scholarly journals Probabilistic-deterministic approach of controlling the functionality of a technical system in normal and emergency operation modes

2018 ◽  
Vol 226 ◽  
pp. 04008
Author(s):  
Vladimir M. Zababurin ◽  
Marina A. Egorova ◽  
Yuliya A. Polyakova
Keyword(s):  
Open Systems ◽  
System Development ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Emergency Operation ◽  
Technical System ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Current State ◽  
Self Organized Criticality ◽  
Technical Systems

The main disadvantages of the existing methods of managing the current state of technical systems are revealed. A non-standard approach is proposed for managing the functionality of the system in emergency situations. The character of the dynamics of the recovery processes of the technical system is determined as its state approaches the emergency one on the basis of the recommendations of the theory of self-organized criticality (SOC). The physical criteria for assessing the current state of the technical system are revealed. The rationale for using the physical indicator of the functional destabilization of the system is given. The signs of the pre-emergency state of the technical system are considered. A grapho-analytical model for the development of an emergency situation has been developed. The fact of the inevitable increase in the entropy of the system upon its transition to an emergency state is established. Structuring of the system development process in an emergency situation is carried out in three stages. The methodology for estimating the pre-emergency state of complex open systems is presented. The advantages of the proposed approach to managing the state of technical systems in comparison with traditional ones are established.

Analysis of the Development Situation and Forecasting of Development of Emergency Situations in Socio-Technical Systems

2017 ◽  
pp. 76-107
Author(s):  
Yuliya Sikirda ◽  
Tetiana Shmelova
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Dynamic Instability ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Technical System ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Markov Network ◽  
Structural Hierarchy ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Technical Systems

In this chapter, socio-technical analysis of Air Navigation System (ANS) has hold in the result of which the heterogeneous factors of professional and non-professional activities influencing on the decision-making (DM) of ANS's human-operator (Н-О) in expected and unexpected aircraft's (АС) operating conditions have classified, systematically compiled and formalized. The method of generalization of heterogeneous factors, which allows taking into account the structural hierarchy, heterogeneity, dynamic instability of factors of professional and non-professional activity influencing on the ANS's H-O DM has developed, the conditions for their evaluation have determined. The vector of actions of the ANS's H-O in the expected and unexpected AC operating conditions, taking into account the model of the operator's behaviour, has considered. The authors have obtained the models of bipolar choice of operator of Socio-Technical System (STS) for using of reflexion theory and Markov network. They present the results of choosing in the direction of positive, negative pole, a mixed choice and forecasting of development of the situation. The authors demonstrate the methodology for analysis of flight situation development using GERT's and Markov's networks.

Analysis of the Development Situation and Forecasting of Development of Emergency Situations in Socio-Technical Systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 827-851
Author(s):  
Yuliya Sikirda ◽  
Tetiana Shmelova
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Dynamic Instability ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Technical System ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Markov Network ◽  
Structural Hierarchy ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Technical Systems

In this chapter, socio-technical analysis of Air Navigation System (ANS) has hold in the result of which the heterogeneous factors of professional and non-professional activities influencing on the decision-making (DM) of ANS's human-operator (Н-О) in expected and unexpected aircraft's (АС) operating conditions have classified, systematically compiled and formalized. The method of generalization of heterogeneous factors, which allows taking into account the structural hierarchy, heterogeneity, dynamic instability of factors of professional and non-professional activity influencing on the ANS's H-O DM has developed, the conditions for their evaluation have determined. The vector of actions of the ANS's H-O in the expected and unexpected AC operating conditions, taking into account the model of the operator's behaviour, has considered. The authors have obtained the models of bipolar choice of operator of Socio-Technical System (STS) for using of reflexion theory and Markov network. They present the results of choosing in the direction of positive, negative pole, a mixed choice and forecasting of development of the situation. The authors demonstrate the methodology for analysis of flight situation development using GERT's and Markov's networks.

IMPLEMENTATIONS EMERGENCY RESPONSE SYSTEM IN CASE OF ACCIDENTS AND EMERGENCY SITUATIONS (ERA-GLONASS) FOR CARS AND TRUCKS IN UZBEKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akmal Rustamov
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Call Center ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Emergency Response System ◽  
Response System

