Quantification of the Effects of Alternating and Simultaneous Red and Blue Irradiations on Plant Morphology and Shoot Fresh Weight in Leaf Lettuce‘Greenwave’

Twenty-two sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas(L.) Lam.] clones with a wide range in metribuzin [4-amino-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-(methylthio)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one] tolerance were used to establish narrow sense heritability estimates (h2) using a greenhouse procedure. The heritability estimates were obtained from simple linear regressions (h2= 2b) of injury rating, shoot fresh weight, and change in shoot fresh weight of offspring against the same responses of parents at metribuzin concentrations of 0, 0.3, and 0.6 ppm in the potting medium and averaged data for the two concentrations. These values ranged from 0.85 to 1.0, indicating that a recurrent mass selection process should be an appropriate approach to developing metribuzin-tolerant cultivars. Several highly tolerant clones were identified.

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Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) cultivar response to boron deficiency

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps92-111 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 72 (3) ◽

pp. 883-888 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

B. J. Shelp ◽

R. Penner ◽

Z. Zhu

Keyword(s):

Brassica Oleracea ◽

Nutrient Solution ◽

Nutrient Deficiency ◽

Boron Deficiency ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

High Susceptibility ◽

Inflorescence Development ◽

Shoot Fresh Weight ◽

Young Leaves ◽

Percent Decline

Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) cultivar, Commander, characterized by low susceptibility to the hollow stem disorder commonly associated with boron (B) deficiency was compared to one with high susceptibility (cv. Stolto) and to two which are grown commercially (cvs. Baccus and Premium Crop). Beginning 3 wk after germination plants grown in a glasshouse in vermiculite were supplied continuously with a nutrient solution containing adequate B (0.5 mg L−1) or none (deficient), or were supplied initially with 0.5 mg B L−1 up to the initiation of inflorescence development after which no B was supplied. All cultivars showed visible symptoms of B deficiency (leaf midrib cracking, stem corkiness, necrotic lesions and hollowing in the stem pith) and reductions in shoot fresh weight with the zero B treatment, but Commander was least affected. Also, the B concentrations of the florets from Commander were highest and showed the lowest percent decline relative to the 0.5 mg B L−1 treatment. When B was removed from the nutrient solution at initiation of inflorescence development, the B concentrations of the florets and young leaves of all cultivars were higher than in the zero B treatment. Compared to the 0.5 mg B L−1 treatment, the B concentrations of old leaves from all cultivars were reduced, but only in Premium Crop was the floret B significantly decreased.Key words: Boron nutrition, Brassica, broccoli, nutrient deficiency, retranslocation

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Environment influences sugarbeet tolerance to S-metolachlor

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/wet.2020.19 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 597-606

Author(s):

Andrew B. Lueck ◽

Thomas J. Peters ◽

Alexa L. Lystad

Keyword(s):

Air Temperature ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Field Capacity ◽

Growth Chamber ◽

Silty Clay ◽

Soil Series ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Row Crops ◽

Shoot Fresh Weight

AbstractHerbicides used in sugarbeet are commonly adapted from other row crops and may cause injury and yield loss often associated with environmental and edaphic factors. Glyphosate-resistant waterhemp in sugarbeet requires a PRE herbicide, such as S-metolachlor, for its control. The objectives of this research were to evaluate sugarbeet tolerance to PRE S-metolachlor, including air temperature and soil water content interactions with soil series in field and growth chamber experiments. Results from field experiments conducted in 12 environments in 2015, 2016, and 2017 indicated 2.16 or 4.32 kg ai ha−1S-metolachlor applied PRE reduced sugarbeet density and stature but did not reduce root yield, sucrose content, or recoverable sucrose compared with the untreated control in environments with soils with less than 3.5% organic matter (OM) and receiving greater than 40-mm cumulative rainfall within 14 d after planting. In the growth chamber, sugarbeet density and shoot fresh weight following S-metolachlor application was influenced by soil moisture content, air temperature, and soil series but not by S-metolachlor rate. Sugarbeet density and shoot fresh weight were reduced 15% and 106%, respectively, when S-metolachlor was applied to a Glyndon sandy loam (2.6% OM, 9.5% clay) at 100% field capacity (FC) and 14 C compared with S-metolachlor application to a Fargo silty clay (7.7% OM and 54% clay) at 100% FC and 21 C. It is concluded that field selection, rather than herbicide rate, is an important criterion for managing sugarbeet tolerance with S-metolachlor.

