scholarly journals What is the best soft-tissue reference plane to quantify lip change in bimaxillary protrusion cases? A retrospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 178-184
Author(s):  
Mustafa Nasar ◽  
Donald J. Ferguson ◽  
Johnny Joung-Lin Liaw ◽  
Laith Makki ◽  
Nikhilesh R. Vaid
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Reference Plane ◽  
Treatment Change ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Soft Tissue Profile ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Bimaxillary Protrusion

Objectives: The objective of the study was to evaluate the validity of five soft-tissue profile planes to actual horizontal lower lip changes following treatment of severe bimaxillary protrusion patients with vertical maxillary excess using extra-alveolar miniscrews. The null hypothesis was no differences in the incremental changes of horizontal lower lip changes from pre-treatment to post-treatment of the five methods compared to actual changes. Materials and Methods: Seventy adults were treated orthodontically with extractions for bimaxillary protrusion and “gummy” smile using extra-alveolar miniscrews. Lower lip horizontal position was assessed with pre- and post-treatment lateral cephalograms and five commonly used soft-tissue reference lines were used to measure horizontal lower lip treatment change. Results: Compared to actual therapeutic lower lip horizontal retraction (4.38 mm), soft-tissue references Ricketts’ E-line (3.89 mm) and Steiner’s S-line (3.88 mm) demonstrated no statistical difference (P > 0.05) from actual change. The five profile plane measures showed moderately high to high intercorrelations among themselves, but none of them were related to the actual amount of anteroposterior lip change that occurred. None of the five soft-tissue measurements showed a statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) between subgroups with least and greatest lower lip retraction. Conclusion: Under conditions of maximum lower lip retraction, Rickett’s E-line and Steiner’s S-line were fair measures of horizontal lower lip change. Although actual lower lip change and soft-tissue reference plane changes were correlated poorly, intercorrelations among the five soft-tissue references planes were moderately high. None of the five soft-tissue measurements was able to discriminate (P > 0.05) between treatments with least and greatest lower lip retraction. It may be concluded that Rickett’s E-line and Steiner’s S-line soft-tissue profile references are valid when there is considerable therapeutic retraction (4+ mm) of the lower lip.

Soft-Tissue Profile Changes during Widening and Protraction of the Maxilla in Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate Compared with Normal Growth and Development

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 454-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf S. Tindlund ◽  
Per Rygh
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Maxillary Protraction ◽  
Transverse Expansion ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Soft Tissue Profile ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Maxillary Deficiency

During the last 15 years, cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients with maxillary deficiency in the care of the Bergen CLP team have undergone an interceptive orthopedic treatment phase during the deciduous and mixed dentition period. The present study includes 68 patients who received maxillary transverse expansion by use of a modified quad-helix appliance and 98 cases given maxillary protraction by a facial mask. All cases were treated until an acceptable normal occlusion was attained. Lateral cephalograms were taken immediately before and after the active treatment periods. Sagittal changes of the soft-tissue profile during transverse expansion and protraction were analyzed separately for unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (UCLP) patients and bilateral complete cleft lip and palate (BCLP) patients. The soft-tissue profiles of the groups were compared to growth changes of noncleft age-matched children (NORM group). During the short period of maxillary transverse expansion (mean period, 3.5 months) no significant change of the soft-tissue profile was found, except in the protrusion of the lower lip in the BCLP group. During the period of maxillary protraction (mean periods, 12 months in the UCLP group and 15 months in the BCLP group) the soft-tissue profile improved significantly by reducing the characteristic tendency towards a concave profile in CLP patients with maxillary deficiency. Significant Increases of the sagittal maxillomandlbular lip relation (angle SS-N-SM: mean Increase, 2.5 degrees) and the Holdaway-angle (H-angle: mean increase, 3.0 degrees) were found to be similar in the UCLP and BCLP groups. However, the use of different reference lines for evaluation of treatment effects upon the soft-tissue profile resulted in conflicting findings suggesting that anteriorly situated reference lines are more suitable for the evaluation of CLP patients. Thus, the esthetic line (E.line) indicated a favorable position of the lips after treatment; the subspinale-pogonlon line (ss.pg) revealed an Improved soft-tissue profile; the soft-tissue-facial line (N.PG) showed a retruded nose and upper lip; whereas basal references such as the nasion-sella line (NSL) and the occlusal-line perpendicular (OLP) mainly showed major differences between the CLP groups and the NORM groups.

scholarly journals The influence of bracket torque on external apical root resorption in bimaxillary protrusion patients: a retrospective study

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojuan Zhang ◽  
Hong Zhou ◽  
Xiangling Liao ◽  
Yi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Root Resorption ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Maxillary Central Incisor ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Torque ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Bimaxillary Protrusion

