Impact of communication on the awareness of birth defects among adult women in Nigeria

Objectives: Birth defects are universal problems associated with poor management outcomes in children, especially in developing countries where its burden is enormous. Media advocacy is believed to help in reducing these poor outcomes. This study assessed the level of awareness of birth defects in women and the impact of the media in Nigeria. Material and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of 778 women, conducted in the outpatient clinics of two major referral hospitals in Ibadan, Nigeria, from March to October 2019. Results: Of the 778 women, 768 were administered a structured questionnaire and 10 women whose children have been managed for a congenital anomaly before were interviewed using an in-depth interview guide. Of the 768 respondents, 600 (78.1%) were in the third and fourth decades of life and 577 (75.1%) women have heard about birth defects before. A total of 348 (60.3%) and 134 (23.2%) women heard about it from the hospital and mass media, respectively, with 65.0% of them believing that the media were helping in educating people about birth defects. There was a statistically significant relationship between the awareness levels and the respondents’ occupation (χ2 = 28.914, P < 0.001), educational status (χ2=43.325, P < 0.001), religion (χ2 = 10.376, P = 0.016), antenatal clinic attendance (χ2 = 5.035, P = 0.025), and history of previous mid-trimester abortion (χ2 = 7.689, P = 0.006). Conclusion: The level of awareness about birth defects is good but not enough; there is a need for greater media involvement in disseminating information on the occurrence of birth defects.

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Alcohol Use and Its Associated Factors among Adolescents Aged 15–19 Years at Governmental High Schools of Aksum Town, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2019: A Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Addiction ◽

10.1155/2021/5518946 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Enguday Tirfeneh Gebeyehu ◽

Mengesha Srahbzu Biresaw

Keyword(s):

High Schools ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Educational Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Alcoholic Beverages ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Social ◽

The Impact

Introduction. The impact of alcohol use among adolescents is multidisciplinary and affects the adolescent’s academic performance, precipitates with sexually transmitted infections or psychiatric disorders, and disturbs the social domain of adolescents. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of alcohol use among adolescents aged 15–19 years at the governmental high schools of Aksum Town, Tigray, Ethiopia, in 2019. Methods. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 to 30 January 2019 at Aksum town high school. Alcohol use was assessed by asking the question “have you used at least one of the alcoholic beverages in the last three months for nonmedical purposes?” Study participants were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected with face-to-face interview and were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to see the association between alcohol use and associated factors. Adjusted odds ratio at a p value < 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval was taken to declare the statistical significance of variables. Result. About 633 adolescents aged 15–19 years were addressed with a response rate of 99.7%. Prevalence of alcohol use was found to be 39.7% [95% CI (35.7, 43.6)]. Being male [AOR = 1.80; 95% CI (1.24, 2.60)], fathers’ educational status 1–8 grades [AOR = 2.98; 95% CI (1.60, 5.53)], fathers’ occupation farming [AOR = 4.24; 95% CI (2.038.85)], experienced parental neglect [AOR = 1.75; 95% CI (1.20, 2.55)], strong social support [AOR = 1.79; 95% CI (1.11, 2.87)], and family size of greater than five [AOR = 2.03; 95%CI (1.39, 2.97)] were factors identified to be significantly associated with alcohol use among adolescents aged 15–19 years. Conclusion. In the current study, the prevalence of alcohol use is found to be high when compared to other populations. A strong association has been found between alcohol use and lower paternal educational status and farming as an occupation of parents. There should be a regular awareness creation program for parents with lower education about the devastating effects of alcohol on adolescents.

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Dietary pattern, a modifiable risk factor that can be easily assessed for atherosclerosis vascular disease prevention in clinical practice

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980010001862 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 319-326 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Guillaume Mahe ◽

Marie Carsin ◽

Maya Zeeny ◽

Jean-Paul De Bosschere

Keyword(s):

Clinical Practice ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Assessment ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Vascular Diseases ◽

