Karakterisasi Feed Zone dan Potensi Produksi Sumur Panas Bumi ML-XX Muara Laboh, Solok Selatan

Devi Marisa; Ardian Putra; Robi Irsamukhti; Rudy Martikno; Jantiur Situmorang; Alfianto Perdana Putra; Muhammad Tamrin Humaedi

doi:10.25077/jfu.5.4.313-321.2016

Karakterisasi Feed Zone dan Potensi Produksi Sumur Panas Bumi ML-XX Muara Laboh, Solok Selatan

Jurnal Fisika Unand ◽

10.25077/jfu.5.4.313-321.2016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 313-321

Author(s):

Devi Marisa ◽

Ardian Putra ◽

Robi Irsamukhti ◽

Rudy Martikno ◽

Jantiur Situmorang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Feed Zone ◽

Heating Up

Penelitian mengenai uji komplesi guna untuk mengetahui karakterisasi sumur dan reservoir panas bumi, antara lain lokasi feed zones dan kontribusinya, injectivity index (II), profil tekanan dan temperatur, jenis fluida, serta potensi produksi sumur telah dilakukan di sumur panas bumi ML-XX Muara Laboh, Solok Selatan. Uji komplesi dilakukan melalui beberapa tahap, dimulai dari PTS injection, multi-rate injectivity test, PT heating-up survey hingga pemodelan sumur. Data dari hasil uji komplesi akan digunakan untuk menghitung estimasi potensi produksi dari sumur tersebut dengan melakukan pemodelan sumur. Hasil dari uji komplesi pada sumur ML-XX menunjukkan adanya 4 lokasi feed zone dengan feed zone utama terletak pada kedalaman 1536 m, lokasi lain terletak pada kedalaman 1617 m, 1797 m, dan >1878 m. Feed zone mayor memiliki laju alir massa sebesar 49 kg/s, kontribusi aliran 60% dan injectivity index (II) sebesar 9 kg/s.bara. Untuk estimasi potensi produksi, didapatkan sebesar 8,2 MWe pada tekanan kepala sumur (WHP) 9,2 bara dengan tekanan separasi sebesar 7 bara menggunakan metode Hagedorn-Brown. Sumur ML-XX merupakan sumur satu fasa dengan sistem dominasi air.Kata kunci: uji komplesi, feed zones, injectivity index, pemodelan sumur

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ON THE MECHANISMS OF POROUS SILICON COMBUSTION IN OXYGEN AND AIR ATMOSPHERE WHEN SODIUM PERCHLORATE IS INCORPORATED IN PORES

NONEQUILIBRIUM PROCESSES. Vol. 2. Fundamentals of combustion ◽

10.30826/nepcap2018-2-13 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

V. N. MIRONOV ◽

◽

O. G. PENYAZKOV ◽

P. N. KRIVOSHEYEV ◽

I. A. IVANOV ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Porous Silicon ◽

Porous Layer ◽

Sodium Perchlorate ◽

Spark Ignition ◽

Joule Heat ◽

Air Atmosphere ◽

Breakdown Region ◽

Ignition And Combustion ◽

Heating Up

The processes of pSi ignition and combustion in oxygen are described. When spark ignition in the porous layer releases the Joule heat, it leads to a significant heating-up of the breakdown region.

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Heating Up International Trade Law: Challenges and Opportunities Posed by Efforts to Combat Climate Change

Carbon & Climate Law Review ◽

10.21552/cclr/2008/1/32 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 11 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

R. Tarasofsky

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

International Trade ◽

Trade Law ◽

International Trade Law ◽

Challenges And Opportunities ◽

Combat Climate Change ◽

Heating Up

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Structural Transformations and Mechanical Properties of Metastable Austenitic Steel under High Temperature Thermomechanical Treatment

Metals ◽

10.3390/met11040645 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 645

Author(s):

Igor Litovchenko ◽

Sergey Akkuzin ◽

Nadezhda Polekhina ◽

Kseniya Almaeva ◽

Evgeny Moskvichev

Keyword(s):

Plastic Deformation ◽

Grain Size ◽

High Temperature ◽

Austenitic Steel ◽

Structural Transformations ◽

Initial State ◽

Twin Boundaries ◽

Metastable Austenitic Steel ◽

Average Grain Size ◽

Heating Up

The effect of high-temperature thermomechanical treatment on the structural transformations and mechanical properties of metastable austenitic steel of the AISI 321 type is investigated. The features of the grain and defect microstructure of steel were studied by scanning electron microscopy with electron back-scatter diffraction (SEM EBSD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It is shown that in the initial state after solution treatment the average grain size is 18 μm. A high (≈50%) fraction of twin boundaries (annealing twins) was found. In the course of hot (with heating up to 1100 °C) plastic deformation by rolling to moderate strain (e = 1.6, where e is true strain) the grain structure undergoes fragmentation, which gives rise to grain refining (the average grain size is 8 μm). Partial recovery and recrystallization also occur. The fraction of low-angle misorientation boundaries increases up to ≈46%, and that of twin boundaries decreases to ≈25%, compared to the initial state. The yield strength after this treatment reaches up to 477 MPa with elongation-to-failure of 26%. The combination of plastic deformation with heating up to 1100 °C (e = 0.8) and subsequent deformation with heating up to 600 °C (e = 0.7) reduces the average grain size to 1.4 μm and forms submicrocrystalline fragments. The fraction of low-angle misorientation boundaries is ≈60%, and that of twin boundaries is ≈3%. The structural states formed after this treatment provide an increase in the strength properties of steel (yield strength reaches up to 677 MPa) with ductility values of 12%. The mechanisms of plastic deformation and strengthening of metastable austenitic steel under the above high-temperature thermomechanical treatments are discussed.

