scholarly journals Orthodontic treatment in times of Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-209
Author(s):  
Hariclea Morosan ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Private Practice ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Dental Practices ◽  
Question Form ◽  
Removable Orthodontic Appliances

During the first two months of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic, Romania was in lockdown, and all dental practices were closed, so orthodontic patients had to postpone their check-ups for at least eight weeks. This led not only to a delayed end of treatment but also to accidents and complications. The present study tried to evaluate the orthodontic situation both from the patient’s and orthodontist’s point of view, so the patients were given a few questions to answer, and the orthodontist analyzed each treatment before and after the two-month lockdown and decided if it was mildly or severely affected by the absence of check-ups. The study group consisted of 105 patients evaluated by three orthodontists in the same private practice. Patients that have gotten worse after the lockdown or who had problems were included in the study. Also, all the patients were given a 7-question form in order to find out their opinion. After two months without check-ups, our orthodontists found that 9.52% got worse because of the lack of intermaxillary elastics, broken brackets, broken removable orthodontic appliances, and others. Most of the patients believe that their treatment was delayed by the Covid-19 pandemic, but none of the patients felt unsafe when visiting the clinic. The Covid-19 pandemic had severe effects on orthodontic treatments. Orthodontists noticed a delay for about one-third of their patients. However, from the patient’s point of view, half believe that their treatment was negatively affected by the Covid-19 pandemic in different degrees.

Proximal Caries Increment in Connection with Orthodontic Treatment with Removable Appliances

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krister Bjerklin ◽  
Birgitta Gärskog ◽  
Assar Rönnerman
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Proximal Caries ◽  
Carious Lesions ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Caries Increment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Caries Progression ◽  
Removable Appliances ◽  
Removable Orthodontic Appliances

The progression of proximal caries on canines, premolars and molars has been studied among 129 children treated with removable orthodontic appliances. The registration of carious lesions was performed on posterior bitewing radiographs taken before and after the orthodontic treatment. The children in this investigation showed a higher proximal caries progression than children treated with fixed orthodontic appliances where bands had been used. However, in comparison with caries data from epidemiological investigations in children of similar ages from the same area no difference was noted.

Use of the PAR Index in Assessing the Effectiveness of Removable Orthodontic Appliances

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. S. Kerr ◽  
I. B. Buchanan ◽  
J. H. McColl
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Tooth Position ◽  
Par Index ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ectopic Tooth ◽  
Removable Appliance ◽  
Removable Appliances ◽  
Removable Orthodontic Appliances

The dental study casts of 150 consecutively completed removable appliance cases were examined before and after orthodontic treatment using the PAR index. Eighty-nine per cent were classified either as ‘improved’ or ‘greatly improved’. Of the 16 cases classified as ‘worse, no different’, six were mixed dentition cases with limited treatment objectives (which were successfully achieved) and three were permanent dentition cases where only one tooth was being aligned. Using predefined criteria removable appliances were shown to be most effective in treating cross-bites, ectopic tooth position, anterior spacing, and overjet, and less effective in treating crowding, rotations, and molar relationships.

scholarly journals Effect of psychological characteristics and malocclusion severity on compliance of removable orthodontic appliances by 10-12-year-old orthodontic patients: A research article

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navid Naseri ◽  
Niloofar Bassagh ◽  
Tahereh Baherimoghadam ◽  
Zahra Hashemi ◽  
Elmira Bassagh
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Subscale Score ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Orthodontic Appliance ◽  
Compliance Level ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Removable Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
General Self Efficacy

Abstract Background : Treatment compliance plays fundamental roles in achieving the best results in orthodontic treatment. Some psychological characteristics such as general self-efficacy (GSE) are correlated with the level of tolerance of individuals. This study aimed to assess the correlation of psychological characteristics such as GSE and level of malocclusion with compliance of removable orthodontic appliances. Methods : The Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) of 50 patients between 10-12 years who required removable orthodontic appliances was determined prior to the onset of treatment. They were also requested to fill out the GSE scale (GSES). The removable orthodontic appliance compliance questionnaire was also filled out by patients at 1 (T1), 3 (T2), and 6 (T3) months after the delivery of the removable orthodontic appliance. Results : The GSES score had significant correlations with the total score of the compliance questionnaire, and subscale score of satisfaction with the appliance during eating and oral hygiene practice, duration of usage of the appliance, and interest in using it (P<0.05). The IOTN had no significant correlation with the compliance questionnaire. Conclusions: The level of compliance of removal orthodontic appliances by patients can be predicted using the GSES. The IOTN is not efficient for prediction of the compliance level of removal orthodontic appliances by patients.

scholarly journals The perception of COVID-19 among Italian dental patients: an orthodontic point of view

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Martina ◽  
Alessandra Amato ◽  
Paolo Faccioni ◽  
Alfredo Iandolo ◽  
Massimo Amato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Dental Practice ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Dental Patients ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Level Of Significance

