scholarly journals Maternal Intake of Cow’s Milk during Lactation Is Associated with Lower Prevalence of Food Allergy in Offspring

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3680
Author(s):  
Mia Stråvik ◽  
Malin Barman ◽  
Bill Hesselmar ◽  
Anna Sandin ◽  
Agnes E. Wold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Lower Prevalence ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation

Maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation may affect the propensity of the child to develop an allergy. The aim was to assess and compare the dietary intake of pregnant and lactating women, validate it with biomarkers, and to relate these data to physician-diagnosed allergy in the offspring at 12 months of age. Maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation was assessed by repeated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires in a prospective Swedish birth cohort (n = 508). Fatty acid proportions were measured in maternal breast milk and erythrocytes. Allergy was diagnosed at 12 months of age by a pediatrician specialized in allergy. An increased maternal intake of cow’s milk during lactation, confirmed with biomarkers (fatty acids C15:0 and C17:0) in the maternal blood and breast milk, was associated with a lower prevalence of physician-diagnosed food allergy by 12 months of age. Intake of fruit and berries during lactation was associated with a higher prevalence of atopic eczema at 12 months of age. Our results suggest that maternal diet modulates the infant’s immune system, thereby influencing subsequent allergy development.

scholarly journals Maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation and cow’s milk allergy in offspring

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 554-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Tuokkola ◽  
P Luukkainen ◽  
H Tapanainen ◽  
M Kaila ◽  
O Vaarala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Cow’S Milk Allergy ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Milk Allergy ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Cow's Milk Allergy ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation

New opportunities for the allergy prevention in brest fed and formula fed infants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
О.А. Боковская ◽  
Е.А. Турганова
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Critical Time ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Allergy Prevention ◽  
Immune Development ◽  
Cow's Milk

В течение последних лет частота встречаемости пищевой аллергии у детей постоянно увеличивается. Одной из наиболее частых причин пищевой аллергии у детей грудного возраста является аллергия на коровье молоко. Распространенность пищевой аллергии коррелирует с растущим объемом исследований и публикаций, изучающих связь факторов окружающей среды с формированием оральной толерантности в раннем возрасте. Управление этим процессом происходит в критический период развития, который получил название «окно возможностей», и ключевая роль принадлежит микробиоте и ее метаболитам. В течение этого периода влияние окружающей среды может иметь долгосрочное воздействие на состав микробиоты, иммунную регуляцию и восприимчивость к болезням. События во время этого критического окна влияют на долгосрочное здоровье человека. Ранняя колонизация сообществом микробов в рамках определенного критического временного окна имеет решающее значение для правильного развития иммунной системы. Грудное молоко остается золотым стандартом вскармливания, но роль его в профилактике пищевой аллергии на сегодняшний день не доказана. Более детальное изучение иммунологических факторов грудного молока и механизмов диалога между микробиотой и иммунной системой, в частности, действия определенных компонентов (пробиотики, пребиотики и метаболиты), помогает разработке новых стратегий профилактики иммуноопосредованных заболеваний, в т. ч. пищевой аллергии. Пребиотики, пробиотики и метаболиты представляют на сегодняшний день огромный интерес для управления аллергией через ускорение формирования иммунологической толерантности не только для первичной, но и для вторичной профилактики при лечении аллергии к белкам коровьего молока. In recent years, the incidence of food allergies in children has been steadily increasing. One of the most common causes of food allergy in infants is cow's milk allergy. The prevalence of food allergy correlates with a growing body of research and publications investigating the relationship of environmental factors and immune development inthe newborn. The «window of opportunity» is critical period of early immune development, and the key role belongs to the microbiota and its metabolites. During this period, environmental influences can have long-term effects on microbiota composition, immune regulation, and susceptibility to disease. Events during this critical window affect long-term human health. Early colonization by the microbial community within a certain critical time window is critical for the proper development of the immune system. Breast milk remains the gold standard for feeding, but its role in preventing food allergies has yet to be proven. A more detailed study of the immunological factors of breast milk and the mechanisms of microbiome-immune crosstalk, in particular, the action of certain components (probiotics, prebiotics and metabolites), helps to develop new preventive strategies. Prebiotics, probiotics and metabolites are of great interest today for managing allergies by accelerating the formation of immunological tolerance not only for primary, but also for secondary prevention in the treatment of allergy to cow's milk proteins.

