Comparative Study on Purification Characteristics of Various Submerged Macrophyte Species in Different Seasons

AbstractMacrophytes determine the physical complexity of aquatic environments and provide a suitable habitat for colonization by microcrustaceans. We evaluated the effects of a seasonal growth pattern and structure of macrophyte species on epiphytic microcrustaceans collected from macrophyte surfaces (stems and leaves) in shallow wetlands from May 2011 to October 2012. In 2011, epiphytic microcrustaceans that preferred free-floating macrophytes (Spirodela polyrhiza and Salvinia natans) and submerged macrophytes (Potamogeton crispus and Ceratophyllum demersum) were affected by the seasonal growth of these species. Epiphytic microcrustaceans were abundant on the surface of Spirodela polyrhiza in June and August and on Salvinia natans in September and October. In 2012, epiphytic microcrustaceans preferred submerged macrophyte species over the free-floating ones. The results of stable isotope analysis showed that epiphytic microcrustaceans depend on epiphytic particulate organic matter (EPOM) from each macrophyte species rather than on suspended particulate organic matter. Small species (Coronatella rectangula, Pleuroxus laevis, and Chydorus sphaericus) used EPOM (dominated by epiphytic algae) on free-floating and submerged macrophyte species; however, relatively larger species (Ilyocryptus spinifer and Macrothrix rosea) used EPOM only from submerged macrophytes. Based on these findings, we conclude that the distribution of epiphytic microcrustaceans is determined by seasonal characteristics, morphology of macrophyte species, and abundance of food resources.

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Comparative study of the estrogenic responses of mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to treated municipal sewage effluent (Lisbon) during two periods in different seasons

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.01.014 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 349 (1-3) ◽

pp. 129-139 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

M.S. Diniz ◽

I. Peres ◽

J.C. Pihan

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Municipal Sewage ◽

Sewage Effluent ◽

Mirror Carp ◽

Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Different Seasons ◽

Estrogenic Responses

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PHARMACOGNOSTICAL EVALUATION OF SHATAVARI (ASPARAGUS RACEMOSUS WILLD.) ROOT COLLECTED IN DIFFERENT SEASONS – A COMPARATIVE STUDY

November 2020 - International Ayurvedic Medical Journal ◽

10.46607/iamj0509092021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 1951-1957

Author(s):

Kinjal Unadkat ◽

Muthiah Daniel ◽

Dilip K. Jani

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Calcium Oxalate ◽

Traditional Medicine ◽

Asparagus Racemosus ◽

Traditional Medicines ◽

The World ◽

Different Seasons ◽

Current Scenario

Background: In the current scenario, plant-based traditional medicines are providing a base for treating various diseases. It has been reported that 80% of the population of the world depends upon traditional medicine. It has been also shown that many factors like habitat, climate, temperature, season etc can affect the quality of medicinal plants. The study was conducted to explore such Ayurvedic documented literature with pharmacognostical study. Aim: To study macroscopic and microscopic characters of the drug samples collected in four different seasons according to Ayurveda classics. Materials & Methods: In the present study, four samples of Asparagus race- mosus were collected in four different seasons- Grishma, Pravrut, Sharad and Shishira Ritu (May, June, October, and January) based on Ayurveda classics for comparing the pharmacognostic characters so that they can be dis- tinguished from each other. Results and Discussion: The influence of seasons on four different samples was observed in terms of the sizes of roots, xylem vessels, phloem, raphide bundles of calcium oxalate etc. Conclusion: The seasons on the roots of Shatavari exhibited an effect in macroscopical and microscopical characters. Thus, it can be said that the season for collection of the drug has an important role to validate the factors that influence the potency of the drug. Keywords: Ayurveda, Shatavari, Asparagus racemosus, Dravya Sangraha Kala, Pharmacognostical study

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COMPARATIVE STUDY OF COMPLETED SUICIDE BASED ON SEASON AND DISEASES IN BUSHEHR PROVINCE, (2006-2015)

International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH ◽

10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i4.2017.1822 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 285-291

Author(s):

Montazeri Mahmood ◽

Hiyam Hosseini ◽

Behroz Jokar

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Completed Suicide ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Different Seasons ◽

Minimum Number ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

The Comparative Study

Suicide, an act in which individuals sacrifice voluntarily themselves, is considered as a serious psychosocial problem. The main objective of the present study was to determine the comparative study of completed suicide based on season and diseases in Bushehr during 2006-2015. This consideration has been done as a retrospective cross-sectional study; the data were collected by the check list. After coordination to the medico legal 343 cases of completed suicide lead to death over a ten year period from 2006 to 2015 were extracted and the data were analyses by SPSS software. Completed suicides were most prevalent in spring 29.7% (102), whereas least prevalent in autumn 20.1% (69). There was no significantly in different seasons in year (P=0.065). But, was a statistically significant difference observed in the different gender and different seasons of the year (P=0.001). The maximum number of completed suicides 10.2% (35) was observed in April, while the minimum number 6.1% (21) was reported in September and October, too. The value Chi square test was statistically significant differences diseases and different seasons (P=0. 001). The psychological disease was observed most in spring and winter seasons. Also was a significant relationship between season of the year and the method of suicide (P=0.001). The number of completed suicides was higher in moderate and cold seasons.

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