Abstract Background The present study aimed to investigate the patients’ perception of the dental practice during the COVID-19 outbreak, and whether the pandemic will affect the attendance of orthodontic patients at the dental practice. An online questionnaire, including the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4), was submitted to Italian dental patients with items about their perceived risks when going to the dentist, concerns about continuing orthodontic treatment, and the onset of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Data were analyzed with a chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05. Results A total of 1566 subjects completed the survey, including 486 who were under orthodontic treatment or who had a child in orthodontic treatment. A total of 866 participants (55.3%) thought the risk of contracting the COVID-19 infection was higher in a dental practice; this perception was associated with gender (women more than man), age (over 60 years old) and high levels of distress (P<0.001). However, 894 patients (57.1%) felt comfortable going back to the dentist. Most of the orthodontic patients (84%) would continue their treatment. After the lockdown, there was a slight increase in the frequency of TMD pain (356 versus 334). Conclusions Most of the participants believed that the dental practice is a place at greater risk of contracting COVID-19, even if they continue to go to the dentist. Gender, age, and the level of distress were associated with the increase in the fear of going to the dentist due to COVID-19. Because of the pandemic, 16% of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment would not return to the dental practice to continue their orthodontic treatment after the lockdown. The prevalence of TMD pain in the population increased due to the pandemic.

scholarly journals Saliva Leptin Levels in Tooth Movement during Initial Stage of Orthodontic Alignment: A Pilot Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Noraini Abu Bakar ◽  
Wisam Kamil ◽  
Lina Al Bayati ◽  
Basma Ezzat Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Mechanical Stress ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Initial Alignment ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Before And After

Introduction: During orthodontic tooth movement, the early response of periodontal tissues to mechanical stress is an acute inflammatory reaction. Mechanical stress from orthodontic appliances is believed to induce cells in the periodontal ligament (PDL) to form biologically active substances, such as enzymes and cytokines, responsible for connective tissue remodeling (Nishijima Y et al 2006). Leptin, a polypeptide hormone has been classified as a cytokine (Zhang et al 1994). Earlier findings concluded that leptin at high local concentrations protects the host from inflammation and infection as well as maintaining bone levels. It has been also suggested that leptin plays a significant role in bone formation by its direct effect on osteoblasts (Alparslan et al 2010). This pilot study aimed to study leptin in saliva and its association with tooth movement during initial orthodontic alignment. Objectives: To determine if there are any differences in saliva leptin level before and after orthodontic alignment. Material and methods: Ten orthodontic patients (7 girls and 3 boys; mean age, 16.76 ± 1.1 years) with crowding (up to 5mm) that required orthodontic fixed appliances, on a non-extraction basis as part of the treatment plan, were recruited in this longitudinal study. Orthodontic study models were constructed at baseline and at 6- weeks after orthodontic treatment commenced. Full fixed orthodontic appliances with initial 0.014” Nickel Titanium archwire placed. The amount of crowding was measured, before and after initial alignment with an electronic digital caliper (Max-Cal, Japan Micrometer Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) with an accuracy of up to 0.01mm. Unstimulated morning saliva sample were collected at all visits, after at least an 8-hour period of fasting and no-toothbrushing. After centrifugation (4000x g;10min), the samples were stored at -25C and tested using Leptin Abnova LEP Human ELISA kit (KA3080) which was subsequently analyzed. Subjects’ periodontal health status was also monitored throughout the study. Ethical approval (ID IREC 262) was received on 7th April 2014 from International Islamic University Malaysia Research Ethics Committee (IREC). Results: Leptin concentration in saliva was significantly decreased in a time-dependant manner (t(9)=8.60, p<0.001), from before orthodontic treatment (7016.45± 425.15 pg/mL) and 6 weeks after bond-up (4901.92±  238.64 pg/mL). Conclusion: Leptin concentration in saliva is decreased during orthodontic tooth movement in initial alignment stage.

scholarly journals Effect of fixed orthodontic appliances on nonmicrobial salivary parameters

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 806-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis P. Zogakis ◽  
Erez Koren ◽  
Shlomit Gorelik ◽  
Isaac Ginsburg ◽  
Miriam Shalish
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Ph Decrease

ABSTRACT Objectives: To examine possible changes in the levels of salivary antioxidants, C-reactive protein (CRP), cortisol, pH, proteins, and blood in patients treated with fixed orthodontic appliances. Materials and Methods: Salivary samples from 21 orthodontic patients who met specific inclusion criteria were collected before the beginning of orthodontic treatment (T0; baseline), 1 hour after bonding (T1), and 4–6 weeks after bonding (T2). Oxidant-scavenging ability (OSA) was quantified using a luminol-dependent chemiluminescence assay. Cortisol and CRP levels were measured using immunoassay kits. pH levels and presence of proteins and blood in the samples were quantified using strip-based tests. Results: A significant decrease in salivary pH was observed after bonding (P = .013). An increase in oxidant-scavenging abilities during orthodontic treatment was detected, but the change was not statistically significant. Cortisol and CRP levels slightly increased after bonding, but the difference was small without statistical significance. Changes in the presence of proteins and blood were also insignificant. Conclusions: Exposure to fixed orthodontic appliances did not show a significant effect on salivary parameters related to inflammation or stress, with the exception of a significant but transient pH decrease after bonding.

