The Form of Dispute Settlement in The Border of Sea Region of Asean State Members and Its Implications to Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Delfiyanti Delfiyanti

The ASEAN Charter itself has been recently effective on 15th December 2008 after going through the ratification of the ASEAN state members that have ratified a charter that makes the regional bloc into an "legal" institution (Legal Personality) for the first time. As we know the relationship among ten ASEAN state members does not always work smoothly. Sometimes disputes arise also where the most frequently occurring case is concerned to the regional border or annexation of Malaysia-Singapore about the regional annexation of Batu Pateh, Thailand-Cambodia border as a seizure and the other border areas. Particularly in the sea region a dispute is often occurred among ASEAN state members since at some certain marine areas it is still not yet clear about the borders of its territory. This has resulted in overlapping claims among these countries. It influences the fishing areas where the fishing boats and fishermen would be considered illegal fishing when crossing the boundaries of sea claimed by a country. Though the sea areas are not yet clear about the ownership. Eventually it became a dispute among ASEAN state members. Hence, it takes ways of resolving disputes among ASEAN state members. In this case, the ASEAN Charter contains the methods for settling disputes among ASEAN state members. Indonesia itself is one of ASEAN state members which has sea border with some ASEAN state members which also have sea dispute. Therefore, Indonesia also participated and signed the agreement and will also be bound at later by the ways set out in the ASEAN Charter.

Author(s):  
Azaria Danae

This monograph examines the relationship between treaties providing for uninterrupted energy transit and countermeasures under the law of international responsibility. It analyses the obligations governing energy transit through pipelines in multilateral and bilateral treaties, looking at the WTO Agreement, the Energy Charter Treaty, and sixteen bespoke pipeline treaties. It argues that a number of transit obligations under these treaties are indivisible, reflecting the collective interests of states parties. The analysis is placed in the historical and normative landscape of freedom of transit in international law. After setting out the content and scope of obligations concerning transit of energy, it distinguishes countermeasures from treaty law responses, and examines the dispute settlement and compliance supervision provisions in these treaties. Building on these findings, the work discusses the availability and lawfulness of countermeasures as, on the one hand, a means of implementing the transit state’s responsibility for interruptions of energy transit via pipelines; and, on the other hand, circumstances that preclude the wrongfulness of the transit state’s interruptions of transit. The competing interests of the transit state and those of the states dependent on the pipeline make this question one of the most controversial aspects of modern international law.


2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Muchid Albintani

PT. Riau Andalan Pulp and Paper (RAPP) and the activities of Illegal Logging inthe period 2009-2010 the focus of mass media. The focus of the reports motivatedby contradictory realities. On the one hand for the first time since a RegionalHead of local autonomy (Regent) was convicted of corruption (graft) relatedlicense for utilization of timber forest products (IUPHHK) that led to the illegallogging activities that also involve PT. RAPP. While on the other hand, theMinistry of Forestry by SK MENHUT/327/2009, provides expansion of theSemenanjung Kampar to PT. RAPP considered problematic and potentially theactivity of Illegal Logging. This paper aims to, first analyze the media coverage ofIllegal Logging on the existence PT. RAPP in 2009-2010. Second, describe andanalyze the implications of the media coverage of Illegal Logging on the existencePT. RAPP in 2009-2010. This paper uses constructionist (media) and politicaleconomy communication as a theoretical approach. The results of the discussionshowed that, the first the relationship of Illegal Logging and PT. RAPP has beenconstructed by the media that shows if the presence of both (PT RAPP and IllegalLogging) in the year 2009-2010 run separately and not linked. The second, so thenews about the activities undertaken Illegal Logging ('alleged') in PT RAPP anissue of 'ambiguous' and different from each other. In this context, if the newsshowed Illegal Logging, rather than an integral part of the production process(activities) PT. RAPP.Keywords: PT. RAPP, Illegal Logging and Economics Political Communication


2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-432
Author(s):  
Andrzej Rozwadowski

One of the aspects of the relationship between rock art and shamanism, which has been supposed to be of a universal nature, inspired by trance experience, concerns the intentional integration of the images with rock. Rock surface therefore has been interpreted, in numerous shamanic rock-art contexts, as a veil beyond which the otherworld could be encountered. Such an idea was originally proposed in southern Africa, then within Upper Palaeolithic cave art and also other rock-art traditions in diverse parts of the world. This paper for the first time discusses the relevance of this observation from the perspective of unquestionable shamanic culture in Siberia. It shows that the idea of the otherworld to be found on the other side of the rock actually is a widespread motif of shamanic beliefs in Siberia, and that variants of this belief provide a new mode of insight into understanding the semantics of Siberian rock art. Siberian data therefore support previous hypotheses of the shamanic nature of associating rock images with rock surface.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-64
Author(s):  
Tamás Nótári ◽  
Előd Pál

In this paper, we wish to make a few comments on the third edition of the hungarian translation of the Romanian Civil Code, without claiming to be exhaustive. Our translation suggestions concern certain provisions of personal (and family) law, law of property and law of obligations. We will expand on the concepts of legal personality, legal capacity and capacity to act in the personal law section, the concepts of property and assets in the law of property section, and the relationship between the concepts of legal fact and deed in the law of obligations section, and then make translation and correction suggestions for all the other articles in the books mentioned.


Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 164 (4) ◽  
pp. 286
Author(s):  
NATALY O’LEARY ◽  
PABLO MORONI

Hierobotana is a monotypic genus that belongs to tribe Verbeneae and is endemic to Ecuador. It is morphologically distinct from the other genera of Verbeneae in having only two functional stamens instead of four, as occur in most Verbenaceae. In the present work the relationship between Hierobotana and the other genera of Verbeneae is examined for the first time. Its single species, Hierobotana inflata, is described and illustrated and a key to the genera of tribe Verbeneae is provided. 


2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (28) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Luc Bachelot

Résumé: L’apparition de l’écriture, pour la première fois dans le monde, en Mésopotamie à la fin du quatrième millénaire av. J.-C., fut et reste perçue comme une véritable révolution, comme la manifestation d’un saut qualitatif de la civilisation d’autant plus spectaculaire qu’il était imprévisible. Telle est notre perception occidentale, répétée au fil des siècles depuis l’antiquité grecque, mais qui n’est pas universelle. L’Extrême-Orient a une tout autre conception de l’écriture. L’examen attentif des faits, tout comme l’abondante littérature qu’ils ont suscitée, incite à se demander si la véritable aventure de l’écriture ne fut pas en vérité la mésaventure que constitue cette historiographie maintenant millénaire qui n’a cessé de générer une suite quasi ininterrompue d’études, de discours, de mythes et d’histoires visant à décrire son origine. Nous tenterons d’emprunter les issues qui en elle permettent, une sortie de cette mésaventure. Issues que constituent lestravaux de Leroi-Gourhan, Derrida et A.-M. Christin, ainsi que les avancéesrécentes de la neuro-physiologie, celles de G. Rizzolatti notamment. L’écriture comme la parole est une manifestation de l’activité symbolique sans que la première soit nécessairement soumise à la seconde. La relation de l’une à l’autre n’est pas verticale, mais horizontale. L’écriture apparaît donc, quand un champ notionnel est suffisamment élaboré pour être exprimé par un moyen autre que celui de la langue. Resumo: A aparição da escrita, pela primeira vez no mundo, na Mesopotâmia no final do quarto milênio antes de Cristo, foi e continua sendo percebida como uma verdadeira revolução, como a manifestação de um salto qualitativo da civilização tão espetacular quanto imprevisível. Esta é a nossa percepção ocidental, repetida ao longo dos séculos desde a Antiguidade grega, mas que não é universal. O Extremo Oriente tem uma concepção de escrita bem diferente. O exame atento dos fatos, assim como a abundância literária que suscitaram, incita a nos perguntarmos se a verdadeira aventura da escrita não foi na verdade uma desventura, que constitui essa historiografia agora milenar que não cessou de gerar uma sequência quase ininterrupta de estudos, discursos, mitos e histórias visando a descrever a sua origem. Vamos tentar tomar emprestadas questões que permitem uma saída desta desventura. Trata-se de questões que fazem parte dos trabalhos de Leroi-Gourhan, Derrida e A.-M. Christin, assim como dos avanços recentes da neuro-fisiologia, notadamente aqueles realizados por G. Rizzolatti. A escrita, assim como a palavra, é uma manifestação da atividade simbólica sem que a primeira esteja necesariamente submetida à segunda. A relação entre uma e outra não é vertical, mas horizontal. A escrita aparece então quando um campo de noções está suficientemente elaborado para poder ser exprimido por um outro meio que não aquele da língua. Abstract: For the first time in the world, the appearance of writing in Mesopotamia at the end of the fourth millennium BC was and continues to be perceived as a true revolution, as the manifestation of a qualitative leap of civilization, so spectacular and unpredictable. This is our Western perception, repeated over the centuries since the ancient Greeks, although it is not universal. There is a completely different perception of the writing for the Far East. The careful examination of the facts, along with the emerging abundant scholarship, raisesthe question whether the true adventure of writing wasin fact a mishap, which constitutes the now millenarian historiography that has not ceased to generate an almost uninterrupted sequence of studies, discourses, myths and histories in order to describe its origin. We will try to borrow questions that allow us to get out of this misadventure. Questions that form part of the work of Leroi-Gourhan, Derrida and A.-M. Christin, as well as recent advances in neurophysiology, notably those by G. Rizzolatti. Writing, as speech, is a manifestation of symbolic activity, without the former necessarily being subjected to the second. The relationship of one to the other is not vertical but horizontal. The writing then appears when a notional field is sufficiently developed to be expressed by means other than that of language.