The paper addresses the problem of increasing transportation safety due to usage of new possibilities provided by modern technologies. The proposed approach extends such systems as ERA-GLONASS and eCall via service network composition enabling not only transmitting additional information but also information fusion for defining required emergency means as well as planning for a whole emergency response operation. The main idea of the approach is to model the cyber physical human system components by sets of services representing them. The services are provided with the capability of self- contextualization to autonomously adapt their behaviors to the context of the car-driver system. The approach is illustrated via an accident emergency situation response scenario. “ERA-GLONASS” is the Russian state emergency response system for accidents, aimed at improving road safety and reducing the death rate from accidents by reducing the time for warning emergency services. In fact, this is a partially copied European e Call system with some differences in the data being transmitted and partly backward compatible with the European parent. The principle of the system is quite simple and logical: in the event of an accident, the module built into the car in fully automatic mode and without human intervention determines the severity of the accident, determines the vehicle’s location via GLONASS or GPS, establishes connection with the system infrastructure and in accordance with the protocol, transfers the necessary data on the accident (a certain distress signal). Having received the distress signal, the employee of the call center of the system operator should call the on-board device and find out what happened. If no one answers, send the received data to Sistema-112 and send it to the exact coordinates of the team of rescuers and doctors, and the last one to arrive at the place is given 20 minutes. And all this, I repeat, without the participation of a person: even if people caught in an accident will not be able to independently call emergency services, the data on the accident will still be transferred. In this work intended to add some information about applying system project in Uzbek Roads especially mountain regions like “Kamchik” pass. The Kamchik Pass is a high mountain pass at an elevation of 2.306 m above the sea level, located in the Qurama Mountains in eastern Uzbekistan and its length is about 88km.The road to reach the pass is asphalted, but there are rough sections where the asphalt has disappeared. It’s called A373. The old road over the pass was by passed by a tunnel built in 1999. On the horizon, the snow-capped peaks of the Fan Mountains come into view. The pass is located in the Fergana Valley between the Tashkent and Namangan Regions.

Multicriterial Optimization of Technical Systems Considering Multiple Load and Availability Scenarios

2015 ◽  
Vol 807 ◽  
pp. 247-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena C. Altherr ◽  
Thorsten Ederer ◽  
Philipp Pöttgen ◽  
Ulf Lorenz ◽  
Peter F. Pelz
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Technical System ◽  
Multicriterial Optimization ◽  
Fluid Systems ◽  
Rule Number ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
Multiple Load ◽  
Modern Optimization

Cheap does not imply cost-effective -- this is rule number one of zeitgeisty system design. The initial investment accounts only for a small portion of the lifecycle costs of a technical system. In fluid systems, about ninety percent of the total costs are caused by other factors like power consumption and maintenance. With modern optimization methods, it is already possible to plan an optimal technical system considering multiple objectives. In this paper, we focus on an often neglected contribution to the lifecycle costs: downtime costs due to spontaneous failures. Consequently, availability becomes an issue.

scholarly journals Biomarkers of Angiogenesis and Neuroplasticity as Promising Clinical Tools for Stroke Recovery Evaluation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 3949
Author(s):  
Lidia Wlodarczyk ◽  
Rafal Szelenberger ◽  
Natalia Cichon ◽  
Joanna Saluk-Bijak ◽  
Michal Bijak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Stroke Recovery ◽  
Clinical Scales ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Recovery Potential ◽  
Current State ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Clinical Tools ◽  
Selection Of

Several key issues impact the clinical practice of stroke rehabilitation including a patient’s medical history, stroke experience, the potential for recovery, and the selection of the most effective type of therapy. Until clinicians have answers to these concerns, the treatment and rehabilitation are rather intuitive, with standard procedures carried out based on subjective estimations using clinical scales. Therefore, there is a need to find biomarkers that could predict brain recovery potential in stroke patients. This review aims to present the current state-of-the-art stroke recovery biomarkers that could be used in clinical practice. The revision of biochemical biomarkers has been developed based on stroke recovery processes: angiogenesis and neuroplasticity. This paper provides an overview of the biomarkers that are considered to be ready-to-use in clinical practice and others, considered as future tools. Furthermore, this review shows the utility of biomarkers in the development of the concept of personalized medicine. Enhancing brain neuroplasticity and rehabilitation facilitation are crucial concerns not only after stroke, but in all central nervous system diseases.

scholarly journals Mobile Application Design Emergency Medical Call for the Deaf using UCD Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Risald Risald ◽  
Suyoto Suyoto ◽  
Albertus Joko Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Emergency Call ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Deaf People ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
The People ◽  
Emergency Event ◽  
Audio Communication

<p>Deaf or hearing loss is a condition of inability to hear something, either totally or partially. Hearing loss greatly affects the life of a person in communicating with the people around him. Deaf people will be very difficult when in a medical emergency, this is because the medical emergency situation requires fast action.</p><p>          The Healthy Phone application is a mobile medical emergency call application that can help people with hearing impaired when in emergency situations. With the Healthy Phone application, the user only needs to select an icon that suits the situation encountered in touchscreen mobile device then the message will be sent to the nearest hospital.</p>                To search for icons corresponding to emergencies, the User Centered Design (UCD) method is used. This application is very helpful for deaf people because this application does not require audio communication and user location is also sent automatically to the nearest hospital. The results were analyzed using four emergency event scenarios with a total score of 87% and an average user time of less than 0:42 sec indicating that the study was successful in designing a mobile medical emergency call application according to user requirements.

