Feed Intake and Digestion by Beef Cows Fed Prairie Hay with Different Levels of Soybean Meal and Receiving Postruminal Administration of Antibiotics

The study was conducted in the poultry field in the Animal Production Department/ College of Agriculture and Forestry/ University of Mosul, for the period from 18/ 2/ 2020 until 13/ 4/ 2020. The experiment aimed to study the effect of replacement different levels of sesame meal (SSM) as a protein source to replace soybean meal (SBM) on the productive performance and reproductive of laying quail, 360 quail birds (240 females and 120 males) were used, at the age of 49 days, distributed randomly into five treatments, each treatment with eight replicates, ( 9 birds in each replicate 6 females and 3 males). The treatments were as follows: the first was the control (0% SSM), the second, third, fourth, and the fifth replaced SSM by SBM with level (25, 50, 75 and 100%) respectively, feed and water was ad libitum during the trial period of 8 weeks. The results of the statistical analysis showed there is a significant statistical difference at a level (P≤0.05) in the fifth treatment (100% SSM) as compared to control and other treatments in total egg number, average egg weight, total egg mass, Hen day egg production percentage (% HD), feed intake, feed conversion ratio, fertility, and hatching percentage of total eggs, average weight of hatched chicks, and a significant increase in the embryo mortality. The results also showed a significant decrease at a level (P≤0.05) in the feed intake for the fourth treatment (75% SSM) compared to the control, while no significant differences were observed for the other treatments in all the studied traits. The results of this study showed the possibility of using sesame meal as a protein source at (75%) to replace soybean meal in laying quail bird diets.

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EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF TOWER RAPESEED MEAL IN CORN-SOYBEAN MEAL BASED DIETS ON GROWING-FINISHING PIG PERFORMANCE

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas81-029 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

pp. 213-216 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

R. NARENDRAN ◽

G. H. BOWMAN ◽

S. LEESON ◽

W. PFEIFFER

Keyword(s):

Soybean Meal ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Rapeseed Meal ◽

Backfat Thickness ◽

Gain Ratio ◽

Finishing Pig ◽

Pig Performance ◽

Daily Gain ◽

Different Levels

Ninety-six Yrokshire barrows and gilts were fed six, isonitrogenous, isoenergetic corn-soybean meal based diets containing 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%, respectively, of Tower rapeseed meal (RSM) during the growing-finishing period. There were no differences (P < 0.05) in average daily gain, feed intake, feed to gain ratio, backfat thickness and dressing percentage due to treatment.

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Evaluation of the optimal standardized ileal digestible tryptophan:lysine ratio in lactating sow diets

Translational Animal Science ◽

10.2527/tas2017.0059 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 526-532

Author(s):

L. Greiner ◽

C. Neill ◽

G.L. Allee ◽

K. J. Touchette ◽

J. Connor

Keyword(s):

Soybean Meal ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Quadratic Model ◽

Feed System ◽

Lactating Sow ◽

Distiller’S Grain ◽

Different Levels ◽

Distiller's Grain

Abstract Three hundred and fifteen primiparous and multiparous sows were evaluated in a study to determine the effect of standardized ileal digestible (SID) Trp:Lys ratio in lactating sow diets. Camborough sows (PIC USA, Hendersonville, TN) ranging from first parity to eighth parity were blocked by parity and randomly allotted to 1 of 4 experimental diets containing different levels of added L-Trp (0.006, 0.026, 0.045, and 0.064%, respectively) while soybean meal, 30% corn dried distiller's grain with solubles (DDGS), and L-Lys levels were held constant. The SID Lys level for the rations was 0.95% so that the SID Trp:Lys ratios were formulated to be 14, 16, 18, and 20%, respectively. All diets were formulated to have 3.2 Mcal ME/kg and to contain vitamins and minerals that exceeded NRC (1998) recommendations. Sows were fed twice a day with a Howema computerized feed system and were allowed a maximum intake (5.9 kg/d). Average daily feed intake had a tendency to be quadratically improved when the SID ratio was increased (5.11, 5.28, 5.24, 5.21 kg/d, P = 0.09). In addition, sow wean to estrus (6.71, 5.53, 5.58, 6.33, P < 0.02) was quadratically improved as SID Trp:Lys ratio increased. Percent of sows bred by 10 d (84.39, 90.82, 90.28, 90.61) was not linearly (P = 0.25) or quadratically (P = 0.40) improved. There was no difference in litter gain (2.44, 2.52, 2.60, 2.57 kg/d, P = 0.16). Based on a broken-line quadratic model, when sows are fed 30% DDGS, the SID Trp:Lys ratio of 17.6 is required for optimal sow average daily feed intake and 17.2 for wean to estrus interval.