2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junisafitri Muljowati ◽  
Loekas Soesanto ◽  
Laurentius Nugroho

Abstract. Muljowati JS, Soesanto L, Nugroho LH. 2021. Short Communication: Histopathology of red chilli fruit (Capsicum annuum) infected with Colletotrichum acutatum of Java, Indonesia isolates. Biodiversitas 22: 874-880. Colletotrichum acutatum isolates from Malang, Temanggung, Kulonprogo, Brebes, Garut, and Pandeglang in Indonesia varied in their ability to produce pigments. In the present study, the histopathological status of red chilli was investigated during the early phase of infection by C. acutatum Java isolate. The results included a description of the histopathological features of red chillies (Capsicum annuum) in the early phase of infection by C. acutatum isolates and the relationship between the origin of the isolates and the time of onset of infection. The red chilli fruits were inoculated with fungal conidia suspension and then the histopathology of chilli fruits was observed at 0 hours (uninfected control), 8 hours, 16 hours, 24 hours, and 32 hours after inoculation. The results showed that C. acutatum isolates from Kulonprogo caused host damage within 8 hours, while the other isolates (from Malang, Brebes, Garut and Pandeglang) began to produce similar symptoms at 16 hours or 24 hours. This study revealed for the first time that pathogenic activity begins at the onset of infection, and the resulting anatomical damage to red chillies begins at different times.


Author(s):  
Peter Lake

This chapter studies King John and The troublesome reign of King John. There has been considerable scholarly debate about the relationship between the two texts; a debate centred on the issue of which came first and therefore of which provided the source for the other. All of this certainly means the resulting differences in tone and content between the two plays have to be seen as the product of a series of highly self-conscious ideological as well as aesthetic and dramatic choices. Either way, The troublesome reign represents a hot protestant take on the reign, written in effect as a piece of proto-nationalist propaganda in the period immediately following the Armada.


2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Calogero Gugliotta

AbstractDetailed field sedimentological and facies analyses have been performed in the Terravecchia Formation cropping out in NW Sicily, in order to differentiate and describe, for the first time, wave- and river-dominated shallow-marine (deltaic) siliciclastic successions. The latter were deposited filling syntectonic basins, developed between the late Tortonian and early Messinian time, within the wedge-top depozone of the Sicilian Foreland Basin System. It has been observed that river-dominated successions, recording the deposition of small fan-deltas are characterized by fining- to coarsening upward, transgressive-regressive sequences which were mostly deposited filling relatively narrow and often oversupplied basins. These basins were probably located in a proximal sector of the wedge-top depozone, closer to emergent sectors of the chain and probably sheltered from the main marine areas. Wavedominated successions, on the other hand, are characterized by upward fining, mostly transgressive sequences which were deposited filling wider basins open to major marine regions and located in a more distal position of the wedge-top depozone. The documented partitioning between river- and wave-dominated successions, as a function of the position of the sedimentary basin within the wedge-top depozone, is coherent with data from analyses of the deformational patterns of the Terravecchia Formation in this study area. Furthermore, the data here presented could be considered as a preliminary database for future characterization and analysis of siliciclastic reservoirs from Sicilian outcrop analogues.


Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4320 (3) ◽  
pp. 426 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAFAŁ GOSIK ◽  
JIŘÍ SKUHROVEC ◽  
IVO TOŠEVSKI ◽  
ROBERTO CALDARA

The relationship between the subtribes Lignyodina and Tychiina of the Tychiini were tested on the basis of morphological characters from the immature stages. The mature larvae of Lignyodes bischoffi (Blatchley, 1916) and L. enucleator (Panzer, 1798) (Curculionidae, Curculioninae, Tychiini, Lignyodina) and the pupae of L. bischoffi are described in detail for the first time. To be sure about the correct taxonomic identification of the larvae, DNA sequences were obtained and compared for both the larvae and adults of these two species. Molecular data show that the two studied species of Lignyodes  Dejean, 1835 strongly differ in mitochondrial COI and 16S rRNA. The immature stages (larva and pupa) of Lignyodes bischoffi and L. enucleator were compared with each other and with those known for other taxa representative of the tribe Tychiini and other tribes of Curculioninae. The larvae of Lignyodes bischoffi and L. enucleator differ in a few but important characters. The larvae and pupae of these two species belonging to Lignyodes s. str. are morphologically very similar to those of species in the other two subgenera of Lignyodes, Neotylopterus Clark, Whitehead & Warner, 1977 and Chionanthobius Pierce, 1912. On the basis of the detailed morphology of larvae and pupae, we agree that Lignyodes belong to Tychiini, sharing more features with species of this tribe than with those of other tribes of Curculioninae. New bionomic data concerning larval and pupal development and adult emergence are reported for both described species and confirm close relationships between the subtribes Lignyodina and Tychiina. On the other hand, strong molecular differences, corroborated by some relevant larval differences, between L. enucleator and L. bischoffi open up the issue whether Palaearctic and Nearctic species presently included in Lignyodes s. str. actually belong to the same subgenus. 


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