Abstract Background To evaluate the difference in root resorption between standard torque self-ligating brackets and high torque self-ligating brackets in bimaxillary protrusion patients after orthodontic treatment. Methods Pre-treatment and post-treatment Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) of 32 patients (16 treated with the high torque DamonQ 0.022″ bracket and 16 with the 0.022″ standard torque self-ligating bracket) were selected. The first premolars were extracted from all patients before treatment. After mini-screw implants were inserted into the buccal region between the second premolar and first molar, 150 g of force was applied to retract the upper and lower anterior teeth to close the extraction space on each side. CBCT images of all patients were taken before and after treatment. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the maxillary central incisor, lateral incisor and canine was conducted with Mimics 20.0 software. The volumes of the roots were calculated using Gomagics Studio 12.0 software. The differences between the pre-treatment and post-treatment root volumes were statistically evaluated with a paired-samples t-test. Results There was no statistically significant difference in root resorption degree between the two kinds of torque brackets. The patient’s degree of root resorption in the high torque self-ligating group was greater than that in the standard torque group. Conclusions There was no significant difference in root external apical resorption between the high torque self-ligating brackets and the standard torque self-ligating brackets in bimaxillary protrusion patients.

scholarly journals Validity of a Manual Soft Tissue Profile Prediction Method Following Mandibular Setback Osteotomy

2007 ◽  
Vol 01 (04) ◽  
pp. 202-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga - Elpis Kolokitha
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
Prediction Methods ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Mandibular Prognathism ◽  
Manual Method ◽  
Mandibular Setback ◽  
Soft Tissue Profile ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms

ABSTRACTObjectives: The aim of this study was to determine the validity of a manual cephalometric method used for predicting the post-operative soft tissue profiles of patients who underwent mandibular setback surgery and compare it to a computerized cephalometric prediction method (Dentofacial Planner). Lateral cephalograms of 18 adults with mandibular prognathism taken at the end of presurgical orthodontics and approximately one year after surgery were used.Methods: To test the validity of the manual method the prediction tracings were compared to the actual post-operative tracings. The Dentofacial Planner software was used to develop the computerized post-surgical prediction tracings. Both manual and computerized prediction printouts were analyzed by using the cephalometric system PORDIOS. Statistical analysis was performed by means of t-test.Results: Comparison between manual prediction tracings and the actual post-operative profile showed that the manual method results in more convex soft tissue profiles; the upper lip was found in a more prominent position, upper lip thickness was increased and, the mandible and lower lip were found in a less posterior position than that of the actual profiles. Comparison between computerized and manual prediction methods showed that in the manual method upper lip thickness was increased, the upper lip was found in a more anterior position and the lower anterior facial height was increased as compared to the computerized prediction method.Conclusions: Cephalometric simulation of post-operative soft tissue profile following orthodonticsurgical management of mandibular prognathism imposes certain limitations related to the methods implied. However, both manual and computerized prediction methods remain a useful tool for patient communication. (Eur J Dent 2007;1:202-211)

The Treatment of Bimaxillary Protrusion

1986 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Keating
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Class I ◽  
Soft Tissue Profile ◽  
Bimaxillary Protrusion

Thirty bimaxillary protrusion cases, who had four first premolars extracted were compared with thirty Class I malocclusion cases who, likewise, had similar extractions and treatment. The changes, both in incisor relationships and the concurrent soft tissue profiles are documented. During treatment, the inter-incisal angle was increased by 20° and relapsed by 4° post-treatment. The protruberance of the soft tissue profile was significantly reduced by 4° concurrently (Holdaway Angle). It is concluded that worthwhile treatment objectives can be achieved in these cases.

scholarly journals Soft Tissue Profile after Distal Molar Movement with a Pendulum K-Loop Appliance Versus Cervical Headgear

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omur Polat-Ozsoy ◽  
Aylin Gokcelik ◽  
Ahu Güngör-Acar ◽  
Beyza Hancioglu Kircelli
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Loop Group ◽  
T Test ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Soft Tissue Profile ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Treatment Changes ◽  
Pendulum Appliance