Educational Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Impact

AbstractObjectivesNutrition is one of the modifiable risk factors of atherosclerosis vascular diseases (VD). We aimed to (i) evaluate the dietary patterns associated with VD in clinical practice using a validated FFQ; and (ii) determine potential independent sociodemographic and behavioural factors that are involved in such dietary patterns. The FFQ determined the vascular dietary score (VDS; ranges from −17 to 19) for each subject.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingA general practitioner's (GP) office in 2009.SubjectsA total of 250 French subjects (18–84 years old).ResultsA total of 21 % had a favourable vascular diet (VDS ≥ 8), 79 % needed to improve their diet (VDS < 8) and 21 % had a risky vascular diet (VDS ≤ −1). A step-by-step multivariate linear regression analysis with stepwise selection was performed using the VDS as a dependent variable. Significant variables were: age (β = 0·495, P < 0·0001), men (β = −0·282, P < 0·0001), ‘sport ≥1 h/week’ (β = 0·253, P = 0·001), ‘walking 20 min/d’ (β = 0·161, P = 0·012), ‘former smoker’ (β = 0·118, P = 0·029), previous nutritional advice (β = 0·105, P = 0·049), ‘alcohol ≥20 g/d’ (β = −0·216, P < 0·0001) and ‘primary school’ (β = −0·156, P = 0·010). The R2 coefficient of this model was 0·347 (P < 0·0001). In all, 88·7 % of the subjects found the evaluation very interesting and 89·6 % believed that the GP should perform it.ConclusionsSimple dietary assessment for VD prevention can be easily performed in clinical practice to allow physicians to give objective and rapid advice for each patient. Age, educational status, alcohol consumption, gender and physical activity are associated with the VDS. Compliance with such evaluation was found to be very high, which should encourage larger dietary screening in the population in order to reduce the impact of VD.

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A Statewide Survey of General Practitioners in NSW, Australia, about Immunisation and Strategies to Increase Childhood Immunisation Rates

Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/101053959901100105 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 20-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Maria Victoria C Guevarra ◽

Leena Gupta ◽

Timothy C Heath ◽

Margaret A Burgess

Keyword(s):

Response Rate ◽

New South ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Childhood Immunisation ◽

Parental Concern ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

South Wales ◽

The Media ◽

The Impact ◽

Self Administered Questionnaire

A statewide survey was conducted to ascertain GPs' views in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, about the potential usefulness of strategies to increase immunisation rates and to facilitate providing childhood immunisation in their practice. The survey also explored the usefulness of information sources about immunisation. From September 1997-January 1998, a cross-sectional study using a four page self-administered questionnaire was undertaken. Four hundred GPs practising in NSW, Australia were randomly selected and 343 were eligible to participate. Of these, 281 returned a completed questionnaire (82% response rate). Ninety-one percent and 88% of GPs, respectively, agreed that television campaigns or registering children with the national Australian Childhood Immunisation Register (ACIR) w ere likely to increase immunisation rates. Sixty-two percent of respondents considered that the media created unwarranted parental concern about immunisation. GPs most commonly rated availability of an ACIR list of children overdue for immunisation, better parent educational material and better access to vaccines as strategies which would make immunisation easier. Sixty percent of respondents felt that increased GP payments would be successful in increasing immunisation rates. Only 51% indicated that they had used the “Australian Immunisation Procedures Handbook 6th edition” (a national clinical practice guideline) in the previous month. This study identified GP support for many initiatives aimed at increasing immunisation rates in Australia although GPs were sceptical about the benefits of some programmes. Studies to monitor the impact of GP incentives on immunisation rates in populations and individual practices are underway. These will be useful in determining whether GPs' opinions found in our study correlate with practice in this regard.

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The Impact of Patient Safety Culture and the Leader Coaching Behavior of Nurses on the Intention to Report Errors: A Cross-Sectional Survey

10.21203/rs.2.21535/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zahra Chegini ◽

Mohammad ASGHARI JAFARABADI ◽

Edris KAKEMAM ◽

Ali JANATI

Keyword(s):

