scholarly journals Trends in cancer incidence in Uruguay:2002 - 2015

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariela Garau ◽  
Carina Musetti ◽  
Rafael Alonso ◽  
Enrique Barrios
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Registry ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
National Cancer Registry ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Life Style Changes

Background: Uruguay is the southamerican country which has the highest cancer incidence and mortality rates. The National Cancer Registry collects data on cancer cases nationwide since 1989 and has reached high quality standards in the last decades. This is the first report on incidence trends. Methods: Data from the National Cancer Registry of all new cases of invasive cancer from twelve sites diagnosed in 2002-2015 was analyzed. Age-standardized rates were calculated. Trends of incidence rates were analyzed using joinpoint regression models. Results For both, men and women, incidence rates trends for all cancer sites, colo-rectal and bladder cancer remained stable. Esophageal and gastric cancers descend while Thyroid and kidney cancer incidence increased. In men lung cancer decreased; testicular cancer increased, and prostate cancer increased at the beginning of the period and decreased in the final years. In women; lung cancer increased, breast cancer remained stable and cervical cancer presented a significant decline from 2005 to 2010 and reached a plateau since then. Conclusion: Cancer incidence dynamics are complex and affected not only by Public Health policies such as tobacco control, vaccination and screening programs, but also by environmental and life style changes and the attitude of the medical community towards the application of diagnostic and therapeutic tools. The aim of this paper is to analyze cancer incidence time trends in the country and provide possible explanations to them.

scholarly journals Colorectal Cancer in Young and Older Adults in Uruguay: Changes in Recent Incidence and Mortality Trends

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8232
Author(s):  
Carina Musetti ◽  
Mariela Garau ◽  
Rafael Alonso ◽  
Marion Piñeros ◽  
Isabelle Soerjomataram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Incidence

Uruguay has the highest colorectal cancer incidence rates in Latin America. Previous studies reported a stable incidence and a slight increase in mortality among males. We aimed to assess colorectal cancer incidence (2002–2017) and mortality trends (1990–2017) by age groups and sex, using data from the National Cancer Registry. Annual percent changes (APCs) were estimated using joinpoint regression models. We included 27,561 colorectal cancer cases and 25,403 deaths. We found an increasing incidence among both males and females aged 40–49, with annual increases of 3.1% (95%CI: 1.21–5.03) and 2.1% (95%CI: 0.49–3.66), respectively, and an increasein the rate in older males (70+) of 0.60% (95%CI: 0.02–1.20) per year between 2002 and 2017. Mortality remained stable among those younger than 50, whereas it decreased for older females aged 50–69 and 70+ (APC: −0.61% (−1.07–0.14) and −0.68% (−1.02–0.34), respectively), and increased for the oldest males (70+; APC: 0.74 (0.47–1.01)). In conclusion, we found rising colorectal cancer incidence accompanied by stable mortality in young adults. Sex disparities were also found among the older adults, with a more favorable pattern for females. Exposures to dietary and lifestyle risk factors, and inequalities in access to and awareness of screening programs, are probably among the main underlying causes and deserve further investigation.

scholarly journals Trends in Leading Cancer Incidence among Iranian Women: Annual Cancer Registry Reports, 2003-2015

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Razieh Bidhendi-Yarandi ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Panahi
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Registry ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Iranian Women ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
National Cancer Registry ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
History Of ◽  
Increasing Trends

Background: Cancer is one of the most important causes of death in the world and has an increasing trend globally. We aimed at investigating the five leading cancers in Iranian women based on a 10-year history of cancer registry reports and illustrating the trends in all cancer sites and breast cancer as the top leading one from 2003 to 2015. Methods: Data were obtained from national cancer registry study. Age-Specific Incidence Rate (ASR) data were obtained from Iran’s annual national cancer registry reports between 2003 to 2010 and 2014 to 2015. Using Joinpoint regression, we analyzed incidence trends over time for all cancer sites and the top leading cancer from 2003 to 2015. Results: Breast cancer was ranked first in Iranian women. Its ASR raised from 15.96 in 2003 to 32.63 in 2015. Results of trend analysis based on Annual Percent Change (APC) index showed 5.6 (95%CI: 2.9 to 8.3) and 4.6 (95%CI: 2.0 to 7.2) annual increase in the incidence of all cancer sites and breast cancer from 2003 to 2015, respectively. Conclusion: This study indicates significant increasing trends in all cancer sites and breast cancer incidence in Iran. Despite the national coverage of cancer registry over the past decade, more considerations should be taken into account, especially in Breast cancer.

scholarly journals LUNG CANCER INCIDENCE AND MORTALITY IN THE KHANTY-MANSI AUTONOMOUS OKRUG – YUGRA

