scholarly journals T1–T2 disc herniation: Report of four cases and review of the literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Rahimizadeh ◽  
Amir Hossein Zohrevand ◽  
Nima Mohseni Kabir ◽  
Naser Asgari
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Case Description ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Studies ◽  
Anterior Surgery ◽  
Full Resolution ◽  
Disc Herniations ◽  
Brown Sequard Syndrome

Background: Symptomatic T1–T2 disc herniations are rare and, in most cases, are located posterolaterally. Posterior approaches may utilize transfacet pedicle-sparing techniques, while the less frequent central/anterolateral discs may warrant anterior surgery. Case Description: Here, we reviewed four cases of symptomatic T1–T2 disc herniations; two patients were paraparetic due to central discs and underwent anterior surgery utilizing a cage construct. The latter two cases had posterolateral discs contributing to a Brown-Sequard syndrome and radiculopathy, respectively; one patient required a transfacet pedicle-sparing procedure, while the second case was managed conservatively. All surgically treated patients recovered fully. Conclusions: We reviewed 4 cervical T1–T2 disc herniations; two central/anterolateral lesions warranting anterior surgical approaches/cages, and 2 lateral discs treated with a posterolateral transfacet, pedicle-sparing procedure and no surgery respectively. Follow-up magnetic resonance studies documented full resolution for the patient with radiculopathy and a posterolateral disc.

scholarly journals Primary pediatric cerebellar gliosarcoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Syed Sarmad Bukhari ◽  
Muhammad Junaid ◽  
Ali Afzal ◽  
Anisa Kulsoom
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Case Description ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Studies ◽  
Shunt Placement ◽  
Suboccipital Craniectomy ◽  
Posterior Fossa Lesion

Background: Primary gliosarcomas of the central nervous are rare and very few have been reported in the infratentorial compartment. Here, we describe such a lesion in a 12-year-old male. Case Description: A 12-year-old male presented with headache, ataxia, and vomiting. When Magnetic resonance studies documented a posterior fossa lesion, he underwent placement of a right ventriculoperitoneal shunt followed by a suboccipital craniectomy. The lesion proved to be a primary gliosarcoma. Unfortunately, it recurred 2 years later and required repeated resection. Conclusion: Here, we reviewed the rare case of a 12-year-old male requiring shunt placement and suboccipital craniectomy for a primary gliosarcoma that recurred 2 years later.

scholarly journals Difficulty differentiating between a posterior extradural lumbar tumor versus sequestered disc even with gadolinum-enhanced MRI

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
Maurizio Passanisi ◽  
Gianluca Scalia ◽  
Paolo Palmisciano ◽  
Daniele Franceschini ◽  
Antonio Crea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disc Herniation ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Case Description ◽  
Enhanced Mri ◽  
Mri Studies ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Disc Herniations ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Mri

Background: Differentiating between posterior extradural tumors versus sequestered lumbar disc herniations may be difficult even utilizing contrast-enhanced MR scans. Case Description: A 49-year-old male acutely presented with an incomplete cauda equine syndrome. When the MRI showed a L4-L5 posterior extradural lesion that enhanced with gadolinium, an urgent left hemilaminectomy was performed. The lesion proved to be a sequestrated disc herniation rather than a tumor. Notably, postoperatively the patient almost completely recovered after 6-month follow-up. Conclusion: Even on contrast-enhanced MRI studies, posterior extradural sequestered lumbar disc herniations may mimic tumors.

Morning Glory Disc Anomaly Associated with Ipsilateral Optic Nerve and Chiasm Thickening: Three Cases and Review of the Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (06) ◽  
pp. 463-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Pinelli ◽  
Matteo Scaramuzzi ◽  
Jessica Galli ◽  
Elisa Fazzi ◽  
Cecilia Parazzini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Morning Glory ◽  
Literature Analysis ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Morning Glory Disc Anomaly

AbstractSeveral extraorbital findings have been described in morning glory disc anomaly (MGDA), including optic pathway abnormalities. We want to emphasize the importance of looking for ipsilateral optic nerve and chiasm thickening in MGDA-affected patients because we think that it may be a relevant common associated finding to date not stressed by anyone. We report three cases of clinically diagnosed unilateral MGDA in which magnetic resonance imaging revealed enlargement of the ipsilateral optic nerve and chiasm. A literature analysis was made and previously reported MGDA cases, and case series were checked, looking for described, or misunderstood similar magnetic resonance imaging findings. Three other cases with very similar prechiasmatic optic nerve and chiasm findings were identified from the literature. Two further cases are discussed as possibly characterized by similar misinterpreted magnetic resonance features. Our study broadens the constellation of intra- and extraorbital findings of MGDA. Though magnetic resonance imaging is not sufficient to determine the neuropathological substrate of this finding, clinicians and radiologists should be aware of the possible association of MGDA with ipsilateral thickening of the optic nerve and chiasm, to properly plan the clinical and imaging follow-up.