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Effect of Excess Metabolizable Protein Supplementation from Corn Gluten Meal or Soybean Meal on Plasma Amino Acid Concentrations of Beef Cows Consuming Low Quality Forage

10.31274/ans_air-180814-412 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Taylor Grussing ◽

Allison Meyer ◽

Patrick J. Gunn

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Soybean Meal ◽

Beef Cows ◽

Protein Supplementation ◽

Plasma Amino Acid ◽

Corn Gluten Meal ◽

Metabolizable Protein ◽

Corn Gluten ◽

Amino Acid Concentrations

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Influence of Residual Feed Intake and Cow Age on Dry Matter Intake Post-Weaning and Peak Lactation of Black Angus Cows

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11061822 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1822

Author(s):

Cory T. Parsons ◽

Julia M. Dafoe ◽

Samuel A. Wyffels ◽

Timothy DelCurto ◽

Darrin L. Boss

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Free Choice ◽

Residual Feed Intake ◽

Beef Cows ◽

Age Effect ◽

Dry Matter Intake ◽

Intake Rate ◽

Two Stages

We evaluated heifer post-weaning residual feed intake (RFI) classification and cow age on dry matter intake (DMI) at two stages of production. Fifty-nine non-lactating, pregnant, (Study 1) and fifty-four lactating, non-pregnant (Study 2) commercial black Angus beef cows were grouped by age and RFI. Free-choice, hay pellets were fed in a GrowSafe feeding system. In Study 1, cow DMI (kg/d) and intake rate (g/min) displayed a cow age effect (p < 0.01) with an increase in DMI and intake rate with increasing cow age. In Study 2, cow DMI (kg/d) and intake rate (g/min) displayed a cow age effect (p < 0.02) with an increase in DMI and intake rate with increasing cow age. Milk production displayed a cow age × RFI interaction (p < 0.01) where both 5–6-year-old and 8–9-year-old low RFI cows produced more milk than high RFI cows. For both studies, intake and intake behavior were not influenced by RFI (p ≥ 0.16) or cow age × RFI interaction (p ≥ 0.21). In summary, heifer’s post-weaning RFI had minimal effects on beef cattle DMI or intake behavior, however, some differences were observed in milk production.

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132 Performance response of the grow-finish pig (38 to 142 kg) fed different levels of tryptophan:lysine in diets containing 40% dry distiller grains with solubles

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skaa278.203 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽

pp. 110-111

Author(s):

David A Clizer ◽

Paul Cline ◽

Brent Frederick ◽

Ryan S Samuel

Keyword(s):

