scholarly journals SOWING METHOD AND HERBICIDE APPLICATION ON SOYBEAN

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.N. Cherezov ◽  
◽  
E.G. Ustarkhanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Short Review ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Western Ciscaucasia

We presented a short review of literary sources concerning researches on sowing methods and soybean crops protection of weeds. A problem of perfection of some methods of soybean cultivation technology has still been actual. So, it is reasonable to study improved schemes of soybean protection of weeds, weeds impact on growing, development and productivity of the crop at the different sowing methods on leached black soil in the Western Ciscaucasia.

scholarly journals Impact of foliar fertilizing on the white mustard productivity in the northeastern Forest-Steppe of Ukaraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
A.V. Melnyk ◽  
S.V. Zherdetska ◽  
Shahid Ali ◽  
Gulam Shabir ◽  
S.O. Butenko
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
White Mustard ◽  
Production Complex ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Training Research

The experimental studies were carried out on the fields of the Sumy NAU Training Research and Production Complex (TRPC) during 2016–2018.The soil of the experimental plot is typical deep-medium humus, large-dusty and medium-loam black soil on forest trees. The subject of the research was a white mustard variety of Oslava created at the Institute of Feed and Agriculture of the Podillya NAASU, entered in the Register of varieties suitable for cultivation in Ukraine in 2010. The aim of the research is to optimize the nutrition of the white mustard variety of Oslava through the complex application of mineral fertilizers and foliar fertilization under the conditions of the northeastern forest-steppe of Ukraine. The analysis of weather conditions, in particular the hydrothermal coefficient of Selyaninov (HTC), established that 2016 season was wet (HTC = 1.60), 2017 and 2018 were dry (HTC = 0.59 and 0.46). During the research, the cultivation technology was generally accepted in the experimental area, except for the elements studied. The results of the three-year study on the influence of foliar fertilizing under different mineral nutrition backgrounds on the yield of the white mustard variety Oslava are presented. It was found that the application of mineral fertilizers and complex fertilizers for the foliar feeding had a positive effect on the morphometric parameters of the white mustard, in particular, increased the plant height and the number of branches of the first order. The use of mineral fertilizers at the rate of N30P30K30 provided an increase in the yield by 0.34 t/ha, N60P60K60 – by 0.55 t/ha, N90P90K90 – by 0.61 t/ha on an average compared to the control. Therefore, for the maximum yield (2.14–2.21 t/ha) with a mass of 1000 seeds (5.39–5.54 g) of the white mustard under the conditions of the Northeastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, foliar fertilizing of Vuxal boron (3.0 l/ha) + Vuxal bioaminoplant 3.0 l/ha) and Spectrum B + Mo (2.0 l/ha) + Spectrum Ascorist (3.0 l/ha) should be applied on the background of N60-90P60-90K60-90, what provided an increase in the yield compared to the control of 0.58-0.65 t/ha.

scholarly journals FUNCTIONING OF NITROGEN FIXATION SYMBIOSIS AND PEAS PRODUCTIVITY UNDER THE APPLICATION OF DIFFERENT TYPES AND DOSES OF FERTILIZERS

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
L. V. Tsentylo
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Organic Mineral ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Sowing Seed

The efficiency of different types and doses of fertilizers and pre-sowing bacterization of pea seeds (Starter variety) on the formation and functioning of symbiotic nitrogen fixation system, crop productivity and protein content in grain was studied in long-term field experiment on the typical black soil for five years. It was shown that fertilizer doses not exceeding N60P60K60 were the most appropriate to use in the cultivation technology of pea. The use of manure, compost and organic-mineral fertilizer in crop rotation had positively affected the productivity of peas. Pre-sowing seed bacterization was proved to be an important agricultural practice as its application increases crop productivity and improves product quality.

scholarly journals Comparative assessment of tank mixtures of the modern herbicides in cultivation of oil flax on leached black soil of the Western Ciscaucasia

