scholarly journals Ghana’s Fertiliser Subsidy Programme: Assessing Farmer Participation and Perceptions of its Effectiveness

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Benjamin Tetteh Anang ◽  
Solace Kudadze
Keyword(s):  
Household Head ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Northern Ghana ◽  
Extension Agents ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

In 2008, the Government of Ghana introduced a national fertiliser subsidy programme to promote the production of cereals in the country. Documented evidence of the impact of the programme, factors affecting participation, and the perceptions of farmers about its effectiveness remains scanty and hard to find. This study therefore sought to investigate the factors affecting participation in the subsidy programme as well as farmers’ perceptions about its effectiveness using data from a cross-section of 300 farm households in northern Ghana. The study employed a probit model to assess the factors affecting participation in the subsidy programme while descriptive statistics were used to present the findings on farmers’ perceptions. The results indicated that participation in the subsidy programme is significantly influenced by educational status and farming experience of the household head, contact with agricultural extension agents, herd size, degree of specialisation in rice production, use of farm mechanisation and location of the farm. Furthermore, farmers perceived the subsidy programme to be ineffective in terms of timeliness, availability and distribution of subsidised fertiliser, access to coupons (vouchers), and distance to fertiliser depots. The findings underscore the need to ensure adequate and timely supply of subsidised fertiliser, improve communication on the availability of both fertiliser coupons and subsidised fertiliser, as well as increase in the number of extension workers to enhance the effectiveness of the subsidy programme.

scholarly journals The factors affecting accessibility to credit capital of small and medium enterprises in Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
Phung The Dong ◽  
Nguyen Thi Hong Nham
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Bank Loans ◽  
Bank Loan ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Business Loan ◽  
The Government ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Impact

The difficulty in accessing loans is one of the major barriers to the development of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Vietnam. Low accessibility to capital forces SMEs to spend both official and unofficial costs in order to obtain loans, and/or to access the unofficial market at higher interest rates, thereby increasing cost of production of enterprises. Studies suggest that the determinants of bank loan processing through which small and medium enterprises can access official loans include: characteristics of enterprises; indicators, reflecting the performance of enterprises; characteristics of loans; characteristics of enterprises, enterprise owners; geographical position of enterprises; the creditworthiness of enterprises and the role of the network.Purpose of the study.The aim of this paper is the quantitative analysis of the factors, affecting accessibility to credit capital of small and medium enterprises in Vietnam.Materials and methods.This study was conducted on the basis of a survey in December 2017. The survey includes 301 enterprises in Hanoi city. Selected enterprises are also enterprises, surveyed in the annual enterprise survey by the General Statistics Office of Vietnam. This paper uses the Probit and Logit regression approach to estimate the impact of factors, affecting the disbursement probability of a loan of an enterprise. The number of SMEs accounts for 56.69% of the samples. The number of enterprises, applying for a bank loan accounts for 58.4% of the total samples, of which the percentage of disbursed loans for SMEs accounts for only 47.3%. For enterprises without a bank loan, eliminating the reasons for the lack of demand and unwish to be in debt, the main reasons not to access bank loans are high interest rates, complicated loan procedures and insufficient collateral.Results.The results obtained from the Logistic and Probit models show that the estimated coefficients are statistically significant, affecting the probability of taking a business loan, accepted by financial institutions. Although the coefficients, estimated from Logistics model are larger than those estimated from the Probit model, the estimated results show that the direction of impact of the variables in two estimation techniques gives quite similar results.Conclusion.Based on the results of this study, the Government of Vietnam should implement policies to support SMEs in the direction of improving their access to capital. The credit institutions should design products and services suitable to the characteristics of SMEs in Vietnam.

scholarly journals Psychological Factors Affecting Risk Perception of COVID-19: Evidence from Peru and China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6513
Author(s):  
Fredy S. Monge-Rodríguez ◽  
He Jiang ◽  
Liwei Zhang ◽  
Andy Alvarado-Yepez ◽  
Anahí Cardona-Rivero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Risk Communication ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Health Field

COVID-19 has spread around the world, causing a global pandemic, and to date is impacting in various ways in both developed and developing countries. We know that the spread of this virus is through people’s behavior despite the perceived risks. Risk perception plays an important role in decision-making to prevent infection. Using data from the online survey of participants in Peru and China (N = 1594), data were collected between 8 July 31 and August 2020. We found that levels of risk perception are relatively moderate, but higher in Peru compared to China. In both countries, anxiety, threat perception, self-confidence, and sex were found to be significant predictors of risk perception; however, trust in the information received by government and experts was significant only in Peru, whereas self-confidence had a significant negative effect only for China. Risk communication should be implemented through information programs aimed at reducing anxiety and improving self-confidence, taking into consideration gender differences. In addition, the information generated by the government should be based on empirical sources. Finally, the implications for effective risk communication and its impacts on the health field are discussed.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Socio-Economic Status of Households in Southern Punjab