South Dakota ◽

Soybean Meal ◽

Carcass Weight ◽

State University ◽

Research Facility ◽

Performance Response ◽

Improved Performance ◽

Dietary Treatments ◽

Swine Diets ◽

Different Levels

Abstract Dried distiller grains with solubles (DDGS) is a popular protein source in grow-finish swine diets to replace soybean meal. An experiment was conducted at the South Dakota State University commercial swine research facility to determine the effect of standardized ileal digestible (SID) Trp:Lys ratio in grow-finish swine diets containing 40% DDGS compared to a standard corn-soybean meal diet. A total of 1,170 pigs (38.6 ± 0.2 kg initial BW) were utilized in a 98-d trial (9 pens per treatment). Pens of pigs were randomly allotted to 1 of 4 DDGS dietary treatments providing SID Trp at 15, 18, 21, and 24% of Lys or a corn-soybean meal diet (18%). Diets were isocaloric, with lysine at 100% of the requirement. From d 0 to 82, increasing Trp:Lys ratio in DDGS diets improved (P < 0.01) BW, ADG, and ADFI with no effect on F:G. Pigs fed the corn-soybean meal diet had greater (P < 0.01) BW, ADG, ADFI, and F:G compared to the DDGS diets with the exception of the ADFI of the 24% Trp:Lys treatment. From d 82 to 98, increasing SID Trp:Lys in DDGS diets had no effect on performance. Overall (d 0 to 98), increasing SID Trp:Lys in DDGS diets increased (P < 0.02) final BW and ADG, but pigs failed to perform to the same degree as the corn-soybean meal diet. Increasing SID Trp:Lys in DDGS diets resulted in an increase in hot carcass weight (P < 0.01); however, diets containing DDGS had decreased (P < 0.02) hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, percent lean, and loin depth compared to pigs fed the corn-soybean meal diet. These results indicate that increasing the SID Trp:Lys in diets containing 40% DDGS improved performance in early grow-finish phases with no effect in late finishing, but performance was inferior to standard corn-soybean meal diets.

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127 Predicting Dry Matter Intake of Gestating and Lactating Beef Cows

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skz397.132 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 58-58

Author(s):

Megan A Gross ◽

Claire Andresen ◽

Amanda Holder ◽

Alexi Moehlenpah ◽

Carla Goad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Beef Cattle ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Beef Cows ◽

Multiple Regression Equation ◽

Validation Data ◽

Data Set ◽

Lactating Cows ◽

Downward Bias ◽

Protein Supply

Abstract In 1996, the NASEM beef cattle committee developed and published an equation to estimate cow feed intake using results from studies conducted or published between 1979 and 1993 (Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle). The same equation was recommended for use in the most recent version of this publication (2016). The equation is sensitive to cow weight, diet digestibility and milk yield. Our objective was to validate the accuracy of this equation using more recent published and unpublished data. Criteria for inclusion in the validation data set included projects conducted or published within the last ten years, direct measurement of forage intake, adequate protein supply, and pen feeding (no tie stall or metabolism crate data). The validation data set included 29 treatment means for gestating cows and 26 treatment means for lactating cows. Means for the gestating cow data set was 11.4 ± 1.9 kg DMI, 599 ± 77 kg BW, 1.24 ± 0.14 Mcal/kg NEm per kg of feed and lactating cow data set was 14.5 ± 2.0 kg DMI, 532 ± 116.3 kg BW, and 1.26 ± 0.24 Mcal NEm per kg feed, respectively. Non intercept models were used to determine equation accuracy in predicting validation data set DMI. The slope for linear bias in the NASEM gestation equation did not differ from 1 (P = 0.07) with a 3.5% positive bias. However, when the NASEM equation was used to predict DMI in lactating cows, the slope for linear bias significantly differed from 1 (P < 0.001) with a downward bias of 13.7%. Therefore, a new multiple regression equation was developed from the validation data set: DMI= (-4.336 + (0.086427 (BW^.75) + 0.3 (Milk yield)+6.005785(NEm)), (R-squared=0.84). The NASEM equation for gestating beef cows was reasonably accurate while the lactation equation underestimated feed intake.

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EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVEL OF TRIDAX PROCUMBENS ON PERFORMANCE OF LAYERS

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v26i1.2980 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. 53-56

Author(s):

A. O. Fanimo ◽

A. B. J. Aina ◽

E. B. Oguntona

Keyword(s):

Feed Intake ◽

Egg Production ◽

Colour Intensity ◽

Egg Weight ◽

Tridax Procumbens ◽

Different Levels

Two experiments were conducted concurrently to assess the effect of different levels of fresh and dry Tridax procumbens on performance of layers. 720 Hbbard layers were grouped into 6 treatments of 60 birds per treatment in each experiment. The treatment in consisted of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10% inclusion rates of fresh and dry Tridax procumbens in first and second experiments, respectively. Tridax leaves, irrespective of the form and level had no significantly (P > 0.05) effect on egg production, egg weight and feed intake. Inclusion of Tridax either in fresh or dry form increased (P < 0.05) yolk colour, while the yolk colour intensity was more pronounced (P < 0.05) in the dry Tridax than the fresh Tridax experiment.

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