2021 ◽  
Vol 186 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
А.S. Bushnev ◽  
◽  
S.P. Podlesny ◽  
G.I. Orekhov ◽  
Yu.V. Mamyrko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Federal District ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
3.0 T ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Western Ciscaucasia

Potential yield of the modern oil flax varieties is up to 2.5–3.0 t/ha, but in fact, in 2020, its average yield was equal to 0.81 t/ha in the Russian Federation and 0.86 t/ha тin the Southern federal district. One of the reasons of such low productivity of the crop is non-effective protection of sowings against weeds. We studied impact of tank mixtures of herbicides Tifi, WDG (0.025 kg/ha) + Miura, CE (1.2 l/hа); Magnum, WDG (0.01 kg/hа) + Miura, CE (1.2 l/hа); Sekator Turbo, OD (0.1 l/hа) + Miura, CE (1.2 l/hа) and Sekator Turbo, OD (0.1 l/hа) + Quickstep, OCE (0.8 l/hа) on oil flax productivity (the variety FLIZ bred at the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops). The researches were conducted in a zone of unstable moistening on leach black soil of the Western Ciscaucasia in 2017–2020. Recommended doses of tank mixtures of the herbicides were applied in a phase of 5-6 pairs of leaves development of oil flax plants. In spite of the good water availability in years of the research, high air temperatures during flowering – seeds formation negatively influenced the crop productivity. Due to our results, on average for four years, treatment of oil flax plants with a tank mixture of the herbicides Sekator Turbo, OD (0.1 l/hа) + Quickstep, OCE (0.8 l/hа) allowed obtaining the highest yield – 1.17 t/hа, oil content in seeds – 45.5% and oil yield – 0.47 t/hа; there was fixed the high clear profit – 13,861 RUR/hа at profitability of 51%.

scholarly journals The role of highly silicious rocks in increasing productivity and obtaining ecologically-safe agricultural products

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00137
Author(s):  
Alevtina Kulikova ◽  
Andrei Kozlov ◽  
Nikolai Zakharov ◽  
Evgeny Yashin ◽  
Natalya Khairtdinova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Siliceous Rocks ◽  
Ulyanovsk Region ◽  
Cultivation Technology

The paper presents results of long-term research on effectiveness of application of highly-siliceous rocks (diatomite and zeolite) in crop cultivation technology in the conditions of leached black soil of the Middle Volga region. Crop yields and content of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni) in products are given in two variants: control and variant with introduction of the highly-siliceous rocks into the soil. It has been established that diatomite from Inza deposit and zeolite from Yushanskiy deposit of Ulyanovsk region are highly effective non-traditional fertilizers due to a complex positive effect on the "soil-plant" system. Thus, the yield increase of sugar beet roots amounted to 6.4 t/ha (+23 %) when diatomite was introduced into the soil at the dose of 5 t/ha, barley – 0.93 t/ha (+52 %), spring wheat – 0, 67 t/ha (+42 %). Highly-siliceous rocks with a highly developed specific surface area, possessing unique physicochemical properties, contribute to production of ecologically safe products. At the same time, the intake of heavy metals in agricultural products for some crops and metals decreased by more than 2 times.

scholarly journals PRODUCTIVITY OF WINTER WHEAT IN CROP ROTATION LINKS ON LEACHED BLACK SOIL

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
С.В. Богомазов ◽  
А.В. Лянденбурская ◽  
А.А. Левин ◽  
О.А. Ткачук ◽  
Е.В. Ефремова
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Middle Volga