Patient Safety ◽

Safety Culture ◽

Educational Status ◽

Patient Safety Culture ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Coaching Behavior ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background There is growing interest in examining the factors affecting the reporting of errors by nurses. However, little research has been conducted into the effects of perceived patient safety culture and leader coaching behavior of nurses on the intention to report errors.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 256 nurses in the emergency departments of 18 public and private hospitals in Tabriz, northwest Iran. Participants completed the self- administered questionnaires and the data was analyzed using linear regression analysis.Results Overall, 43% of nurses had an intention to report errors; 50% of respondents reported that their nursing managers demonstrated high levels of coaching. With regard to patient safety culture, areas of strength and weakness were “Teamwork within Units” (PRR = 66.80%) and “Non-punitive response errors” (PRR = 19.66%). Regression findings highlighted a significant association between an intention to report errors and patient safety culture (B=0.123, CI 95%: 0.005 to 0.328, P = 0.026), leader coaching behavior (B=0.172, CI 95%: 0.066 to 0.347, P = 0.004) and nurses’ educational status (B=0. 787, 95% CI: -.064 to 1.638, P = 0.048). Conclusions Further research is needed to assess how interventions addressing patient safety culture and leader coaching behaviors might increase the intention to report errors.

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The impact of patient safety culture and the leader coaching behaviour of nurses on the intention to report errors: A cross-sectional survey

10.21203/rs.2.21535/v4 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zahra Chegini ◽

Edris Kakemam ◽

Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi ◽

Ali Janati

Keyword(s):

Patient Safety ◽

Safety Culture ◽

Educational Status ◽

Patient Safety Culture ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Coaching Behavior ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background: There is growing interest in examining the factors affecting the reporting of errors by nurses. However, little research has been conducted into the effects of perceived patient safety culture and leader coaching of nurses on the intention to report errors.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 256 nurses in the emergency departments of 18 public and private hospitals in Tabriz, northwest Iran. Participants completed the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC), Coaching Behavior Scale and Intention to Report Errors’ questionnaires and the data was analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis.Results: Overall, 43% of nurses had an intention to report errors; 50% of respondents reported that their nursing managers demonstrated high levels of coaching. With regard to patient safety culture, areas of strength and weakness were “teamwork within units” (PRR = 66.8%) and “non-punitive response errors” (PRR = 19.7%). Regression analysis findings highlighted a significant association between an intention to report errors and patient safety culture (B = 0.2, CI 95%: 0.1 to 0.3, P < 0.05), leader coaching behavior (B = 0.2, CI 95%: 0.1 to 0.3, P < 0.01) and nurses’ educational status (B = 0. 8, 95% CI: -0.1 to 1.6, P < 0.05).Conclusions: Further research is needed to assess how interventions addressing patient safety culture and leader coaching behaviours might increase the intention to report errors.

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Labour Induction with Misoprostol in German Obstetric Clinics: What Are the Facts on Such Use?

Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde ◽

10.1055/a-1538-2200 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 81 (08) ◽

pp. 955-965

Author(s):

Sven Kehl ◽

Christel Weiss ◽

Werner Rath ◽

Michael Schneider ◽

Florian Stumpfe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostaglandin E2 ◽

Management Practices ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Labour Induction ◽

Induction Agent ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Before And After ◽

The Media ◽

Level I ◽

The Impact

Abstract Subject While the synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue misoprostol is the most effect labour induction agent, its use is off-label for the most part. For this reason, and in view of its potential adverse effects and varying approaches to its administration, the drug has recently once again become a focus of critical attention. The objective of this survey was thus to establish a record of labour induction with misoprostol in German clinics and determine the impact of the negative reporting on everyday obstetric practice. Material and Methods In this cross-sectional study, 635 obstetrics and gynaecology departments in Germany were requested by email to participate in our survey in February/March 2020. Online responses to 19 questions were requested regarding the clinic, use of misoprostol before and after the critical reporting, use of misoprostol (sourcing, method of administration, dosage, monitoring) and other labour induction methods. Results A total of 262 (41.3%) of the clinics solicited for the survey completed the questionnaire. There were no differences regarding the care level (Perinatal Centre Level I, Perinatal Centre Level II, Clinic with Perinatal Focus or Obstetric/Private Clinic; p = 0.2104) or birth counts (p = 0.1845). In most cases, misoprostol was prepared in the clinicʼs own pharmacy (54%) or imported from another country (46%) and administered orally in tablet form (95%). Misoprostol dosage levels varied (25 µg [48%], 50 µg [83%], 75 µg [6%], 100 µg [47%] and > 100 µg [5%]). Most of the clinics used premanufactured tablets/capsules (59%), although Cytotec tablets were also divided (35%) or dissolved in water (5%). Misoprostol administration intervals were mainly every 4 hours (64%) or every 6 hours (30%). CTG checks were run in most cases before and after administration of a dose of misoprostol (78% and 76%) and before and after administration of a dose of prostaglandin E2 (both 88%). Presence of contractions led to no misoprostol (59%) or no prostaglandin E2 (64%) being administered in most cases. The critical reporting resulted in discontinuation of use of misoprostol in 17% of the clinics – mainly smaller obstetric/private clinics with fewer than 1000 births. Labour cocktails were used mainly in obstetric and private clinics (61%). Conclusion Misoprostol is an established agent for labour induction in German clinics. The dosing schemes used vary. Improvements of currently common management practices are required, especially in the area of labour induction (CTG checks before and after administration of labour-inducing medication, no administration of prostaglandin if contractions are ongoing). The discussion of use of misoprostol in the media resulted in stoppage of its use mainly in smaller clinics.

