Mathematical basis of stochastic modeling multicomponent risks in security systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 125-143
Author(s):  
M. Yu. Prus ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Model ◽  
Stochastic Modeling ◽  
Security Systems ◽  
Mathematical Basis ◽  
Current State ◽  
System Risk ◽  
Protected Object ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
Labor Resources ◽  
Anthropogenic Risks

Introduction. It is shown that the development of methods for modeling multicomponent risks is a promising direction for improving information and analytical support for control in security systems. The purpose of the study is to develop new approaches to the study of natural, technogenic and anthropogenic risks based on stochastic modeling of the structure of multicomponent risks in socio-technical systems. Methods of stochastic modeling are based on a matrix representation of risk components, detailing the states of the protected object and the probabilistic characteristics of the functioning of security systems. Results and discussion. A method for analyzing multicomponent risks is presented, reflecting in-depth detailing of the states of the protected object and the probabilistic characteristics of the functioning of security systems. A stochastic model has been built that describes the structure of risk as a result of the interaction of two components, a multiplier and an accelerator, associated with various elements of the model, which, respectively, determine the possibility of occurrence of dangerous events, as well as the degree of vulnerability of protected objects. A connection is established between the indicators of expected losses in a certain territory with the presence of forces, means and systems of protection against the effects of hazardous factors and their current state. The procedures for determining the main parameters of the proposed stochastic model based on statistical and expert methods are discussed. A mathematical toolkit has been created for comparative analysis of the effectiveness of measures to reduce risks in socio-technical systems. The problem of multicriteria combinatorial optimization of planned costs and distribution of financial, material, technical and labor resources in territorial security systems is formulated. Conclusions. Methods for modeling multicomponent risks can be used to create effective algorithms for supporting risk-oriented management in security systems. Key words: stochastic modeling, multicomponent risk, socio-technical system, risk management, security system.

Countering Migration Legislation Violations as a Modern Threat to National Security

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-170
Author(s):  
IGOR’ YU. SAMOKHVALOV
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Intelligence Gathering ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Functional Activities ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
Current State ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Labor Resources ◽  
The Right

Introduction: the paper investigates migration situation in the country, reasons and prerequisites for migration-related crime, and identifies features of state prevention of migration offenses. Aim: by analyzing current migration situation, to identify problems in the field of migration-related offenses and how to counteract them at the current stage of society development. Methods: general scientific dialectical method of cognition, comparative legal method, empirical methods of description and interpretation; method of interpretation of legal norms. Results: having analyzed manifestations of migration-related crime we determine its signs, internal content, essence, types, and objectivity of existence; this allows us to put forward ways to counteract the current state of this type of crime. Conclusions: when studying how migration offenses are counteracted, we propose a number of measures that can change the existing crime situation in the migration sphere. Among them: strengthening the registration of migrants when passing the state border; increasing the responsibility of an unscrupulous employer who provides work to migrants in violation of current legislation, obliging unscrupulous employers to cover expenses related to the expulsion of illegally located migrants, strengthening the responsibility of the employer; tightening the sanctions of existing legislation for submission of false documents for registration by migrants and for registration based on false documents; strengthening the functional activities of the Federal Migration Service by granting it the right to perform intelligence-gathering activities and interaction with operative units of law enforcement agencies engaged in such activities; determining the priority of external and operative services to identify the facts of illegal stay of migrants in the territory of the metropolis; establishment of a single codified act – the migration code, regulating legal relations arising in the migration sphere. Keywords: migration-related crime; labor migration; uncontrolled migration of labor resources; legal status; victimization; migration diasporas.

scholarly journals Probabilistic-deterministic approach of controlling the functionality of a technical system in normal and emergency operation modes

2018 ◽  
Vol 226 ◽  
pp. 04008
Author(s):  
Vladimir M. Zababurin ◽  
Marina A. Egorova ◽  
Yuliya A. Polyakova
Keyword(s):  
Open Systems ◽  
System Development ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Emergency Operation ◽  
Technical System ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Current State ◽  
Self Organized Criticality ◽  
Technical Systems