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-331
Author(s):  
Salyha Zulfiqar Ali Shah ◽  
Imran Sharif Chaudhry ◽  
Fatima Farooq
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Household Head ◽  
External Shocks ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Physical Assets ◽  
The Government

The Households having low socio-economic status possess less resource in term of wealth and income to resist against any kind of external shocks. Apart from heath shocks (physical and mental disabilities) there are numerous other factors that force them to follow subsistence life style having low per capita income. A primary level data has been collected to examine the socio economic status of households in Southern Punjab for the year 2019.The findings show that household size, occupation, dependency ratio, mental disability and physical disability are negatively affecting economic development across the region. However, age, education of the household head, own house, spouse ‘s participation, remittances, number of earners in the household and value of physical assets are increasing economic development in Southern Punjab. Developing strategies, adequate planning and their timely implementation is very crucial for the government to pursue the process of economic growth and development of the poor countries like Pakistan.

scholarly journals Synergy of the Pentahelix Model to Establish Resilient Smes in Facing New Normal during Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 754-761
Author(s):  
Herdiana Dyah Susanti ◽  
Dian Arief Pradana ◽  
Endang Suprihatin
Keyword(s):  
Data Sources ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Data Validity ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

Coronavirus new which caused the outbreak of pneumonia and caused the closure of tourist destinations and caused many SMEs products to be returned by the souvenir center and SMEs production stopped during the Covid-19 pandemic. Banyuwangi Regency has also experienced the closure of tourist destinations starting March 2020 and has an impact on SMEs in Banyuwangi Regency, one of which is Ratu Manis SMEs. After the closure of tourist attractions, 70% of Ratu Manis SMEs products that were entrusted to the souvenir center and tourist attractions were returned. The number of SMEs Ratu Manis production has also decreased. Many exhibition events at every festival held in Banyuwangi Regency have been canceled due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Ratu Manis SMEs is trying to rise from the impact caused by the Covid-19 pandemic through synergy from various parties with the help of the government, academics, media and the community using the pentahelix approach. The research approach used in this research is descriptive research. The data sources used in this study are secondary and primary data sources. The data were collected using data collection techniques, namely observation and interviews with the source triangulation strategy for data validity. With penta helix synergy of industry, government, academia, media and the community sweet queen SMEs can survive to face the pandemic covid-19 and may even improve the quality of the products and sales turnover also increased from 20 kg to 40 kg per day.

Factors Affecting Indian Consumers’ Intention to Use eHealth Services

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ridhi Bhatia ◽  
Udita Taneja
Keyword(s):  
Computer Literacy ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Quality Of Healthcare ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Indian Consumers ◽  
Customer Segment ◽  
Ehealth Services ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: This study focuses on the degree of acceptance of different categories of eHealth among the Indian consumers and the factors that determine acceptance and intention to use these services. The factors included for the study are as follows: demographic factors, use of information and communication technology (ICT) and the status of healthcare. Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected through personal interviews from a sample of 125 respondents living in urban and semi-urban villages in the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi of India. Quota sampling method was used so that the impact of demographic factors on eHealth services could be analysed. Findings: From this study, we can conclude that the key factors that need to be considered include age, location, computer literacy and healthcare status in terms of healthcare need, accessibility and satisfaction. Practical implications: The results of this study will help in determining the customer segment and size of the market for eHealth. The government can also use the findings of this study to improve the quality of healthcare for its people by ensuring better utilization of eHealth services. Originality/value: eHealth services are an emerging solution to address the issues of healthcare accessibility, affordability and financial viability in developing countries like India. This study contributes to the limited existing literature on exploring the consumers’ intention to use eHealth services in India and the factors that will determine this intention.

scholarly journals FACTORS AFFECTING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL EDUCATION POLICY IN PRIVATE SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN EDO STATE

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Roseline O Osagie
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Technical Education ◽  
Instructional Materials ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Vocational And Technical Education ◽  
Edo State ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The government policy directive to secondary schools has been to diversify their programs to include vocational and technical education in the 6-3-3-4 system in order to make provision for students with varying aptitudes. This article explores the impact of this policy by examining some factors affecting the implementation of the policy in private secondary schools in Edo state. Subjects for the study were fifty (50) students, fifty (50) teachers and five (5) principals randomly drawn from five(5) private secondary schools in Edo State. The study utilized interviews, observations and a questionnaire to assess the implementation of government policy onvocational and technical education in private secondary schools in Edo State. The findings showed that there was a dearth of qualified teachers for vocational and technical subjects, poor infrastructure, lack of equipment, instructional materials and books. The schools were not adequately financed. It was observed that the federal government did not make adequate preparations before it issued directives for the take off of the programs in the schools. Recommendations were made for the federal government to sensitize the public on the importance of vocational and technical education, as it plays a vital and indispensable role in the economic and technological development of the country.

scholarly journals Ascertaining the Impact of the 2000 USDA Dietary Guidelines for Americans on the Intake of Calories, Caffeine, Calcium, and Vitamin C from At-Home Consumption of Nonalcoholic Beverages