scholarly journals Cow’s milk exposure and atopic dermatitis after six months of age

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Surya Jayanti Kadek ◽  
Dewi Kumara Wati Ketut ◽  
Karyana Putu Gede
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Study Population

Background About 60% of individuals with atopic dermatitis (AD) develop their first manifestation during infancy. Cow’s milk (CM) exposure is considered to be a risk factor for AD.Objective To evaluate for an association between cow’s milk exposure and atopic dermatitis in infants > 6 months of age.  Methods This cross-sectional study consisted of subjects from a previous study and new subjects recruited in order to meet the minimum required number of subjects. Our study population comprised 120 infants, born between 1 February and 30 November, 2012 in Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar. Subjects were divided into CM and non-CM groups and analyzed for their risk of AD. Subjects were included to CM group if they were fed with cow’s milk/formula  and included to non-CM group if they were breastfeed exclusively in the first six months of life. Other possible risk factors were assessed by multivariate analysis. Results One hundred twenty subjects were enrolled and analyzed (59 in the CM and 61 in the non-CM groups). The prevalence of AD was 30%. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between CM exposure and AD, with odds ratio (OR) 2.37 (95%CI 1.036 to 5.420; P=0.04). In addition, maternal diet including eggs and/or cow’s milk during the breastfeeding period was significantly associated with AD in infants (OR 3.18; 95%CI 1.073 to 9.427; P=0.04).Conclusion Cow’s milk exposure is significantly associated with atopic dermatitis in infants  > six months of age. 

The Use of Whole Cow's Milk in Infancy

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 1105-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
American Academy ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Solid Foods ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Iron Deficient

The pediatrician is faced with a difficult challenge in providing recommendations for optimal nutrition in older infants. Because the milk (or formula) portion of the diet represents 35% to 100% of total daily calories and because WCM and breast milk or infant formula differ markedly in composition, the selection of a milk or formula has a great impact on nutrient intake. Infants fed WCM have low intakes of iron, linoleic acid, and vitamin E, and excessive intakes of sodium, potassium, and protein, illustrating the poor nutritional compatibility of solid foods and WCM. These nutrient intakes are not optimal and may result in altered nutritional status, with the most dramatic effect on iron status. Infants fed iron-fortified formula or breast milk for the first 12 months of life generally maintain normal iron status. No studies have concluded that the introduction of WCM into the diet at 6 months of age produces adequate iron status in later infancy; however, recent studies have demonstrated that iron status is significantly impaired when WCM is introduced into the diet of 6-month-old infants. Data from studies abroad of highly iron-deficient infant populations suggest that infants fed partially modified milk formulas with supplemental iron in a highly bioavailable form (ferrous sulfate) may maintain adequate iron status. However, these studies do not address the overall nutritional adequacy of the infant's diet. Such formulas have not been studied in the United States. Optimal nutrition of the infant involves selecting the appropriate milk source and eventually introducing infant solid foods. To achieve this goal, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that infants be fed breast milk for the first 6 to 12 months. The only acceptable alternative to breast milk is iron-fortified infant formula. Appropriate solid foods should be added between the ages of 4 and 6 months. Consumption of breast milk or iron-fortified formula, along with age-appropriate solid foods and juices, during the first 12 months of life allows for more balanced nutrition. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that whole cow's milk and low-iron formulas not be used during the first year of life.