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
A. A. Mordovskii ◽  
A. A. Aksarin ◽  
A. M. Parsadanyan ◽  
M. D. Ter-Ovanesov ◽  
P. P. Troyan
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Lung Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cross Correlation Analysis ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Khanty Mansi Autonomous

The aim of the study was to assess the lung cancer incidence and mortality in the Khanty-mansi autonomous okrug – Yugra during the period 1999–2019.Material and methods. We have studied the lung cancer incidence and mortality rates in Yugra over the last 21 years (1999–2019).Results. In Yugra, the lung cancer (lc) incidence rates increased by 24.7 % from 1999 to 2019, demonstrating higher rates than those in the Russian Federation (RF), where lc incidence rates decreased by 20.3 %. In 2019, the age-standardized incidence rate was 30.5 per 100,000 (22.7 for RF); the age-standardized mortality rate was 16.4 per 100,000 (18.4 for RF). The mortality rate from lc in Yugra was 9.6 times higher in males than in females (35.5 vs. 3.7 per 100,000). The cross-correlation analysis revealed a correlation between the lc incidence/mortality and air pollution in Yugra. The main carcinogens in Yugra were formaldehyde, phenol, nitrogen dioxide, and benzapyrene. The assessment of the relationship between the age-standardized lc incidence/mortality rates and the amount of pollutants emitted into the atmosphere revealed that their synergistic effects with tobacco smoking can double the risk of lung cancer development. The increase in the number of chest computed tomography (ct) scans performed in the context of the pandemic caused by covid-19 infection led to an 18 % increase in the number of incidentally detected pulmonary nodules, of which 9 % of cases were diagnosed as lc.Conclusion. The lc incidence rates in Yugra tended to increase. The high rate of lc incidence is caused by man-made and natural factors, which requires the implementation of a screening program with the use of low-dose computed tomography in order to improve the early detection and prevention of this disease.

scholarly journals Cancer Incidence Trends in the Oil Shale Industrial Region in Estonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 3833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Idavain ◽  
Katrin Lang ◽  
Jelena Tomasova ◽  
Aavo Lang ◽  
Hans Orru
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Oil Shale ◽  
Urinary Bladder Cancer ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Cancer Registry Data ◽  
Analyse Time ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Large oil shale resources are found in Eastern Estonia, where the mineral resource is mined, excavated, and used for electricity generation and shale oil extraction. During industrial activities in the last 100 years, pollutants have been emitted in large amounts, some of which are toxic and carcinogenic. The current study aims to analyse time trends in cancer incidence in the oil shale industry-affected areas and compare them with overall cancer incidence rates and trends in Estonia. We analysed Estonian Cancer Registry data on selected cancer sites that have been previously indicated to have relationships with industrial activities like oil shale extraction. We included lung cancer, kidney cancer, urinary bladder cancer, leukaemia, breast cancer, and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. A statistically significantly higher lung cancer age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) was found during the study period (1992—2015) only in males in the oil shale areas as compared to males in Estonia overall: 133.6 and 95.5 per 100,000, respectively. However, there appeared to be a statistically significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the lung cancer ASIR in males in the oil shale areas (overall decrease 28.9%), whereas at the same time, there was a significant increase (p < 0.05) in non-oil shale areas (13.3%) and in Estonia overall (1.5%). Other cancer sites did not show higher ASIRs in the oil shale industrial areas compared to other areas in Estonia. Possible explanations could be improved environmental quality, socio-economic factors, and other morbidities.

scholarly journals Sarcomas Epidemiology in Iran: Analysis of Data from Iranian National Cancer Registry between 2009 and 2014

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Asef-Kabiri ◽  
Afshin Moradi ◽  
Maryam Khayamzadeh ◽  
Farid Moradian ◽  
Mohammad Esmaeil Akbari
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Cancer Registry ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
World Health ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Spindle Cell Sarcoma ◽  
National Cancer Registry ◽  
Incidence Trends