scholarly journals Spinal intramedullary epidermoid cysts: Three case presentations and literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Rahimizadeh ◽  
Guive Sharifi
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Thoracic Spine ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Spastic Paraparesis ◽  
Partial Resection ◽  
Case Description ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Epidermoid Cysts ◽  
Case Presentations

Background: True intramedullary epidermoid cysts (IECs) not associated with congenital anomalies or previous spinal procedures are extremely rare. In a review of the literature since 1992, only 29 such cases have been reported. Here, we add three new cases in this category. Case Description: Three adults presented with spastic paraparesis attributed to thoracic IECs. Gross total microsurgical removal was achieved in two cases, while one case was a partial resection due to capsular adherence to the cord. In all three cases, patients sustained complete recoveries of neurological function and remained symptom free for an average of 5 years follow-up. Conclusion: IECs are rare lesions; here, the three located in the thoracic spine, contributed to slow, progressive spastic paraparesis with/without incontinence, and resolved following total (2 patients) and partial (1 patient) resection.

Multistage surgical repair for split notochord syndrome with neuroenteric fistula: case report

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mansour Mathkour ◽  
Tyler Scullen ◽  
Brendan Huang ◽  
Cassidy Werner ◽  
Edna E. Gouveia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Case Description ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Unique Case ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Split notochord syndrome (SNS) is a rare congenital defect of the central nervous system and has been associated with several anomalies affecting multiple organ systems. One association has been communication with the gastrointestinal tract and the spine, previously identified as a neuroenteric fistula (NEF). Here, the authors describe the unique case of a female infant with SNS and NEF treated with a multistage surgical repair. The three-stage operative plan included a two-stage repair of the defect and temporary subgaleal shunting followed by delayed ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement. The infant recovered well postsurgery and over a 5-year follow-up. A case description, surgical techniques, and rationale are reported. Additionally, a systematic review of the literature utilizing the MEDLINE database was performed.Treatment of SNS with NEF using a multidisciplinary multistaged approach to repair the intestinal defect, close the neural elements, and divert cerebrospinal fluid to the peritoneum is shown to be a safe and viable option for future cases.

The Contralateral Transfalcine Transprecuneus Approach to the Atrium of the Lateral Ventricle

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Xie ◽  
Chongjing Sun ◽  
Xiaobiao Zhang ◽  
Wei Zhu ◽  
Jianping Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Lateral Ventricle ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Operative Techniques ◽  
Preoperative Symptom ◽  
Neurological Outcomes ◽  
Visual Deficits ◽  
Cancer Lesion

Abstract BACKGROUND Surgical approaches to the atrium of the lateral ventricle remain a challenging neurosurgical issue because of the eloquent nature of the surrounding anatomy. OBJECTIVE To report our operative techniques and preliminary surgical results with the contralateral transfalcine transprecuneus approach. METHODS A retrospective data review was performed of patients undergoing a contralateral transfalcine transprecuneus approach for the resection of lesions in the atrium of the lateral ventricle. Patients were positioned in the prone position with a 30° elevation, and a 15° rotation was used. After a contralateral parasagittal parieto-occipital craniotomy and falx incision, the corticotomy in the contralateral precuneus gyrus created a corridor to the tumor. An endoscope was used to assist with the surgery. RESULTS Headache was the primary preoperative symptom, which improved in all patients after surgery. After treatment, symptoms were improved in all 3 patients with hemiparesis and in 3 of 6 patients with preexisting visual deficits; symptoms were unchanged in the other 3 patients with visual deficits during the 13- to 38-month follow-up. Nine lesions were totally removed, and 1 metastatic breast cancer lesion was subtotally removed; all patients had good neurological outcomes and no operative mortality. CONCLUSION The contralateral transfalcine transprecuneus approach is appropriate for most lesions in the atrium of the lateral ventricle. It provides a wider surgical angle (especially for the lateral extension) and reduces the risk of disturbance of the optic radiation compared with the conventional approaches. The use of magnetic resonance venography-magnetic resonance imaging neuronavigation makes the procedure much easier and more accurate, and the neuroendoscope adds to the visualization of the microscope and can reduce surgical complications.

scholarly journals Optic nerve sheath meningioma endoscopic endonasal surgical management

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Igor Paredes ◽  
José Antonio Fernandez Alén ◽  
Alfredo García ◽  
Esther García ◽  
Alfonso Lagares
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Case Description ◽  
Endoscopic Endonasal ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
First Case ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath Meningioma