Целью исследований являлось совершенствование элементов технологии возделывания озимой пшеницы в лесостепи Среднего Поволжья, позволяющих оптимизировать условия роста и развития. Исследованиями установлено, что вид пара не оказывал существенного влияния на плотность почвы. После сидерального пара запасы продуктивной влаги метрового слоя перед посевом снижались, в среднем, на 6,4 мм. Размещение озимой пшеницы после сидерального пара приводило к несущественному уменьшению площади листьев на 0,14 тыс. м2/га, по сравнению с черным паром. Наибольший вклад в формирование продуктивности озимой пшеницы оказало удобрение Гумостим, которое способствовало увеличению площади листовой поверхности на 5,1 тыс. м2/га, урожайности на 0,46 т/га по отношению к контролю. The aim of the research was to improve the elements of winter wheat cultivation technology in the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region, which allow to optimize the conditions for growth and development. The studies found that the type of fallow did not significantly affect the density of the soil. After green-manured fallow, the reserves of productive moisture in the meter layer decreased before sowing, on average, by 6.4 mm. Winter wheat placing after green manure fallow led to an insignificant decrease in leaf area by 0.14 thousand m2/ha, compared to black fallow. The greatest contribution to the formation of the productivity of winter wheat was made by the fertilizer Gumostim, which contributed to an increase in the leaf area by 5.1 thousand m2/ha, in yield - by 0.46 t/ha in relation to the control.

scholarly journals Permanent Grassland Restoration Techniques – An Overview

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiesław Golka ◽  
Grzegorz Żurek ◽  
Jan Radosław Kamiński
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Grassland Restoration ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Permanent Grassland ◽  
Wide Strip ◽  
Restoration Techniques

Abstract Short review of grassland restoration techniques has been made with emphasis on the application of newly developed wide-strip overseeding aggregate. Machines currently available on the market are not suitable for all types of soil and grassland conditions. Vredo seeder is useless on muck soils, while Moore aggregate requires herbicide application. Therefore it is not to be applied in organic farming. Construction designated in ITP Kłudzienko (wide-strip overseeder) is a very economical and effective, possible to be used also on muck soils and without assistance of any chemicals. Operation of the machine consists of ‘milling’ of wide (about 10 cm) strips of sod and overseeding of mineral fertilizers and seeds of grasses, legumes and herbs. Cultivator for soil ‘milling’ strips is driven by the tractor PTO. By changing the spacing of strips, an oversown area can be resized from 20% to 40%. The effect of overseeding, evaluated next year exposed the increase of hay yield from 0.8 to 1.2 t · ha-1 of dry matter in the first cut. Such innovative construction is particularly important in dairy farms which are in the need of the best quality feed.

scholarly journals Confectionary sunflower: origin, history, structure, breeding directions and features of cultivation technology (review)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (183) ◽  
pp. 129-146
Author(s):  
A.D. Bochkovoy ◽  
◽  
V.I. Khatnyansky ◽  
V.А. Kamardin ◽  
D.А. Nazarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Bee Pollination ◽  
Current State ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Development Prospects ◽  
Technology Review

Analyzing Russian and foreign scientific literary sources we presented data on origin, history, current state and development prospects of the confectionary sunflower. We stated main features of confectionary sunflower compared to oil form. There is described perspective initial germplasm of confectionary sunflower from the VIR collection and collections of the other scientific institutions. We consider different direction of products use, requirements to qualitative and organoleptic traits. We stated an important role of bee-pollination in formation of high seed yields. We think it is reasonable to repurpose step by step breeding works to primary development and introduction of confectionary interline hybrids. The further perfection of scientific and research works with confectionary sunflower according to climatic changes is discussed.

Pollutant Identification by Selected Area Electron Diffraction

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 532-533
Author(s):  
R. E. Ferrell ◽  
G. G. Paulson ◽  
C. W. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Multiple Component

Selected area electron diffraction (SAD) has been used successfully to determine crystal structures, identify traces of minerals in rocks, and characterize the phases formed during thermal treatment of micron-sized particles. There is an increased interest in the method because it has the potential capability of identifying micron-sized pollutants in air and water samples. This paper is a short review of the theory behind SAD and a discussion of the sample preparation employed for the analysis of multiple component environmental samples.

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