scholarly journals Contemporary Migration Processes in Russia

Refuge ◽  
1994 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
I. Orlova ◽  
Y. Streltsova ◽  
E. Skvortsova
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Regional Migration ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Political Studies ◽  
Migration Flows ◽  
Refugee Issues ◽  
The Brain

This article, abridged from the Russian original, was published by the Institute of Socio-Political Studies of the Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, in 1993. Irena Orlova, Y. Streltsova and E. Skvortsova work in the Department of Sociology of Migration at the Institute. Dr. Orlova is the Head of the Department. The article was translated by A. Benifand and R. Kovaleva, York University, and edited by R. Brym, Professor of Sociology, University of Toronto. The article examines the contribution of migration to Russian population dynamics, inter-regional migration flows, the growth of regional and ethnic separatism, human rights problems associated with migration, refugee issues, and the "brain drain" from Russia. It is based on official demographic statistics and a wide range of sociological surveys. It focuses mainly on the period 1990-93 and contains a brief postscript bringing the analysis up to date.

Human Rights and the Brain Drain

1977 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.K. ONUOHA CHUKUNTA
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
The Brain

Immigration, Self-Determination, and the Brain Drain*

2021 ◽  
pp. 114-130
Author(s):  
Luara Ferracioli
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Prima Facie ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Skilled Migration ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
The Brain

This chapter argues that the immigration arrangements of liberal states in the area of skilled migration can sometimes contribute to the inability of citizens in poor countries to secure their human rights to health care and education. It argues that because liberal states have a duty not to contribute to harm abroad, they should not implement migration arrangements that lead to a situation whereby vulnerable populations are left without adequate access to important human rights. The upshot of the discussion is that liberal states do not only have a prima facie right to exclude but also a duty to exclude when the relevant conditions are met.

scholarly journals A Theory of Joint-Stock Citizenship and its Consequences on the Brain Drain, Sovereignty, and State Responsibility

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul Magni-Berton
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Law ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Global Justice ◽  
State Responsibility ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Psychological Concept ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Specific Country

Recent discussions about global justice have focused on arguments that favor the inclusion of political and social rights within the set of human rights. By doing so, these discussions raise the issue of the existence of specific rights enjoyed exclusively by citizens of a given community. This article deals with the problem of distinguishing between human and citizen rights. Specifically, it proposes a new concept of citizen rights that is based on what I call ‘the stockholder principle’: a principle of solidarity that holds within a specific country. This concept, the paper goes on to argue, is compatible with a broad idea of human rights defined by international law and enforced according to territorial authority. The stockholder principle is further compatible with the psychological concept of citizenship based on a specific collective identity and it leads to fair consequences at the domestic and global levels.

Towards an asean Model of ‘Responsibility-Sharing’ for Refugees and Asylum-Seekers

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-68
Author(s):  
Kate McMillan ◽  
Sriprapha Petcharamesree
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Andaman Sea ◽  
Refugee Protection ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sharing Responsibility ◽  
Human Rights Norms ◽  
Refugees And Asylum Seekers ◽  
Refugee Issues

Abstract The Andaman Sea crisis of 2015 focused global attention on asean’s response to mass refugee flows and generated calls for greater regional cooperation to protect the rights and safety of forced migrants. Such calls draw from the concept of ‘responsibility-sharing’; a concept that has long underpinned the international refugee regime. Scholars have responded to this challenge by identifying a range of ways in which asean countries might benefit from sharing responsibility for the refugees and asylum-seekers in their region. Based on interviews with 40 key asean-based actors working on migration and refugee issues across the governmental and non-governmental sectors, this article seeks to understand how the concept of responsibility-sharing for refugee protection is understood in four Southeast Asian countries: Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and Singapore. While it finds common agreement among the interviewees that the Andaman Sea crisis was a humanitarian disaster and that existing approaches to refugee issues in the region are ineffective, it also finds little to suggest that a regional approach to refugee issues is likely to develop in the short-to-medium term. On the other hand, interviewees identified a wide range of mechanisms through which bilateral, multilateral and global initiatives might assist the region to deal with refugee and asylum issues. Linking refugee issues with other issues that concern asean Member States and incremental progress towards embedding regional human rights norms via asean human rights institutions are identified as the most fruitful pathways towards regional cooperation to protect refugee rights and safety.

scholarly journals The Brain Drain And Human Rights

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aisyah Wardatul Jannah
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Source Country ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Development Problem ◽  
Strong Relation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

