scholarly journals MENEPIS PRASANGKA DAN DISKRIMINASI DALAM PERILAKU BERAGAMA UNTUK MASA DEPAN MULTIKULTURALISME DI INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 210-222
Author(s):  
Triana Rosalina Noor
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Religious Diversity ◽  
Cultural Background ◽  
Harmonious Society ◽  
Psychological Perspective ◽  
Social Conflicts ◽  
Discriminatory Behavior ◽  
Prejudice And Discrimination

Indonesia is a multicultural nation that has a variety of ethnic, racial, cultural, linguistic, and religious diversity. This diversity makes its challenges in creating a harmonious society. This is because it can bring some people trapped prejudice and discrimination, especially in religion. The prejudice that leads to discrimination and acts of violence will make social conflicts more acute in the multidimensional crises that occur in Indonesia.This article aims to describe prejudice and discrimination behavior from an individual psychological perspective, sociological, and cultural background. Besides that, it was also explained the idea of how to prevent and overcome prejudice and discrimination in religious beliefs that occurred. Efforts to prevent prejudice and discriminatory behavior in religion can be done by increasing the value of the group that is prejudiced, opening communication, conditioning the environment to internalize social norms. The hope is that all citizens can live side by side and respect each other in a peaceful and peaceful atmosphere.

How to reason about religious beliefs

DIALOGO ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-193
Author(s):  
Daniele Bertini
Keyword(s):  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Religious Diversity ◽  
Empirical Modeling ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Epistemic View

Intractable disagreements are commonly analyzed in terms of the semantic opposition of (at least) couples of disputed beliefs (purely epistemic view, from here on PEV). While such a view seems to be a very natural starting point, my intuitions are that such an approach is misleadingly unrealistic, and that an empirical modeling towards how individuals hold beliefs in intractable opposition constitutes a strong defeater for PEV. My work addresses disagreements within the religious domain. Accordingly, I will be concerned with developing my empirical understanding of religious beliefs, and will show the consequences of such proposal on how to answer the problem of religious diversity.

From Grandmother to Grandson—Judeo-Spanish Anecdotes in Israel Today: Emigration, Cultural Accommodation and Language Preservation

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Pinto-Abecasis
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Israeli Society ◽  
Social Conflicts ◽  
Language Preservation ◽  
Marginal Group ◽  
Cultural Accommodation

I examine processes of cultural accommodation and maintenance of the Sephardic tradition as reflected in anecdotes of the generation who immigrated to Israel. The anecdotes reflect traditions and beliefs of Ladino speakers; I study their folkloric and linguistic aspects, while exposing the elements that create humor and reflect dominant social norms. The anecdotes present the obvious and the concealed tensions in Israeli society, yet they have a universal dimension: social conflicts in contacts between cultures, between ethnic groups, between the generation of the parents and that of the children and grandchildren, between next-door neighbors and between diasporas which converge in one social habitat. The article examines elements of performance, including the place of the storyteller in the storytelling situation and the techniques that generate laughter and identification with a marginal group: the group of Ladino speakers in Israel, as they clash with the hegemonic power in the Israeli society.

scholarly journals براہوئی خلقی شاعری، خلقی زند نا آدینک

Al-Burz ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-35
Author(s):  
Yousaf Mengal
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Folk Literature ◽  
Common Man ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Folk Poetry

In order to be aware of the social life of a community the study of their folk literature is necessary. folk literature not only gives awareness regarding culture, social norms, values and tradition of a particular community, bat also the reader comes to know about their religious beliefs and day –to day life, the folk literature of a particular community not only tells what sources they bring in use in order to lead their life but also depicts their way of earning their daily –bread Brahui people have depicted their way of earning their daily –bread. Brahui people have depicted their emotions and feelings in the form of folk poetry. This is why the folk literature is also said to be the voice of heart the people. The language of Brahui folk literature is very simple, easily understandable for a common man and it is based on realism, thus folk poetry reflects the folk of Brahui people.

Prejudice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Dovidio ◽  
Fabian M. H. Schellhaas ◽  
Adam R. Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Differential Treatment ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Discriminatory Behavior ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Automatic Associations ◽  
Functional Nature ◽  
Explicit Prejudice ◽  
Group Identities ◽  
Patterns Of Behavior

Prejudice is an attitude toward a social group and its members that can be expressed as either a negative or positive (e.g., paternalistic) evaluation and creates or maintains hierarchical status relations between groups. The origins of prejudice include individual differences in personality and ideological preferences, socialization experiences relating to exposure to different social norms, and the functional ways that groups relate to one another. Prejudice can be measured directly through self-report measures or indirectly through patterns of behavior or with techniques such as response latency methods. Moreover, implicit prejudice, which is automatically activated, can be distinguished from explicit prejudice, an attitude people know that they hold and may be able to control. Both types of prejudice predict discrimination—the differential treatment of a group or its members—but the strength of these relationships varies as a function of a variety of contextual factors (e.g., social norms). Because of the wide range of forces that shape prejudice and the functional nature of bias, prejudice can be difficult to change. Among the more robust ways to reduce prejudice are strategies that promote frequent, positive contact with members of another group; encourage people to categorize others in ways that emphasize shared group identities; or alter automatic associations underlying implicit bias. The study of prejudice continues to be an important and actively researched topic in social psychology, with contemporary approaches increasingly considering a broader range of micro- (e.g., genetics) and macro-level (e.g., culture) forces that shape the nature of prejudice and its influence on discriminatory behavior.