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the soft tissue changes associated with the pendulum appliance that was supported with a K-loop buccally and to compare these treatment changes with a cervical headgear group. Materials and Methods: The records of 30 patients having skeletal Class I, dental Class II malocclusions were divided to two groups. Group 1 consisted of 7 girls, 8 boys (mean age, 15.0 ± 3.4 years), and Group 2 consisted of 10 girls, 5 boys (mean age 14.2 ± 2.9 years). The first group was treated with a pendulum appliance that was supported with a K-loop buccally, and the second group was treated with cervical headgear. Lateral cephalograms were taken at the beginning of treatment and at the end of distal molar movement. Treatment changes within the groups were analyzed using the paired t-test, and between group changes were analyzed with the independent t-test. Results: The results showed that the pendulum/K-loop appliance had no significant effect on skeletal and dental variables and soft tissue A point, upper lip thickness, and sagittal upper lip position relative to the E plane. A significant difference for the change in Vp-Ls distance was found in patients in the pendulum/K-loop group (P < .05). Patients in the cervical headgear group showed significant retrusion in skeletal, dental, and soft tissue measurements (P < .05). Conclusions: The pendulum/K-loop appliance produces distal molar movement without causing any significant changes in the sagittal or vertical positions of either the jaw or the soft tissue profile.

scholarly journals The Influence of Bracket Torque on External Apical Root Resorption in Bimaxillary Protrusion Patients: A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang Xiaojuan ◽  
Zhou Hong ◽  
Liao Xiangling ◽  
Sang Jinhua
Keyword(s):  
Root Resorption ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Clinical Work ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Maxillary Central Incisor ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Torque ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Bimaxillary Protrusion

Abstract Objectives: To evaluate the difference in root resorption between standard torque self-ligating brackets and high torque self-ligating brackets in bimaxillary protrusion patients after orthodontic treatment.Materials and Methods: Pre-treatment and post-treatment CBCT of 32 patients (16 treated with the high torque DamonQ 0.022” bracket and 16 with the 0.022” standard torque self-ligating bracket) were selected. The first premolars were extracted from all patients before treatment. After mini-screw implants were inserted into the buccal region between the second premolar and first molar, 150 g of force was applied to retract the upper and lower anterior teeth to close the extraction space on each side. CBCT images of all patients were taken before and after treatment. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the maxillary central incisor, lateral incisor and canine was conducted with Mimics 20.0 software. The volumes of the roots were calculated using Gomagics Studio 12.0 software. The differences between the pre-treatment and post-treatment root volumes were statistically evaluated with a paired-samples t-test.Results: There was no statistically significant difference in root resorption degree between the two kinds of torque brackets. The patient’s degree of root resorption in the high torque self-ligating group was greater than that in the standard torque group.Conclusions: There was no significant difference in root external apical resorption between the high torque self-ligating brackets and the standard torque self-ligating brackets in bimaxillary protrusion patients.Clinical Relevance: A comparison of the effects of different torque brackets on root resorption can provide some guidance for bracket selection in clinical work.

scholarly journals Analysis of soft tissue facial profiles of Chinese students at W.R. Supratman 1 and 2 high schools in Medan using linear and angular measurements

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Hilda Fitria Lubis ◽  
Maureen Olivia
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
School Students ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Soft Tissue Profile ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Angular Measurements ◽  
Chinese High School Students

Background: Soft tissue analysis is essential in treatment planning to ensure proportional, balanced, and harmonious soft tissue at the end of treatment. Several factors influence the variations, such as age and gender. Soft tissue profile analysis is usually studied from a lateral view. Purpose: The study aimed to determine whether there were differences in the average values of linear and angular measurement of the soft tissue profiles of the middle and lower third of the face between Chinese males and females high school students using lateral photometry. Methods: The samples were 100 lateral photographs (50 male and 50 female) of Chinese high school students at W.R. Supratman 1 and 2 in Medan. All samples were collected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria obtained from secondary data. The linear and angular measurements were measured using Software Corel Draw 2019 and analysed statistically using an independent t-test and the Mann-Whitney test. Results: The inferior facial third, length of the lower lip, and prominence of the upper lip were, on average, greater in males, whereas in the prominence of pogonion, nasolabial angles, and nasofrontal angles were greater, on average, for females. Conclusion: There were significant gender differences in Chinese high school students in the inferior facial third, length of the lower lip, prominence of the upper lip, nasolabial angle, and nasofrontal angle, whereas there is no significant difference between genders in the prominence of the pogonion.

scholarly journals Cephalometric norms for Sri Lankan Sinhalese adolescents with Class I malocclusion

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 230-234
Author(s):  
Nishanthi Vithanaarachchi ◽  
L. S. Nawarathna
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Class I ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Lower Incisor ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Soft Tissue Profile ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Different Populations