The terms of brain drain refers to the movement of the skilled people from  less developed country to the developed country caused by several factors such as politic unstability, poverty and development problem in the source country in order to seek out for the new opportunity and better quality of life in the receiving country. Since the movement of the brain have increased year by year, it is arises more development problem to the source country in lack of health care acces, poverty continuously and even died. The study resource of this essay conduct from the library, journal and internet resources, to examine the definition and describe the impact which caused by the brain drain. As the consequences, it is resulted that the brain drain has a negative impact to the resource country but in the other hand it has positive impact as well, further it is qualified that the brain drain have a strong relation with the human rights and have arises question does this brain drain can be blamed for the development problem in source country.

FORECASTING MIGRATION FLOWS USING PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
Yulia V. Paukova ◽  
◽  
Konstantin V. Popov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Predictive Analytics ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Migration Activity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Future Events ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Migration Flows ◽  
Develop State

The present article considers the need to predict migration flows using Predictive Analytics. The Russian Federation is a center of migration activity. The modern world is changing rapidly. An effective migration policy requires effective monitoring of migration flows, assessing the current situation in our and other countries and forecasting migration processes. There are information systems in Russia that contain a wide range of information about foreign citizens and stateless persons that provide the requested information about specific foreign citizens, including grouping it on various grounds. However, it is not possible to analyze and predict it automatically using thousands of parameters. Special attention in Russia is paid to digitalization. Using information technologies (artificial intelligence, machine learning and big data analysis) to forecast migration flows in conditions of variability of future events will allow to take into account a number of events and most accurately predict the quantitative and so-called "qualitative" structure of arrivals. The received information will help to develop state policy and to take appropriate measures in the field of migration regulation. The authors come to the conclusion that it is necessary to amend existing legal acts in order to implement information technologies of Predictive Analytics into the practice of migration authorities.

Proportionality Balancing and Constitutional Governance

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alec Stone Sweet ◽  
Jud Mathews
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Law And Politics ◽  
Constitutional State ◽  
International Court ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Constitutional Justice ◽  
Proportionality Test ◽  
Basic Features

This book focuses on the law and politics of rights protection in democracies, and in human rights regimes in Europe, the Americas, and Africa. After introducing the basic features of modern constitutions, with their emphasis on rights and judicial review, the authors present a theory of proportionality that explains why constitutional judges embraced it. Proportionality analysis is a highly intrusive mode of judicial supervision: it permits state officials to limit rights, but only when necessary to achieve a sufficiently important public interest. Since the 1950s, virtually every powerful domestic and international court has adopted proportionality as the central method for protecting rights. In doing so, judges positioned themselves to review all important legislative and administrative decisions, and to invalidate them as unconstitutional when they fail the proportionality test. The result has been a massive—and global—transformation of law and politics. The book explicates the concepts of “trusteeship,” the “system of constitutional justice,” the “effectiveness” of rights adjudication, and the “zone of proportionality.” A wide range of case studies analyze: how proportionality has spread, and variation in how it is deployed; the extent to which the U.S. Supreme Court has evolved and resisted similar doctrines; the role of proportionality in building ongoing “constitutional dialogues” with the other branches of government; and the importance of the principle to the courts of regional human rights regimes. While there is variance in the intensity of proportionality-based dialogues, such interactions are today at the heart of governance in the modern constitutional state and beyond.

Digital Authoritarianism and the Future of Human Rights

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Tiberiu Dragu ◽  
Yonatan Lupu
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Theoretic Model ◽  
Human Rights Abuses ◽  
Human Rights Regime ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Future ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Game Theoretic ◽  
Strategic Context

Abstract How will advances in digital technology affect the future of human rights and authoritarian rule? Media figures, public intellectuals, and scholars have debated this relationship for decades, with some arguing that new technologies facilitate mobilization against the state and others countering that the same technologies allow authoritarians to strengthen their grip on power. We address this issue by analyzing the first game-theoretic model that accounts for the dual effects of technology within the strategic context of preventive repression. Our game-theoretical analysis suggests that technological developments may not be detrimental to authoritarian control and may, in fact, strengthen authoritarian control by facilitating a wide range of human rights abuses. We show that technological innovation leads to greater levels of abuses to prevent opposition groups from mobilizing and increases the likelihood that authoritarians will succeed in preventing such mobilization. These results have broad implications for the human rights regime, democratization efforts, and the interpretation of recent declines in violent human rights abuses.

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