ANALYSIS OF THE PROSPECTS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF CERTAIN ASPECTS OF LICENSING IN THE FIELD OF FIRE SAFETY

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Сергей Семёнович Воевода ◽  
Ирина Фёдоровна Зенкова
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
General Mechanism ◽  
General Direction ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Permanent Employees

В статье рассмотрена возможность внесения изменений в лицензионные требования, касающиеся подтверждения квалификации работников, состоящих в штате соискателей лицензии (лицензиатов). Выполнение указанных требований обязательно при намерении осуществлять (осуществлении) деятельность по тушению пожаров в населенных пунктах, на производственных объектах и объектах инфраструктуры, а также деятельность по монтажу, техническому обслуживанию и ремонту средств обеспечения пожарной безопасности зданий и сооружений. Проведен анализ введенных в действие в рамках реализации «регуляторной гильотины» положений о лицензировании видов деятельности в области пожарной безопасности, утвержденных постановлениями Правительства Российской Федерации. Кроме того, с использованием положений нормативных правовых актов Российской Федерации и нормативных документов проанализирован общий механизм формирования системы независимой оценки квалификации, в том числе в области пожарной безопасности, рассмотрены перспективы внесения изменений в лицензионные требования. Сделан вывод о том, что характер прогнозируемых изменений должен соответствовать общему направлению развития Национальной системы квалификаций. В статье исследовано также современное положение дел с формированием профессиональных стандартов в области пожарной безопасности, разработка которых закреплена за Советом по профессиональным квалификациям в области обеспечения безопасности в чрезвычайных ситуациях. The article considers the possibility of amending the licensing requirements regarding the confirmation of the qualifications of permanent employees who are the license applicants (licensees). Fulfillment of the specified requirements is mandatory if it is intended to carry out (implement) fire fighting activities in settlements, at industrial facilities and infrastructure facilities, as well as activities for installation, maintenance and repair of fire safety facilities for buildings and structures. The analysis of regulations on licensing of fire safety activities, approved by the resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation is carried out. These regulations are implemented as part of realization of “regulatory guillotine”. Furthermore, the general mechanism for formation of the system for independent qualification assessment, including in the field of fire safety is analyzed as well as the prospects for amending licensing requirements were considered. The above mentioned analysis is carried out using the provisions of regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation and regulatory documents. It is concluded that the nature of predictable changes should correspond to the general direction of development of the unified National qualification system. The article also considers the current state of formation stages of professional standards in the field of fire safety. The development of such standards is assigned to the Council for professional qualifications in the field of safety in emergency situations.

DIGITAL DESIGN OPTIMIZATION OF A COMPLEX TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
A.R. ABLAEV ◽  
E.V. KHROMOV ◽  
R.R. ABLAEV ◽  
A.P. POLYAKOV
Keyword(s):  
Design Optimization ◽  
Level Structure ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Digital Design ◽  
Technical System ◽  
Software Support ◽  
Complex Technical System ◽  
Complex Optimization ◽  
Complex Technical Systems ◽  
Technical Systems

The article investigates the issue of optimization of a complex technical system at the stage of its design using a heuristic–phenomenological approach. The analysis of the principles of complex optimization of complex technical systems is carried out. A four–level structure for the synthesis of methodological, informational and software support for complex optimization of complex technical systems is proposed, which will allow controlling the programmable parameters of complex technical systems at each stage of their design.

scholarly journals Bottlenecks, Modules, and Dynamic Architectural Capabilities

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carliss Y. Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Technical System ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Organizational Boundaries ◽  
Value Capture ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Technical Architecture ◽  
Complex Technical System ◽  
Technical Systems

How do firms create and capture value in large technical systems? In this paper, I argue that the points of both value creation and value capture are the system’s bottlenecks. Bottlenecks arise first as important technical problems to be solved. Once the problem is solved, Then the solution in combination with organizational boundaries and property rights can be used to capture a stream of rents. The tools a firm can use to manage bottlenecks are, first, an understanding first of the technical architecture of the system; and, second, an understanding of the industry architecture in which the technical system is embedded. Although these tools involve disparate bodies of knowledge, they must be used in tandem to achieve maximum effect. Dynamic architectural capabilities provide managers with the ability to see a complex technical system in an abstract way and change the system’s structure to manage bottlenecks and modules in conjunction with the firm’s organizational boundaries and property rights.

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