Background: Meningiomas of the optic sheath have been traditionally treated with radiotherapy, among other reasons, because of the poor results in terms of visual preservation of the open surgical approaches. Case Description: Two cases of optic nerve meningioma were operated through an endoscopic endonasal expanded approach due to rapidly progressing visual deterioration and doubtful diagnosis. In the first case an exclusively bone decompression was performed. In the second one a partial resection of the intradural portion and complete opening of the dural sheath was undertaken. In both cases visual acuity remained stable without further treatment for the 2 years follow up. Conclusions: Endoscopic endonasal decompression of the optic nerve by removal of the optic canal and opening of the optic sheath is safe. This approach is feasible for optic sheath meningioma. This treatment might be considered as an option in patients with rapidly deteriorating visual acuity.

scholarly journals Cálculos em glândulas salivares: uma revisão crítica da literatura

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
José Lucas Soares Ferreira ◽  
Ingrid Carneiro Cavalcante Souto ◽  
Emanuelle Ferreira Alves ◽  
Heloísa Mara Batista Fernandes de Oliveira ◽  
Maria Angélica Satyro Gomes Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Amorphous Substance ◽  
X Ray

O presente estudo objetiva realizar uma revisão critica da literatura sobre sialólitos do ponto de vista de desenvolvimento, etiologia, sintomatologia, diagnóstico e tratamento. Os sialólitos são calcificações que obstruem o interior das glândulas salivares ou o interior de seus ductos, compostos por um núcleo de substância amorfa envolto de íons provenientes da saliva. A sialolitíase é a doença mais comum das glândulas salivares, possui uma predileção por homens de meia idade. Os sialólitos são mais relatados nas glândulas submandibulares por suas características anatômicas e pelas características da saliva excretada. Sabe-se muito pouco sobre a etiologia real da doença, porém são elencados como predisponentes a anatomia da glândula e seu ducto e a composição da saliva excretada. Os métodos de diagnósticos mais utilizados são a radiografia oclusal e panorâmica, mas atualmente os exames imaginológicos como a tomografia computadorizada, ressonância magnética e ultra-som vêm ganhando espaço na odontologia. Os métodos de tratamento variam conforme os aspectos cínicos do caso variando de métodos conservadores como a ordenha e manipulação da glândula até tratamentos mais invasivos como acessos cirúrgicos intra ou extra-orais.Salivary glands stones: a critical review of the literatureAbstract: This study aims to conduct a critical review of the literature on sialolith the viewpoint of development, etiology, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. The sialolith calcifications are obstructing the interior of the salivary glands or within their ducts, comprising a core of amorphous substance wrapped ions from saliva. The sialolithiasis is the most common disease of the salivary glands, has a predilection for middle-aged men. The sialoliths are more reported in the submandibular glands by their anatomical characteristics and the characteristics of excreted saliva. We know very little about the actual etiology of the disease, but are listed as predisposing the anatomy of the gland and its duct and the composition of the secreted saliva. The methods most commonly used diagnostics are the occlusal and panoramic x-ray, but currently the imaging tests such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance and ultrasound are gaining space in dentistry. Treatment methods vary cynics aspects case ranging from conservative methods such as the milking and handling of the gland to more invasive treatments such as intra- or extra-oral surgical approaches.

scholarly journals Transforaminal Approach in Thoracal Disc Pathologies: Transforaminal Microdiscectomy Technique

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sedat Dalbayrak ◽  
Onur Yaman ◽  
Kadir Öztürk ◽  
Mesut Yılmaz ◽  
Mahmut Gökdağ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Minimal Invasive ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
Transforaminal Approach ◽  
Minimal Invasive Approach ◽  
Disc Herniations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Thoracic Disc

Objective. Many surgical approaches have been defined and implemented in the last few decades for thoracic disc herniations. The endoscopic foraminal approach in foraminal, lateral, and far lateral disc hernias is a contemporary minimal invasive approach. This study was performed to show that the approach is possible using the microscope without an endoscope, and even the intervention on the discs within the spinal canal is possible by having access through the foramen.Methods.Forty-two cases with disc hernias in the medial of the pedicle were included in this study; surgeries were performed with transforaminal approach and microsurgically. Extraforaminal disc hernias were not included in the study. Access was made through the Kambin triangle, foramen was enlarged, and spinal canal was entered.Results.The procedure took 65 minutes in the average, and the mean bleeding amount was about 100cc. They were mobilized within the same day postoperatively. No complications were seen. Follow-up periods range between 5 and 84 months, and the mean follow-up period is 30.2 months.Conclusion.Transforaminal microdiscectomy is a method that can be performed in any clinic with standard spinal surgery equipment. It does not require additional equipment or high costs.

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