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Uncharted waters: the effects of COVID-19 on student paramedics

Australasian Journal of Paramedicine ◽

10.33151/ajp.18.921 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 ◽

Author(s):

Steve Whitfield ◽

Andre Perkins ◽

Sarah Kelly ◽

Hannah Dumbleton

Keyword(s):

Learning Style ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

Clinical Placements ◽

Face To Face ◽

Online Lectures ◽

The Media ◽

Perceived Experiences ◽

The Impact

Introduction The effect of COVID-19 pandemic shutdowns on education has been discussed broadly in both the media and among academics, however its true effects on paramedicine students and their ability to attend in-person lectures, skill sessions and clinical placements has not been widely researched. This study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on a group of paramedicine students at an Australian university. Methods A cross-sectional study using a convenience sample of first and second year paramedicine students was undertaken to explore their perceived experiences of COVID-19 through both qualitative and quantitative responses. Results A total of 83 paramedicine students from Griffith University in Queensland participated in the survey, demonstrating an 84.7% response rate. Of the participants, 78.3% (n=65) disagreed that online workshop sessions were as valuable as face-to-face sessions. Similarly, the majority of participants (61.5%, n=51) disagreed that online lectures and tutorials were as beneficial as in-person equivalents. A further 61.4% (n=51) of students agreed that COVID-19-associated lockdowns had negatively impacted their ability to formulate strong personal relationships that are important for university, however 78.3% of students agreed that communication platforms assisted in maintaining some form of social interaction. Conclusion The results from this study demonstrate that the educational and social impacts of COVID-19 on paramedicine students were highly diverse, and were contingent on several factors including but not limited to: year of study, learning style, previously established social connections and extenuating life circumstances.

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The effect of nurses’ ethical leadership and ethical climate perceptions on job satisfaction

Nursing Ethics ◽

10.1177/0969733017736924 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 1211-1225 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Dilek Özden ◽

Gülşah Gürol Arslan ◽

Büşra Ertuğrul ◽

Salih Karakaya

Keyword(s):

Job Satisfaction ◽

Ethical Leadership ◽

Ethical Climate ◽

Educational Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

University Hospital ◽

Satisfaction Scale ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Climate Perceptions ◽

The Impact

Background: The development of ethical leadership approaches plays an important role in achieving better patient care. Although studies that analyze the impact of ethical leadership on ethical climate and job satisfaction have gained importance in recent years, there is no study on ethical leadership and its relation to ethical climate and job satisfaction in our country. Objectives: This descriptive and cross-sectional study aimed to determine the effect of nurses’ ethical leadership and ethical climate perceptions on their job satisfaction. Methods: The study sample is composed of 285 nurses who agreed to participate in this research and who work at the internal, surgical, and intensive care units of a university hospital and a training and research hospital in İzmir, Turkey. Data were collected using Ethical Leadership Scale, Hospital Ethical Climate Scale, and Minnesota Satisfaction Scale. While the independent sample t-test, analysis of variance, Mann–Whitney U test, and Kruskal–Wallis test were used to analyze the data, the correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between the scales. Ethical considerations: The study proposal was approved by the ethics committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University. Findings: The nurses’ mean scores were 59.05 ± 14.78 for the ethical leadership, 92.62 ± 17 for the ethical climate, and 62.15 ± 13.46 for the job satisfaction. The correlation between the nurses’ ethical leadership and ethical climate mean scores was moderately positive and statistically significant (r = +0.625, p = 0.000), was weak but statistically significant between their ethical leadership and job satisfaction mean scores (r = +0.461, p = 0.000), and was moderately positive and statistically significant between their ethical climate and job satisfaction mean scores (r = +0.603, p = 0.000). Conclusion: The nurses’ ethical leadership, ethical climate, and job satisfaction levels are moderate, and there is a positive relationship between them. The nurses’ perceptions of ethical leadership are influenced by their educational status, workplace, and length of service.