Context: Comprehensive cephalometric analysis plays a significant role in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planing and variety of cephalometric standards have been developed for different populations. It is important to develop standard cephalometric norms for different populations. Aims: The aim of this study was to develop cephalometric standards for Sri Lankan Sinhalese adolescents with Class I malocclusion and to test the hypothesis that there are racial differences in cephalometric measurements between Sri Lankan and Caucasian norms. Setting and Design: Cross sectional , hospital based, descriptive study. Materials and Methods: Lateral cephalograms were obtained from 33 males (aged 15.7 ± 1.99 years) and 42 females (aged 15.6 ± 2.29 years). Inclusion criteria were healthy individuals with normal growth and development, straight facial profile, average vertical facial proportions, full complement of dentition (excluding third molars), normal overjet and overbite, Class I incisor, canine and molar relationship, and no crossbite in the anterior/posterior region. Eight angular and four linear measurements were analyzed in skeletal, dental, and soft-tissue assessment. Statistical Analysis Used: Statistical analysis was performed using the statistical software R 3.5.0. Results: In the dentoalveolar assessment, the Sri Lankan subjects had a significantly proclined upper (UI to N-A = 23.28) and lower incisor (LI to N-B = 6.56 mm and 28.3) inclinations compared with the Caucasian norms. In the assessment of soft-tissue profile, both upper (1.66 ± 2.7mm) and lower lip (2.8 ± 2.6mm) protrusions were slightly increased than the norms of the Steiner analysis, and these findings were clinically significant. There were no apparent differences in relation to anteroposterior and vertical skeletal relationship when compared with Caucasian norms. Conclusions: The results of the present study suggested that Sri Lankan Sinhalese adolescents with Class I occlusion are likely to present greater incisor proclination than Caucasians. Key Messages: The present study suggested that Sri Lankan Sinhalese adolescents are likely to present greater incisor proclination than Caucasians in Class 1 malocclusion.

scholarly journals DENTOSKELETAL, SOFT TISSUE AND AIRWAY EFFECTS OF THE ADVANSYNC2 IN PATIENTS WITH CLASS II DIV 1 MANDIBULAR RETROGNATHISM: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Pasupureddi Keerthana ◽  
Prasad Chitra
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Nasolabial Angle ◽  
Soft Tissue Profile ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Mandibular Retrognathism

Objective: To evaluate dentoskeletal, soft tissue and airway changes in Class II malocclusion patients treated with AdvanSync2 Class II corrector in conjunction with fixed appliances. Methods: Forty-five subjects with skeletal and dental Class II malocclusion requiring fixed functional therapy were included. Pre-treatment cephalograms served as control group (Group 1), post treatment cephalograms of patients treated using AdvanSync2, as experimental group (Group 2). Changes in skeletal, dental, soft tissue profile and airway were analyzed on lateral cephalograms using 21 variables from multiple cephalometric analysis. Results were tabulated and data was analyzed using Wilcoxon signed rank test for linear parameters and paired student t test for angular parameters. Results: Maxillary skeletal and dental effects included restriction of growth, upper incisor retrusion and retroclination at p<0.001. Mandibular incisors proclined during treatment. Forward mandibular relocation was noted, though not statistically significant. Upper and lower lip repositioning was achieved, establishing lip competency. Changes in Z angle and nasolabial angle were positive, reducing facial convexity. Significant airway dimensional improvements were noted. Conclusion: AdvanSync2 Class II corrector was effective in treating skeletal Class II malocclusions with mandibular retrognathism. It produced its effects mainly through maxillary restriction and mandibular dentoalveolar changes which furthermore helped in achieving good soft tissue profiles in patients. Positive airway changes were also noted.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN ULTRASONIC TIPS AND HAND INSTRUMENTS ON THE CLINICAL PARAMETERS OF PERIODONTAL DISEASE.

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-56
Author(s):  
Avadhesh Kumar ◽  
Jaya Dixit ◽  
Nand Lal ◽  
Shalini Kaushal
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Treatment Change ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Plaque Score ◽  
Probing Pocket Depth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pi Calculus ◽  
Pre Treatment

Aims To compare hand versus ultrasonic scaling and root planning (SRP) on the clinical parameters of periodontal disease and to assess left over calculus by open flap approach. Methods and Material The study sample consisted of random selection of 30 patients with the evidence of chronic inflammatory periodontal disease. Two groups were made in each patient by split mouth design. Pre treatment measurements recorded were plaque index (PI) , calculus index(CI) and probing pocket depth(PPD). Post treatment measurements recorded were PI , PPD and left over calculus after flap elevation Results In hand instrumentation group (HIG),, mean percentage of plaque score was slightly lesser as compared to ultrasonic but not significant.. Overall mean reduction in PPD after instrumentation in HIG was greater as compared to ultrasonic, but it was not statistically significant (p>0.05). The percentage efficiency in removal of calculus of HIG was greater compared to ultrasonic but it was also not statistically significant (p>0.05). There was no significant difference between HIG and ultrasonic for number of sites with residual calculus and moreover no. of sites increased apically. Conclusions There was significant post-treatment change in the clinical parameters taken in the present clinical study in both HIG & UIG and also slightly more favourable with HIG but not statistically significant.

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