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senarath Dharmasena ◽  
Oral Capps ◽  
Annette Clauson
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Dietary Guidelines For Americans ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nonalcoholic Beverages ◽  
Home Consumption

Obesity is one of the most pressing and widely emphasized health problems in America today. Beverage choices made by households have impacts on determining the intake of calories, calcium, caffeine, and vitamin C. Using data from the Nielsen Homescan Panel over the period 1998-2003, and a two-way random-effects Fuller-Battese error components procedure, we estimate econometric models to examine economic and demographic factors affecting per-capita daily intake of calories, calcium, caffeine, and vitamin C derived from the consumption of nonalcoholic beverages. Our study demonstrates the effectiveness of the USDA 2000 Dietary Guidelines in reducing caloric and nutrient intake associated with nonalcoholic beverages.

The Impact of the Earned Income Tax Credit on Poverty: Analyzing the Dimensions by Race and Immigration

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 117-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olugbenga Ajilore
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
State Level ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Earned Income Tax Credit ◽  
Tax Credit ◽  
Earned Income ◽  
Poverty Transitions ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

This paper analyzes the effectiveness of the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) on poverty transitions, with an emphasis on native-born African–Americans and immigration. A probit model is estimated using data from the Current Population Survey (CPS), which evaluates the impact of EITC participation and immigration on transitions out of poverty. The EITC is found to be a useful tool in combating poverty and is effective for African–Americans, though only for women. More importantly, the results show that the implementation of state-level EITCs can mitigate the adverse effects of immigration for native-born African–Americans.

scholarly journals What factors influence the utilisation of all doses of vaccines with subsequent doses for under-five children in Ghana?

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Mustapha Immurana ◽  
Arabi Urmi
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Whooping Cough ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Measles Vaccine ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccines ◽  
Vaccines For Children ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Registration Scheme ◽  
Binary Probit

Pneumonia, Diarrhoea, Measles, Polio and Whooping Cough are major killers of children in the world. However, one of the most effective ways of preventing these diseases is through utilising completely their respective vaccines which are normally administered in doses. Therefore given that the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (GDHS) report showed a fall in the coverage of the subsequent doses of the Pentavalent, Pneumococcal, Polio and Rotavirus vaccines for children in Ghana, this study investigated the factors that influence the Utilisation of all Doses of these vaccines as well as the Measles vaccine. Using Data from the 2014 GDHS and employing the binary probit model, the study among other findings revealed that, children from the Eastern, Northern and Western regions were found to be less probable to have received all the doses of the Polio and Pentavalent vaccines. Also unemployed mothers were found to be less likely to demand for all the doses of the Measles, Pentavalent, Pneumococcal and Rotavirus vaccines for their children. Moreover, rising age of the household head was associated with falling utilization of all the doses of the Pneumococcal, Pentavalent and Polio vaccines for children. Furthermore, children with single mothers were found to be less likely to have received all doses of both the Polio and Pentavalent vaccines. Also uneducated mothers were found to be less likely to demand for all the doses of the Polio, Pentavalent and Measles vaccines for their children relative to mothers with secondary education. In addition mothers without health insurance were found to be less likely to utilize all the doses of the Measles and Polio vaccines for their children. Therefore reinvigoration of regional centeredness of child health utilization drives, aiding single, unemployed and uneducated women as well as strengthening the free maternal health insurance registration scheme, could be effective tools in ensuring full utilisation of all doses of these vaccines.

scholarly journals The Impact of Patient Safety Culture and the Leader Coaching Behavior of Nurses on the Intention to Report Errors: A Cross-Sectional Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Chegini ◽  
Mohammad ASGHARI JAFARABADI ◽  
Edris KAKEMAM ◽  
Ali JANATI
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Safety Culture ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Patient Safety Culture ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Coaching Behavior ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background There is growing interest in examining the factors affecting the reporting of errors by nurses. However, little research has been conducted into the effects of perceived patient safety culture and leader coaching behavior of nurses on the intention to report errors.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 256 nurses in the emergency departments of 18 public and private hospitals in Tabriz, northwest Iran. Participants completed the self- administered questionnaires and the data was analyzed using linear regression analysis.Results Overall, 43% of nurses had an intention to report errors; 50% of respondents reported that their nursing managers demonstrated high levels of coaching. With regard to patient safety culture, areas of strength and weakness were “Teamwork within Units” (PRR = 66.80%) and “Non-punitive response errors” (PRR = 19.66%). Regression findings highlighted a significant association between an intention to report errors and patient safety culture (B=0.123, CI 95%: 0.005 to 0.328, P = 0.026), leader coaching behavior (B=0.172, CI 95%: 0.066 to 0.347, P = 0.004) and nurses’ educational status (B=0. 787, 95% CI: -.064 to 1.638, P = 0.048). Conclusions Further research is needed to assess how interventions addressing patient safety culture and leader coaching behaviors might increase the intention to report errors.

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