The main disadvantages of the existing methods of managing the current state of technical systems are revealed. A non-standard approach is proposed for managing the functionality of the system in emergency situations. The character of the dynamics of the recovery processes of the technical system is determined as its state approaches the emergency one on the basis of the recommendations of the theory of self-organized criticality (SOC). The physical criteria for assessing the current state of the technical system are revealed. The rationale for using the physical indicator of the functional destabilization of the system is given. The signs of the pre-emergency state of the technical system are considered. A grapho-analytical model for the development of an emergency situation has been developed. The fact of the inevitable increase in the entropy of the system upon its transition to an emergency state is established. Structuring of the system development process in an emergency situation is carried out in three stages. The methodology for estimating the pre-emergency state of complex open systems is presented. The advantages of the proposed approach to managing the state of technical systems in comparison with traditional ones are established.

Au sujet du débit maximal de la rivière Mistassibi durant la période printanière

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1041-1045
Author(s):  
Mario Lefebvre
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Stochastic Model ◽  
Stochastic Modeling ◽  
Gaussian Distribution ◽  
Maximal Flow ◽  
Correlation Peak ◽  
Hydrological Forecast ◽  
Regression Correlation

First a stochastic model is found for the maximal flow of the Mistassibi river, in Québec, during each of the months of April, May, and June, as well as for the maximal flow during the 3-month period. Next, the problem of forecasting the maximal flow in May, based on the maximal flow in April, is considered.Key words: stochastic modeling, hydrological forecast, Gaussian distribution, lognormal distributrion, linear regression, correlation, peak criterion.

Stochastic Modeling of Microgrinding Wheel Topography

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob A. Kunz ◽  
J. Rhett Mayor
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Model ◽  
Stochastic Modeling ◽  
Process Modeling ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Analytic Model ◽  
Geometric Accuracy ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Wheel Topography ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
The Individual

Superabrasive microgrinding wheels are used for jig grinding of microstructures using various grinding approaches. The desire for increased final geometric accuracy in microgrinding leads to the need for improved process modeling and understanding. An improved understanding of the source of wheel topography characteristics leads to better knowledge of the interaction between the individual grits on the wheel and the grinding workpiece. Analytic stochastic modeling of the abrasives in a general grinding wheel is presented as a method to stochastically predict the wheel topography. The approach predicts the probability of the number of grits within a grind wheel, the individual grit locations within a given wheel structure, and the static grit density within the wheel. The stochastic model is compared to numerical simulations that imitate both the assumptions of the analytic model where grits are allowed to overlap and the more realistic scenario of a grind wheel where grits cannot overlap. A new technique of grit relocation through collective rearrangement is used to limit grit overlap. The results show that the stochastic model can accurately predict the probability of the static grit density while providing results two orders of magnitude faster than the numerical simulation techniques. It is also seen that grit overlap does not significantly impact the static grit density allowing for the simpler, faster analytic model to be utilized without sacrificing accuracy.

scholarly journals System on Chip (SoC) for Invisible Electrocardiography (ECG) Biometrics

Sensors ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 348
Author(s):  
Francisco de Melo ◽  
Horácio C. Neto ◽  
Hugo Plácido da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Embedded System ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Limited Resource ◽  
Security Systems ◽  
Fundamental Building Block ◽  
Computational Performance ◽  
Current State ◽  
System On A Chip ◽  
On Chip

