoidance of caries-related diet and nocturnal on demand breast feeding. Seventy three percent were convinced that it is better to take their children to a specialized pediatric dentist rather than a general dental practitioner. However, it was revealed that there was limited knowledge and awareness of Saudi parents about the significance of the routine dental checkups, ideal timing of first dental visit and importance of topical fluoride. Hypothetical myths and social beliefs associated with dental treatment like endodontic treatment were common; creating barriers to early preventive and curative dental care of young Saudi children. Conclusion: Parents were found to have inadequate knowledge in regard to oral health of their young children. The present research points to a need for enhanced dental education of parents, particularly in planning for their children's first visit and effect of prolonged on-demand at night breast feeding on development of early childhood caries. Community based oral health programs are required in order to raise parents' awareness regarding their children's oral health.

scholarly journals Improved prospects for food allergy prevention

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohan Ameratunga
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Allergy Prevention ◽  
Window Of Opportunity ◽  
Early Introduction ◽  
The World ◽  
Food Challenges ◽  
High Risk Children

ABSTRACT Three recent publications from Professor Gideon Lack have fundamentally changed our understanding of how to prevent food allergy. His team has shown that early introduction of allergenic foods may prevent food allergy in most but not all high-risk children. Various allergy and paediatric societies around the world are changing their recommendations based on these three studies. It appears there is a window of opportunity to safely introduce allergenic foods to high-risk children. This has resource implications, as some of these children will need testing and food challenges.

scholarly journals Maternal Intake of Cow’s Milk during Lactation Is Associated with Lower Prevalence of Food Allergy in Offspring

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3680
Author(s):  
Mia Stråvik ◽  
Malin Barman ◽  
Bill Hesselmar ◽  
Anna Sandin ◽  
Agnes E. Wold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Lower Prevalence ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation

Maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation may affect the propensity of the child to develop an allergy. The aim was to assess and compare the dietary intake of pregnant and lactating women, validate it with biomarkers, and to relate these data to physician-diagnosed allergy in the offspring at 12 months of age. Maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation was assessed by repeated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires in a prospective Swedish birth cohort (n = 508). Fatty acid proportions were measured in maternal breast milk and erythrocytes. Allergy was diagnosed at 12 months of age by a pediatrician specialized in allergy. An increased maternal intake of cow’s milk during lactation, confirmed with biomarkers (fatty acids C15:0 and C17:0) in the maternal blood and breast milk, was associated with a lower prevalence of physician-diagnosed food allergy by 12 months of age. Intake of fruit and berries during lactation was associated with a higher prevalence of atopic eczema at 12 months of age. Our results suggest that maternal diet modulates the infant’s immune system, thereby influencing subsequent allergy development.

Infant Food Allergy

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 49S-55S ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice M. Joneja
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Infant Food
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