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What is the impact of husband’s education on unintended pregnancies in southern Ethiopia? A cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.2.13487/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Canaan Negash Seifu ◽

Paul Patrick Fahey ◽

Tewodros Getachew Hailemariam ◽

Evan Atlantis

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Unintended Pregnancy ◽

Educational Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Unintended Pregnancies ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background: Unintended pregnancy rates are substantially higher in developing regions, have significant health consequences, and disproportionately affect subgroups with socio-economic disadvantage. We aimed to examine if husband’s education is associated with their wife’s unintended pregnancy in southern Ethiopia. Methods: The data source for this study was from a cross-sectional study on iron-folate supplementation and compliance in Wolaita, South Ethiopia. Data were collected from 627 married pregnant women regarding their husband’s educational status, socio-demographic characteristics and if they wanted to become pregnant at the time of survey using an interviewer administered questionnaire. Odds Ratios (ORs) with associated z-tests and 95% confidence intervals and logistic regression analyses were used to identify variables associated with unintended pregnancy. Results: The proportion of unintended pregnancy was 20.6% in this study with husband’s educational status, age, residence, and using family planning methods predictive of unintended pregnancy (all P-values <0.05). In the multivariable regression analysis, the odds of having unintended pregnancy was 60% lower (adjusted OR (95%CI; 0.4(0.18, 0.9)) when husband’s had University or College education compared to no education was after controlling for the age of women (adjusted OR per year older (95%CI); 1.13(1.09, 1.19)) and rural or urban residence (adjusted OR for rural (95%CI); 1.75(0.98, 3.12)) Conclusion: Unintended pregnancies were highest for women with less educated husbands in southern Ethiopia. We also found that being older and living in rural area were independently associated with an increased risk of unintended pregnancy. Strategies for addressing the family planning needs of families where husbands have less education should be the subject of future research.

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Media parenting in rural part of India and its impact on children-a cross-sectional study, a media-parent study

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20210129 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 360

Author(s):

Bishnupriya Sahoo ◽

Rupali Malik ◽

. Richa ◽

Daksh Yadav ◽

Satya Kiran Kapur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

School Performance ◽

Media Use ◽

Unmet Need ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Media Usage ◽

The Media ◽

The Impact

Background: Media and gadgets are increasingly used in urban areas and rural pockets, among adults and children as well. Excessive use of media has its own negative consequences. Aim of the present study is to address, role of media in parenting practices, children’s daily activities and school performance. The objectives are to assess the pattern and reason for media use by children and the parental attitude and ability to regulate media handling by their children iii) the impact of media usage on school performance.Methods: It was a qualitative cross-sectional study included 200 children <18 years, visiting the hospital for outpatient services. A pre-designed questionnaire was used for data collection.Results: The analysis of the parent and the child media usage was done in relation to socioeconomic and demographic parameters. The mean age for child media exposure was found to be 6.4±3.8 years. The media use on school-days was 1.9 against 2.7 hours on the holidays. The media contents were mostly cartoon and mobile games with television and mobile being the commonest mode. Poor school performance was associated with media use of 2 hours in school days [HR=1.38 (95% CI=1.01-1.89), p=0.04]. Many parents knew about few bad consequences of media but not able to regulate due to lack of awareness.Conclusions: Proper media parenting is now an unmet need everywhere. Non-educational media content for entertainment purpose during school-days should be discouraged. Interventions like parental media education with involvement of paediatrician, school teacher and psychologist is needed.

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