Biometric identification systems are a fundamental building block of modern security. However, conventional biometric methods cannot easily cope with their intrinsic security liabilities, as they can be affected by environmental factors, can be easily “fooled” by artificial replicas, among other caveats. This has lead researchers to explore other modalities, in particular based on physiological signals. Electrocardiography (ECG) has seen a growing interest, and many ECG-enabled security identification devices have been proposed in recent years, as electrocardiography signals are, in particular, a very appealing solution for today’s demanding security systems—mainly due to the intrinsic aliveness detection advantages. These Electrocardiography (ECG)-enabled devices often need to meet small size, low throughput, and power constraints (e.g., battery-powered), thus needing to be both resource and energy-efficient. However, to date little attention has been given to the computational performance, in particular targeting the deployment with edge processing in limited resource devices. As such, this work proposes an implementation of an Artificial Intelligence (AI)-enabled ECG-based identification embedded system, composed of a RISC-V based System-on-a-Chip (SoC). A Binary Convolutional Neural Network (BCNN) was implemented in our SoC’s hardware accelerator that, when compared to a software implementation of a conventional, non-binarized, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) version of our network, achieves a 176,270× speedup, arguably outperforming all the current state-of-the-art CNN-based ECG identification methods.

scholarly journals System of indicators for planning and evaluating production capacity of a construction and installation organization

2021 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 09053
Author(s):  
Ivan Abramov ◽  
Anastasia Martyanova
Keyword(s):  
Production Capacity ◽  
Production Program ◽  
Current State ◽  
Intensive Use ◽  
Actual Volume ◽  
Labor Resources ◽  
The One ◽  
Production Capacities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

To assess the production capacity of a construction and installation organization, the actual volume of work performed for a certain period and planned indicators for the use of certain resources are used. Since the state of production facilities depends not only on the production program, but also on the current state of labor resources, the actual task is to choose the most effective criteria for planning and evaluating the production capacity of a construction and installation organization. In formulating the criteria, the author was guided by the theory, allowing to establish the relationship between the production capacity of building-assembling organizations and production program and capabilities assessment and planning of production capacity for the coefficients of their extensive and intensive use. The study made it possible to form a system of indicators for planning and evaluating the production capacity of a construction and installation organization. The purpose of forming a system of indicators for planning and evaluating production capacities is to take into account in the calculations not only the actual and planned volumes of construction and installation works, but also indicators that reflect the current state of labor resources. The study revealed that through the formation of a system of evaluation indicators, taking into account the impact on production capacity of quantitative and qualitative factors expressed in the structure of labor resources, their qualifications on the one hand, as well as the rhythm and load of the construction and installation organization on the other hand.

Effects of in-sewer processes: a stochastic model approach

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Vollertsen ◽  
A.H. Nielsen ◽  
W. Yang ◽  
T. Hvitved-Jacobsen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Stochastic Model ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Stochastic Modeling ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Water Phase ◽  
Model Concept ◽  
Volatile Substances ◽  
Model Approach

Transformations of organic matter, nitrogen and sulfur in sewers can be simulated taking into account the relevant transformation and transport processes. One objective of such simulation is the assessment and management of hydrogen sulfide formation and corrosion. Sulfide is formed in the biofilms and sediments of the water phase, but corrosion occurs on the moist surfaces of the sewer gas phase. Consequently, both phases and the transport of volatile substances between these phases must be included. Furthermore, wastewater composition and transformations in sewers are complex and subject to high, natural variability. This paper presents the latest developments of the WATS model concept, allowing integrated aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic simulation of the water phase and of gas phase processes. The resulting model is complex and with high parameter variability. An example applying stochastic modeling shows how this complexity and variability can be taken into account.

scholarly journals Stochastic Modeling for Environmental Stress Screening

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (02) ◽  
pp. 387-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Hwan Cha ◽  
Maxim Finkelstein
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Model ◽  
Environmental Stress ◽  
Stochastic Modeling ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Latent Defects

Environmental stress screening (ESS) of manufactured items is used to reduce the occurrence of future failures that are caused by latent defects by eliminating the items with these defects. Some practical descriptions of the relevant ESS procedures can be found in the literature; however, the appropriate stochastic modeling and the corresponding thorough analysis have not been reported. In this paper we develop a stochastic model for the ESS, analyze the effect of this operation on the population characteristics of the screened items, and also consider the relevant optimization issues.

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