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Selection of Fertilizer and Cultivar of Sweet Pepper and Eggplant for Hydroponic Production

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy9080433 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 433

Author(s):

Hardeep Singh ◽

Bruce L. Dunn ◽

Mark Payton ◽

Lynn Brandenberger

Keyword(s):

Solanum Melongena ◽

Shape Index ◽

Sweet Pepper ◽

Fruit Production ◽

Fruit Shape ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Hydroponic System ◽

Shoot Fresh Weight ◽

Hydroponic Cultivation ◽

Shoot Weight

Dutch bucket hydroponic trials were conducted with the aim to evaluate the effects of different hydroponic fertilizers (5N-4.8P-21.6K, 5N-5.2P-21.6K, and 7N-3.9P-4.1K) on growth, fruit production, and the fruit quality (fruit shape index) parameters of two cultivars of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) and on two cultivars of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). For sweet pepper yield, the 5N-4.8P-21.6K fertilizer was responsible for the greatest yield for both cultivars. For sweet pepper fresh and dry shoot weight interaction, the ‘Orangella’ cultivar had greater growth in 5N-4.8P-21.6K and 5N-5.2P-21.6K fertilizers, whereas there was no difference among cultivars in 7N-3.9P-4.1K. Shape index was not affected by fertilizers or cultivars. For the eggplant yield, there was no main effect nor interaction between fertilizers and cultivars for fruit yield, while the interaction between fertilizers and cultivars was significant for shoot fresh weight production. Shoot fresh weight was greater for ‘Angela’ than ‘Jaylo’ in 5N-4.8P-21.6K and 7N-3.9P-4.1K. Furthermore, both eggplant cultivars were affected with yellowing of fruits in all fertilizer treatments after 2 months, which was probably due to the accumulation of nutrients in the closed hydroponic system. Therefore, hydroponic producers could select 5N-4.8P-21.6K and 5N-5.2P-21.6K fertilizers for the cultivation of the ‘Orangella’ cultivar of sweet pepper based on yield. It is important to evaluate more fertilizers and cultivars for eggplant hydroponic cultivation.

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Growth of Euphorbia pulcherrima and Pelargonium ×hortorum in Shredded Rubber-containing Substrates

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.4.657e ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 657e-657

Author(s):

Michael R. Evans ◽

Andrew A. Waber

Keyword(s):

Euphorbia Pulcherrima ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Axillary Shoots ◽

Shoot Fresh Weight ◽

Sphagnum Peat ◽

Axillary Branches ◽

Weight Number

Euphorbia pulcherrima `Freedom' (poinsettia) and Pelargonium ×hortorum `Pink Elite' (geranium) were grown in 75:25:0, 50:50:0, 27:75:0, 75:0:25 50:0:50, 25:0:75 (v/v sphagnum peat: 0.25-grade rubber: 0.10-grade rubber) substrates or in a 50 sphagnum peat: 30 perlite: 20 loam (v/v) standard greenhouse substrate. Geranium root and shoot fresh weights, height, and number of axillary shoots were reduced when grown in rubber-containing substrates compared to plants grown in the standard control. As the proportion of either grade of rubber increased, root and shoot fresh weights, height, and number of axillary shoots decreased. Flowering in geranium was delayed and the number of inflorescences reduced as the proportion of the 0.10-grade rubber increased. Plants grown in the 0.25-grade rubber failed to flower by the termination of the experiment. Poinsettia plants grown in rubber-containing substrates had reduced shoot fresh weight, height, number of bracts, and bract area compared to plants grown in the standard control. As the proportion of either grade of rubber increased, height, shoot fresh weight, number of bracts, and bract area decreased. Number of axillary branches was reduced in substrates containing 50% and 75% of the 0.10-grade rubber. Days to anthesis was unaffected by substrate.