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Large-Eddy Simulation Analyses of Heated Urban Canyon Facades

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14113078 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (11) ◽

pp. 3078

Author(s):

Carlo Cintolesi ◽

Francesco Barbano ◽

Silvana Di Sabatino

Keyword(s):

Urban Canopy ◽

Pollutant Removal ◽

Present Contribution ◽

Convective Flows ◽

Eddy Simulation ◽

Large Eddy ◽

Isothermal Case ◽

Definition Of ◽

New Formulation ◽

Heating Up

Thermal convective flows are common phenomena in real urban canyons and strongly affect the mechanisms of pollutant removal from the canyon. The present contribution aims at investigating the complex interaction between inertial and thermal forces within the canyon, including the impacts on turbulent features and pollutant removal mechanisms. Large-eddy simulations reproduce infinitely long square canyons having isothermal and differently heated facades. A scalar source on the street mimics the pollutant released by traffic. The presence of heated facades triggers convective flows which generate an interaction region around the canyon-ambient interface, characterised by highly energetic turbulent fluxes and an increase of momentum and mass exchange. The presence of this region of high mixing facilitates the pollutant removal across the interface and decreases the urban canopy drag. The heating-up of upwind facade determines favourable convection that strengthens the primary internal vortex and decreases the pollutant concentration of the whole canyon by 49% compare to the isothermal case. The heating-up of the downwind facade produces adverse convection counteracting the wind-induced motion. Consequently, the primary vortex is less energetic and confined in the upper-canyon area, while a region of almost zero velocity and high pollution concentration (40% more than the isothermal case) appears at the pedestrian level. Finally, numerical analyses allow a definition of a local Richardson number based on in-canyon quantities only and a new formulation is proposed to characterise the thermo-dynamics regimes.

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The debate for thermal ablation of colorectal cancer pulmonary metastases is heating up

Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery ◽

10.21037/qims.2020.03.18 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 1169-1173

Author(s):

Karin Steinke

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Thermal Ablation ◽

Pulmonary Metastases ◽

Heating Up

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Chemical Oxidative Polymerization of Methylene Blue: Reaction Mechanism and Aspects of Chain Structure

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13132188 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (13) ◽

pp. 2188

Author(s):

Yaroslav O. Mezhuev ◽

Igor Y. Vorobev ◽

Ivan V. Plyushchii ◽

Efrem G. Krivoborodov ◽

Alexander A. Artyukhov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Methylene Blue ◽

Oxidative Polymerization ◽

Chain Structure ◽

Charge Transfer Complexes ◽

Significant Weight Loss ◽

Chemical Oxidative Polymerization ◽

First Order ◽

Initial Stage ◽

Blue Reaction ◽

Heating Up

The kinetic regularities of the initial stage of chemical oxidative polymerization of methylene blue under the action of ammonium peroxodisulfate in an aqueous medium have been established by the method of potentiometry. It was shown that the methylene blue polymerization mechanism includes the stages of chain initiation and growth. It was found that the rate of the initial stage of the reaction obeys the kinetic equation of the first order with the activation energy 49 kJ × mol−1. Based on the proposed mechanism of oxidative polymerization of methylene blue and the data of MALDI, EPR, and IR spectroscopy methods, the structure of the polymethylene blue chain is proposed. It has been shown that polymethylene blue has a metallic luster, and its electrical conductivity is probably the result of conjugation over extended chain sections and the formation of charge transfer complexes. It was found that polymethylene blue is resistant to heating up to a temperature of 440 K and then enters into exothermic transformations without significant weight loss. When the temperature rises above 480 K, polymethylene blue is subject to endothermic degradation and retains 75% of its mass up to 1000 K.

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Should a hotter paramagnet transform quicker to a ferromagnet? Monte Carlo simulation results for Ising model

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics ◽

10.1039/d1cp00879j ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Subir K Das ◽

Nalina Vadakkayil

Keyword(s):

Monte Carlo Simulation ◽

Monte Carlo ◽

Ising Model ◽

Simulation Results ◽

Heating Up

For quicker formation of ice, before inserting inside a refrigerator, heating up of a body of water can be beneficial. We report first observation of a counterpart of this intriguing...

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The preparation of poly(methylsilsesquioxane) network-polyimide hybrid materials by the sol-gel process and their properties

High Performance Polymers ◽

10.1088/0954-0083/6/1/005 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 43-52 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Yoshitake Iyoku ◽

Masa-aki Kakimoto ◽

Yoshio Imai

Keyword(s):

Hybrid Materials ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Tensile Modulus ◽

Hybrid Films ◽

Elongation At Break ◽

Dimethyl Acetamide ◽

Flexible Films ◽

Sol Gel Process ◽

Heating Up ◽

Silicone Content

Poly(methylsilsesquixoane) network (silicone)-polyimide hybrid materials were successfully prepared by the sol-gel reaction of methyltriethoxysilane (MTES). The ethoxysilyl group in MTES was hydrolyzed and polycondensed in the solution of the polyamic acid, derived from pyromellitic dianhydride and bis(4-aminophenyl)ether, in N,N-dimethyl-acetamide (DMAc). The hybrid films were obtained by casting the reaction mixture, followed by heating up to 300°C. The hybrid materials containing 0-60wt% of silicone afforded flexible films. The films containing less than 7 wt% silicone were yellow and transparent, whereas the films with higher silicone content were yellow and opaque. Silicone particles with a diameter of around 1-10 μm were observed in the fracture surface of the hybrid films by scanning electron microscopy. Although the tensile strength and tensile modulus of the films obtained decreased with increasing silicone content. the value of the elongation at break remained at 60% up to 30% silicone content.

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