Alteration of Allergen Fold of Bos d 5 into a Hypoallergenic Vaccine for Immunotherapy of Cow’s Milk Allergy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Yaqiong Cui ◽  
Yang Yu ◽  
Shuxiang Lin ◽  
Li Xu ◽  
Liuxu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Allergy ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cow’S Milk Allergy ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Milk Allergy ◽  
T Cell Epitopes ◽  
Dot Blot ◽  
Allergen Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Cow's Milk Allergy

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Cow’s milk allergy (CMA) is the most common IgE-mediated food allergy and Bos d 5 is the major allergen in cow’s milk proteins. More than 60% of the patients with CMA are sensitized to this protein. <b><i>Methods and Results:</i></b> A recombinant protein, encoded by a synthetic gene and consisting of reassembled Bos d 5 fragments, was expressed in <i>E. coli</i> strain BL21 (DE3) cells and purified to homogeneity. The B5M lacked relevant IgE-reactivity and allergenic activity compared with Bos d 5 in dot-blot and basophil activation assays. T-cell proliferation experiments demonstrated that B5M preserved the main T cell epitopes of Bos d 5. Immunization of rabbits with B5M induced protective IgG antibodies that blocked the binding of patients’ IgE antibodies to the wild-type allergen and inhibited the degranulation of basophils induced by Bos d 5. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Thus, we developed a new strategy, which was based on rational molecular reassembly for allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) of CMA and food allergy.

Gastroduodenal Motility in Neonates: Response to Human Milk Compared With Cow's Milk Formula

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 434-438
Author(s):  
T. Tomomasa ◽  
P. E. Hyman ◽  
K. Itoh ◽  
J. Y. Hsu ◽  
T. Koizumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
High Amplitude ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Wave Form ◽  
Fasting State ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Gastroduodenal Motility

It is known that breast milk empties more quickly from the stomach than does infant formula. We studied the difference in gastroduodenal motility between neonates fed with human milk and those fed with infant formula. Twenty-four five-to 36-day-old neonates were fed with mother's breast milk or with a cow's milk-based formula. Postprandlial gastroduodenal contractions were recorded manometrically for three hours. Repetitive, high-amplitude nonmigrating contractions were the dominant wave form during the postprandial period. The number of episodes, duration, amplitude, and frequency of nonmigrating contractions were not different following the different feedings. The migrating myoelectric complex, which signals a return to the interdigestive (fasting) state, appeared in 75% of breast milk-fed infants but only 17% of formula-fed infants (P &lt; .05) within the three-hour recording period. Because contractions were similar following the two meals, but a fasting state recurred more rapidly in breast-fed infants, we conclude that factors other than phasic, nonpropagated antroduodenal contractions were responsible for the differences in gastric emptying between breast milk and formula.

Human Breast Milk Contains Bovine lgG. Relationship to Infant Colic?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-444
Author(s):  
Patrick S. Clyne ◽  
Anthony Kulczycki
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Infant Colic ◽  
Β Lactoglobulin

Previous studies have suggested that an unidentified cow's milk protein, other than β-lactoglobulin and casein, might play a pathogenetic role in infant colic. Therefore, a radioimmunoassay was used to analyze human breast milk and infant formula samples for the presence of bovine IgG. Milk samples from 88 of the 97 mothers tested contained greater than 0.1 µg/mL of bovine IgG. In a study group of 59 mothers with infants in the colic-prone 2- to 17-week age group, the 29 mothers of colicky infants had higher levels of bovine IgG in their breast milk (median 0.42 µg/mL) than the 30 mothers of noncolicky infants (median 0.32 µg/mL) (P &lt; .02). The highest concentrations of bovine IgG observed in human milk were 8.5 and 8.2 µg/mL. Most cow's milk-based infant formulas contained 0.6 to 6.4 µg/mL of bovine IgG, a concentration comparable with levels found in many human milk samples. The results suggest that appreciable quantities of bovine IgG are commonly present in human milk, that significantly higher levels are present in milk from mothers of colicky infants, and that bovine IgG may possibly be involved in the pathogenesis of infant colic.

HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA IN BREAST-FED INFANTS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 995-1001
Author(s):  
Arthur J. Newman ◽  
Samuel Gross
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Extensive Investigation ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Breast Fed

The case records of 11 infants with prolonged hyperbilirubinemia have been presented. The elevation of indirect reacting bilirubin in these infants may be due to interference with the normal conjugating mechanism by a substance present in breast milk. Introduction of cow's milk formulas should be carried out as part of any extensive investigation of prolonged hyperbilirubinemia of the indirect type in otherwise well infants who have been wholly breast fed from birth.

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