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Effect of Storage Temperature on Survival and Regrowth of Vegetatively Propagated Plug-grown Seedlings

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.4.596f ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 596f-596

Author(s):

Shi-Ying Wang ◽

William H. Carlson ◽

Royal D. Heins

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Storage Temperature ◽

Chilling Injury ◽

Natural Light ◽

Annual Species ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Shoot Fresh Weight

The effect of 6 weeks of storage at 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, or 12.5°C in a glass greenhouse was determined on 11 vegetatively propagated annual species. Fresh weight (total, shoot, and root) and height of 30 plants per species in each storage temperature were measured at the end of storage. Another 30 plants were transplanted into 15-cm pots (three plants per pot) and grown under natural light in a 20°C glass greenhouse for 3 weeks. Three species showed chilling injury or died during storage at ≤7.5°C. Plant height and shoot fresh weight at the end of storage for most species increased linearly as storage temperature increased. Storage temperature did not affect the net increase in height or weight significantly during recovery growth, except for plants that exhibited chilling injury at the end of storage.

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Utilization of manure and green organic composts as alternative fertilizers for cauliflower production

10.31227/osf.io/wunyt ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Marulak Simarmata ◽

Laili Susanti ◽

Nanik Setyowati

Keyword(s):

Cultural Practices ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Cow Manure ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Shoot Fresh Weight ◽

Wedelia Trilobata

Cauliflower (Brassica oleraceavar. botrytis) is a vegetablecrop which isgrown over the world. Cultural practices of vegetables production are always dealing with fertilization technologies either using mineral fertilizers, organic fertilizers, or a combination of mineral and organic fertilizers. This study was aimed to determine the effect of reduced the dose of mineral fertilizers and substituted by organic fertilizers from compost ofcow manure and compost of trailing-daisy weeds (Wedelia trilobata).A single factorevaluated was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) as follows: treatment of a mineral fertilizer with nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium applied at10, 20 and 30 days after planting at arecommended dose (T1), compost of trailing-daisy weedsat 20 ton ha-1 (T2), compost of cow manure at 20 ton ha-1(T3), 50% of T1 + compost of trailing-daisy weeds at 20 ton ha-1 (T4), 50% of T1 + compost of trailing-daisy weedsat 10 ton ha-1(T5), 50% of T1 + compost of cow manure at20 ton ha-1 (T6), 50% of T1+ compost of cow manure of 10 ton ha-1 (T7), and without fertilizer as a control (T0). Each treatment was repeated five times so that overall there were 40 plantsin40 polybags. The results showed that thefertilizer combinationswere significantly affectedplant height, shoot fresh weight, dry weight of total plant biomass,and curd yield of cauliflower. The highest plant height and shoot fresh weight were observed in the treatment of 50% of mineral fertilizers combined with compost of trailing-daisy weeds at 10 ton ha-1 (T5), the highest of total dry weight of plants were observed in the treatment of cow manure compost (T3), and the highest curd yield of cauliflowerswas observed inthe treatment of 50% of mineral fertilizers combined with cow manure compostat 20 ton ha-1(T6). In conclusion, organic fertilizers from compost of trailing-daisy weeds (Wedelia trilobata) and from cowmanure can be used as an alternative fertilizer to substitutemineral fertilizers on the cauliflower production.

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Preparation Protein Hydrolysates from Fish by-product and Study Effected on Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Growth, Yield, Quality and Enhanced Salt Tolerance

Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.37077/25200860.2019.272 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 246-255

Author(s):

Haider M.H. Al-Malieky ◽

Awatif N. Jerry

Keyword(s):

Lactuca Sativa ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Block Design ◽

Total Yield ◽

Winter Season ◽

Protein Hydrolysates ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Shoot Fresh Weight ◽