Testimony amidst Diversity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Baker-Hytch
Keyword(s):  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Religious Diversity ◽  
Second Order ◽  
First Order

This chapter takes up the question of what (if anything) might be wrong with religious beliefs that are held primarily on the basis of testimony, in light of the facts of religious diversity. The chapter first considers whether religious diversity entails that a religious believer’s testimony-based beliefs are not formed in a suitably epistemically reliable manner even conditional upon the truth of her religion. After casting doubt on this thought the chapter turns to look at the idea that testimony-based beliefs are subject to defeaters in light of awareness of religious diversity, and suggests that many such beliefs are not obviously so. According to the author’s diagnosis the problem, rather, is that believers who base their religious beliefs just on testimony will be very unlikely to have reflective (that is, second-order) knowledge even if they possess first-order knowledge, and the author explains why this is a notable shortcoming.

The Twenty-First-Century Postsecular University

2021 ◽  
pp. 351-364
Author(s):  
George M. Marsden
Keyword(s):  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Religious Diversity ◽  
First Century ◽  
University Education ◽  
Moral Leadership ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
University Life ◽  
Jonathan Haidt ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Campus Ministries

Many observers agree that twenty-first-century universities have lost their way with respect to the task of providing moral leadership for their students and for the nation. This chapter surveys leading commentators, including Harry Lewis, Anthony Kronman, Andrew Delanco, William Egginton, Jonathan Haidt, and Greg Lukiankoff, on these themes, especially in the decline of the humanities. Many blame the business and economic interests and related careerism that shape most of university education. Still, as John Schmalzbauer and Kathleen A. Mahoney show, religious interests can still be found in many aspects of university life, including study of religion, campus ministries, and personal religious beliefs of many professors and students. Nonetheless, emphases on diversity do not always include religious diversity.

Religious Education in the Public Schools

1998 ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia J. Bartkowiak
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Religious Diversity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Parental Rights ◽  
Liberal State ◽  
The Public

Recently, several authors have cited traditional liberal principles to argue that religious education must be offered in public schools in the United States of America. These authors claim that exposure to a variety of religious beliefs and traditions is a necessary means to attaining the two goals of providing children with "open futures" and encouraging tolerance of religious diversity. This paper contends that these arguments are seriously flawed, and provides reasons which demonstrate that, in practice, these two goals cannot be accomplished by religion courses in the public schools. Additionally, mandatory religion courses in the public schools appear to be unconstitutional and infringe on parental rights and freedom of religion. Consequently, the goals of a liberal state are best achieved by not offering religious education in the public schools.

On blanket statements about the epistemic effects of religious diversity

2005 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREW KOEHL
Keyword(s):  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Religious Diversity ◽  
Coherent Systems

Religious diversity poses a challenge to the view that exclusive religious beliefs can be justified and warranted. Equally upright and thoughtful people who appear to possess similarly well-grounded and coherent systems of belief, come up with irreconcilable religious views. The content of religious beliefs also seems unduly dependent upon culture, and no one religion has been shown to be more transformative than the others. Philosophers have recently made at least three kinds of claims about the effects of diversity on exclusive religious beliefs, and five kinds of claims about the proper effect of diversity on exclusivists themselves. Since there are numerous factors that can influence the epistemic impact of religious diversity on exclusive beliefs, each kind of blanket pronouncement made about the epistemic effects of religious diversity is inadequate.

scholarly journals Menumbuhkan nilai-nilai toleransi Dalam bingkai keragaman beragama

KALAM ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Ahmad Izzan
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Religious Freedom ◽  
Religious Diversity ◽  
Natural Process ◽  
Religious Community ◽  
Religious Tolerance ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Empirical Reality ◽  
The Will

The attitude of religious tolerance is an attitude that should be embedded in everyday life and is an empirical reality that must be created on the authority of human beings who have a different religion. Differences in religion is born of a natural process by the will of God. For that plurality is sunnatullah unavoidable. The purpose of this paper is to determine the depth of the concept of religious tolerance that is contained in the Qur'an. As for the verses studied is about pluralism relating to religious tolerance, respect for diversity Syari'ah every religious community, religious freedom, prohibition of intervention in the affairs of other religious beliefs, and cooperation among religions. In doing research on inter-religious tolerance can conclude several things, first to foster the values of tolerance within the framework of religious diversity in fostering religion in general is substantive adhesive used for the harmony of inter-religious relations. Second, in the realm of interpretation differences and diverse religions generate a view that shari'ah of the Prophet Muhammad. is a compilation of the Shari'ah-shari'ah of the Prophet before. Hence the presence of the Shari'ah Prophet Muhammad not deny them, but to collect it into a single solid in one religion (Deen al-Wahid).

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