scholarly journals Relationship between orthodontic treatment and gingival health: A retrospective study

2014 ◽  
Vol 08 (03) ◽  
pp. 373-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Boke ◽  
Cagri Gazioglu ◽  
Sevil Akkaya ◽  
Murat Akkaya
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Gingival Recession ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Lower Incisor ◽  
Gingival Health ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the relationship between orthodontic treatment and gingival health. Materials and Methods: A total of 251 patients among whom 177 were girls and 74 were boys, recruited from the records pool of the Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Gazi, were included in the study. Patients’ treatments have been completed by postgraduate students during the period between 2006 and 2012. Patients’ folders were analyzed according to their age, treatment time, and the type of orthodontic treatment. Intra-oral photographs were analyzed, and the presence or absence of visible plaque, visible inflammation, and gingival recession were recorded, and incisor inclinations analyzed on lateral cephalometric films, before and after orthodontic treatment. Results: No statistically significant difference was found in patients treated with functional appliances before and after treatment. In patients treated with fixed orthodontic appliances, visible plaque, visible inflammation, and gingival recession showed significant increases after treatment, gingival biotype did not show any significant difference. Positive correlation was found between lower incisor position and gingival recession in patients treated with fixed appliance and extraction. And also cuspids were the teeth with the highest prevalence of gingival recession. Conclusion: Considering the relationship between orthodontic treatment and gingival health, cooperation among patients, orthodontists, and periodontists is important.

Cellular Alteration of the Oral Mucosa due to Orthodontic Appliances and Tobacco Smoking: A Cytomorphometric Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-210
Author(s):  
Vinay Marla ◽  
Dharanidhar Baral ◽  
Prabhat Ranjan Pokharel ◽  
Ashish Shrestha ◽  
Rajesh Gyawali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Cell Diameter ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Nuclear Area ◽  
Mucosal Cells ◽  
Orthodontic Patients

Introduction: Fixed orthodontic treatment causes chronic low grade irritation on the oral mucosa. Tobacco smoking is considered to be a risk factor in the development of oral cancer. This study involves a cytomorphometric analysis on the buccal mucosal cells in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment who are tobacco smokers. Methods: Exfoliated buccal mucosal cells were obtained from orthodontic patients (smokers & non-smokers) as well as smokers and non-smokers who are not undergoing any orthodontic treatment. Smears were stained with rapid PAP stain and digital images of 50 cells were analysed using the Image J software. Results: Statistical analysis revealed that there were significant increase in the values of nuclear and cell diameter between non-smokers undergoing orthodontic treatment and smokers (p<0.001 & p=0.014 respectively), and between non-smokers undergoing orthodontic treatment and smokers undergoing orthodontic treatment (p<0.001 & p=0.015 respectively). Also, nuclear area and cell area showed significant differences between many of the study groups. Conclusion: It can be concluded that there are nuclear and cellular alterations in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment who are smokers

Orthodontic Treatment in the General Dental Service Assessed by the Occlusal Index

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 178-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Elderton ◽  
J. D. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Dental Service ◽  
Index Score ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean

As with all other aspects of health care, orthodontic treatment should be evaluated in as objective a manner as possible. In this study, the models of a sample of 256 patients treated by appliance therapy in the General Dental Service were examined. The Occlusal Index was first refined and variability in its use due to articulation and measurement errors was assessed. It was then used to quantify occlusal status both before and after treatment, and thereby monitor changes brought about by treatment. The mean Occlusal Index score at the beginning of treatment was 9·9. At the end of treatment, the mean score had dropped to 5·5. There was wide variation among individual cases, but some reduction was found in 88 per cent of instances. In 56 per cent of cases the reduction ranged up to 6 units, while in 29 per cent of cases the reduction was 6–12 units. However, in cases which started with a marked malocclusion, only about one-third showed a sizeable improvement. In about one-third of all cases there was little improvement in the malocclusion. While there is room for further refinement of the Occlusal Index to increase its usefulness in quantifying occlusal status brought about during orthodontic treatment, the present findings provide a basis for future comparisons.

scholarly journals Aesthetic Orthodontics : An Overview

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dolly Patel ◽  
Falguni Mehta ◽  
Nishit Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Treatment Phase ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The People ◽  
Aesthetic Results ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
The Media

Through the influence of the media and increasing awareness amongst the people aesthetic concerns regarding orthodontic treatment have risen up. The adult orthodontic patients put higher demands for aesthetic results not only after the treatment but also during the treatment phase. Not only adults but all orthodontic patients give importance to their appearance and forsocial or work reasons would probably refuse visible orthodontic treatment therapy. This article describes some of the effective solutions to these problems that will not impair the patient from an aesthetic point of view during the treatment phase

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