Lactuca Sativa L

The experiment was carried out during the winter season 2019-2018 in Al-Hartha district, Basrah Governorate to study the effects of fish by-product prepared by Alcalase and Flavourzyme enzyme as a foliar application on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) yield and quality grown under salinity conditions. Fish by-product protein hydrolysate was spray-applied (3 and 6ml. L-1) additional to control treatment (spraying with water) referred to (T0-T4) at four (S4), six(S6) times after 20 days transplanting at10-day intervals. Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D.) was used as factorial experiment. Treatment means were compared by using Least Significant Differences (L.S.D.) at a probability of 0.05. The results showed that spraying with protein hydrolysates had a significant effect on most studied characters compared to control treatment. Results showed that foliar application with (T2) significantly increased the total leaves number, leaves area, carbohydrate ,proline, shoot fresh weight of plant, dry matter, total soluble solids (TSS %) and total yield additional to significantly decreased in nitrate contents, while foliar application with (T4) significantly increased in the plant height and stem height. The results showed that spraying six times (S6) were significant increases in these growth characters comparing with four sprays (S4). The interaction between treatments and spraying number show significantly increased in some characters, the (T2 S6) had the highest value shoot fresh weight 762.5g and total yield 17.899 tone.donum-1.

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Effect of Chelator EDTA on Phyto-Remediation of Cadmium, Chromium and Lead and their Effect on Growth of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Biological Sciences - PJSIR ◽

10.52763/pjsir.biol.sci.63.1.2020.22.29 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 63 (1) ◽

pp. 22-29

Author(s):

Jehan Bakht ◽

Rafi Ullah ◽

Mohammad Shafi

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Helianthus Annuus ◽

Metal Accumulation ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Shoot Fresh Weight ◽

Helianthus Annuus L ◽

Root Dry Weight

The present study investigates the phyto-accumulation capacity of two cultivars of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) for heavy metals. Analysis of the data recorded ten weeks after sowing indicated that heavy metal application had significantly (p<0.05) affected all the parameters under study. Interaction of EDTA x cultivar and EDTA x cultivar x heavy metal had significantly (p<0.05) affected root fresh weight, root dry weight and heavy metal accumulation. EDTA application had significant (p<0.05) effect on heavy metal accumulation when data was noted ten weeks after sowing. The data also revealed that maximum plant height, number of leaves/plant, shoot fresh weight and dry weight, root fresh and dry weight was noted in control pots (0 mg/kg heavy metal). The suggested that maximum shoot fresh weight shoot dry weight, root fresh weight and root dry weight was noted in pots kept at control with San Sun-33 when applied with 5 mM EDTA. Similarly, maximum heavy metal accumulation was recorded in treatment sown of HiSun-33 applied with 5 mM EDTA and 50 mM chromium. Maximum root fresh weight was noted in control pots treated with 5 mM EDTA and planted with San Sun-33. Similarly, heavy metal accumulation was more in HiSun-33 treated with 50 mg/kg chromium and 5 mM EDTA. In terms of accumulation of heavy metals, HiSun-33 demonstrated better accumulation of the tested heavy metals then SanSun-33, anyhow the growth of SanSun-33 was better than HiSun-33 due to lesser accumulation of heavy metals.

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The 'Maffei 15' Lima Bean Compensates for Reduced Plant Stand

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.40.7.2024 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 40 (7) ◽

pp. 2024-2025

Author(s):

Wallace G. Pill ◽

Thomas A. Evans ◽

Michael W. Olszewski ◽

Robert P. Mulrooney ◽

Walter E. Kee

Keyword(s):

Lima Bean ◽

Linear Increase ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Reproductive Growth ◽

Shoot Fresh Weight ◽

Plant Stand ◽

Effect On Yield ◽

Vegetative And Reproductive Growth ◽

Pod Number ◽

Considerable Loss

'Maffei 15' baby lima bean seeds were sown every 6 cm in rows 76 cm apart to yield a nominal stand of 215,000 plants/ha at two locations in Delaware over 2 years. Seedlings were thinned within 2 weeks of planting to provide 0%, 16.7%, 33.3%, and 50.0% stand reduction at two in-row spacing patterns to determine subsequent effects on vegetative and reproductive growth. Shoot fresh weight per square meter was decreased only in 2003 by 21% and bean fresh weight per square meter was decreased only in 2004 by 13.8% when plant stand decreased to 50%. This disproportional vegetative and reproductive growth response to stand reduction resulted from a compensatory linear increase in shoot fresh weight, usable pod number, and bean fresh weight of individual plants. Thus, 'Maffei 15' lima bean tolerates a considerable loss of plant stand with little or no effect on yield.

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