Background: Sarcomas are a wide group of tumors with a mesenchymal origin, accounting for 1% of all adult malignancies. Objectives: This study examined the incidence rates and distribution patterns of morphological subtypes and primary sites of soft tissue and bone sarcomas in a 6-years period in the total population of Iran. Methods: The data was retrieved from the Iranian National Cancer Registry (INCR). A total of 14630 patients were identified with either bone or soft tissue sarcoma during 2009 - 2014. The morphological and topographical classifications were based on the ICD-O-3 and World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. The crude and age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) were calculated. Results: The combined crude incidence was calculated 3.2/100,000, and for STS and BS was 2.7 and 0.5 per 100,000 individuals, respectively, increasing with the age. Among the patients, 16.47 and 83.53% of cases had BS and STS, respectively with male predilection. The ASIR calculated 2.8 and 2.6 for STS and 0.51 and 0.37 for BS in males and females, respectively. Sarcoma, osteosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, liposarcoma, and spindle cell sarcoma were the most common morphologies. The connective tissue of the lower limb, long bone of the lower limb, skin, and uterus were the most frequent primary tumor sites. The majority of tumors were of unknown/undifferentiated grade (grade 9), then grade 3, 1, 2, 4, and score 0 had the highest frequencies, respectively. The highest ASIR of sarcoma was detected in Khuzestan, Kohgiloyeh and Boyer-Ahmad, Isfahan, Tehran, Fars, and Khorasan Razavi provinces. Analysis of the incidence trends showed a slight increase over the study period. Conclusions: These findings can help better diagnose and management of sarcoma patients throughout Iran.

Cancer incidence and mortality in the USA Astronaut Corps, 1959–2017

2021 ◽  
pp. oemed-2020-107143
Author(s):  
Robert Reynolds ◽  
Mark P Little ◽  
Steven Day ◽  
Jacqueline Charvat ◽  
Steven Blattnig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cancer Case ◽  
Case Fatality Ratio ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Us

ObjectivesCancer incidence and mortality are important outcomes in the surveillance of long-term astronaut health. We compare cancer incidence rates, cancer-specific mortality rates, and cancer case-fatality ratios in US astronauts with those in the US general population.MethodsWe use standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) and standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) to index the incidence and mortality of various cancers against rates in the US general population, from the US astronaut cohort inception in April 1959 through 31 December 2017. We compare the lethality of these cancers using the relative case-fatality ratio.ResultsOverall cancer incidence and mortality were slightly lower than expected from national rates with SIR 82 (95% CI 63 to 104) and SMR 72 (95% CI 44 to 111) with a modest 14% reduction in case-fatality ratio. Prostate cancer and melanoma skin cancer had significant increases in incidence, with SIR of 162 (95% CI 109 to 232) and 252 (95% CI 126 to 452), respectively, though only melanoma had a significant increase in mortality, with SMR 508 (95% CI 105 to 1485). Lung cancer had a significant deficit of both cases and deaths, while colon cancer had sizeable (but not significant) reductions in incidence and mortality.ConclusionsThe increase in incidence of melanoma is consistent with that observed in aircraft pilots, suggesting this may be associated with ultraviolet radiation or lifestyle factors rather than any astronaut-specific exposure. Reductions in lung cancer incidence and mortality, and trends towards such reductions in colon cancer, may be explained in part by healthy lifestyle, as well as differential screening among astronauts.

scholarly journals Patterns and Trends with Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates Reported by the China National Cancer Registry

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (15) ◽  
pp. 6327-6332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng-Lai Chen ◽  
Ting Zhao ◽  
Rui Feng ◽  
Jing Chai ◽  
Gui-Xian Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Registry ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
National Cancer Registry ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

scholarly journals Colorectal Cancer in Lebanon: Incidence, Temporal Trends, and Comparison to Regional and Western Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 107327482199686
Author(s):  
Najla A. Lakkis ◽  
Ola El-Kibbi ◽  
Mona H. Osman
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
P Value ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Incidence ◽  
Males And Females

Global trends in the incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer show a steady increase with significant predilection to western developed countries, possibly linking it to westernized lifestyles among other risk factors. This study aims to investigate the incidence and trends of colorectal cancer in Lebanon, a country in the Middle East and North Africa region, and to compare these rates to those in regional and western countries. Colorectal cancer incidence data were extracted from the Lebanese National Cancer Registry for the currently available years 2005 to 2016. The calculated age-standardized incidence rates and age-specific rates were expressed as per 100,000 population. The age-standardized incidence rates of colorectal cancer in Lebanon increased from 16.3 and 13.0 per 100,000 in 2005 to 23.2 and 20.2 per 100,000 in 2016, among males and females, respectively. The incidences were higher for males, and they increased with age. The annual percent change was +4.36% and +4.45%, in males and females respectively (p-value < 0.05). There was a non-statistically significant trend of decrease in recent years (since 2012 in males and since 2011 in females). The age-standardized incidence rates in Lebanon were higher than those in the majority of the regional countries, but lower than the rates in developed western countries. There were high age-specific incidence rates at age groups 40-44 and 45-49 years in Lebanon in both males and females (with significant rising temporal trend) compared to other countries, including the ones reported to have the highest colorectal cancer age-standardized incidence rate worldwide. Therefore, the burden of colorectal cancer is significant in Lebanon. This raises the necessity to develop national strategies tailored to reduce colorectal cancer incidence through promoting healthy lifestyles, raising awareness, and early detection as of 40 years of age.

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