scholarly journals DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION SYNDROME AND SEPSIS-INDUCED COAGULOPATHY

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-38
Author(s):  
S. O. Tarasenko ◽  
S. O. Dubrov ◽  
G. G. Suslov
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Current State

The clinical manifestations of disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome (DIC) depend on the predominance of the sum of the vectors of hypercoagulation and hyperfibrinolysis and are strongly associated with the underlying disease, against which DIC is formed. The issue of understanding the complex pathogenesis, timely diagnosis of overt DIC and early manifestations of DIC remain an urgent challenge for intensive care physicians and leading specialized societies to study the problems of hemostasis and thrombus formation. This review of the literature analyzes the pathways of DIC development, the current state of the possibility of using diagnostic markers to detect DIC, especially in sepsis. The diagnosis of sepsis-induced coagulopathy against the background of the development of multiple organ failure is highlighted as a separate issue. Diagnostic scales are presented in the form of comparative tables for a more convenient perception of information, memorization and further implementation in clinical practice.

Disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-40
Author(s):  
A. Kulikov
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Physical State ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Hemostatic Disorder

Presented material reveals main links in the pathogenesis of hemostatic disorder. In particular, attention is paid to the role of the lungs, liver and other organs in the development of this process. Role of vascular wall and blood cells in regulation of the physical state of blood is described in detail. The most frequent factors leading to hypercoagulation are indicated. Difference between hypercoagulation and thrombophilia is shown. The latter is found in clinical practice quite often, but at the same time, it is poorly diagnosed. Such a terrible complication of hemostatic disorder as disseminated intravascular coagulation is described. Its classification, stages of development, clinical manifestations are offered to the readers.

Presepsin (sCD14-ST) as a biomarker of sepsis in clinical practice and in emergency department: a mini review

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Kemal Erenler ◽  
Turker Yardan
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Critical Care ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Kidney Failure ◽  
Protein Complexes ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Lps Binding

AbstractPresepsin is a 13-kDa protein that is a fragment of CD14 with truncated N-terminal, the receptor for lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/LPS-binding protein complexes. It is a novel marker being sought in many diseases such as sepsis, kidney failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation, etc. In this review, we aimed to clarify its utility in critical diseases and availability in critical care settings such as emergency departments and intensive care units.

Disseminated intravascular coagulation in meningococcal sepsis

2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (03) ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Zeerleder ◽  
R. Zürcher Zenklusen ◽  
C. E. Hack ◽  
W. A. Wuillemin
Keyword(s):  
Organ Dysfunction ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Skin Necrosis ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Meningococcal Sepsis ◽  
Multiple Organ Dysfunction ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Therapeutic Concepts ◽  
New Therapeutic Concepts ◽  
Coagulation And Fibrinolysis

SummaryWe report on a man (age: 49 years), who died from severe meningococcal sepsis with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and extended skin necrosis. We discuss in detail the pathophysiology of the activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis during sepsis. The article discusses new therapeutic concepts in the treatment of disseminated intravascular coagulation in meningococcal sepsis, too.

scholarly journals Attempt to Develop Rat Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Model Using Yamakagashi (Rhabdophis tigrinus) Venom Injection

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Akihiko Yamamoto ◽  
Takashi Ito ◽  
Toru Hifumi
Keyword(s):  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Clinical Condition ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Fibrinogen Concentration ◽  
Blood Coagulation Factors ◽  
Fixed Amount ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Measurement Limit ◽  
Human Pathology ◽  
Rhabdophis Tigrinus

Disseminated intravascular coagulation, a severe clinical condition caused by an underlying disease, involves a markedly continuous and widespread activation of coagulation in the circulating blood and the formation of numerous microvascular thrombi. A snakebite, including that of the Yamakagashi (Rhabdophis tigrinus), demonstrates this clinical condition. Thus, an animal model using Yamakagashi venom was constructed. Yamakagashi venom was administered to rats, and its lethality and the changes in blood coagulation factors were detected after venom injection. When 300 μg venom was intramuscularly administered to 12-week-old rats, (1) they exhibited hematuria with plasma hemolysis and died within 48 h; (2) Thrombocytopenia in the blood was observed in the rats; (3) irreversible prolongation of prothrombin time in the plasma to the measurement limit occurred; (4) fibrinogen concentration in the plasma irreversibly decreased below the measurement limit; and (5) A transient increase in the plasma concentration of D-dimer was observed. In this model, a fixed amount of Rhabdophis tigrinus venom injection resulted in the clinical symptom similar to the human pathology with snakebite. The use of the rat model is very effective in validating the therapeutic effect of human disseminated intravascular coagulation condition due to snakebite.

Dyspnea in Aging Rats Due to Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 505-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Carthew ◽  
P. Aldred ◽  
R. J. Hill ◽  
J. Riley ◽  
R. E. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Fibrinolytic System ◽  
Mycoplasma Pulmonis ◽  
Aging Rats ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Rat Lungs

During an 18-month oncogenicity study using rats, approximately 10% of the animals developed a form of respiratory distress very similar to that seen in the terminal stages of chronic respiratory disease, commonly associated with Mycoplasma pulmonis infection. Investigation of the lungs of the affected rats revealed not only that they did not have the consolidation usually associated with chronic respiratory disease, but they also appeared macroscopically normal. Further investigation of a number of cases revealed systemic intravascular thrombus formation of the type usually referred to as disseminated intravascular coagulation. Using an antiserum to fibrin we have demonstrated the presence of intravascular fibrin deposits in the lungs of the affected rats and have shown them to be the same as experimentally induced intravascular fibrin deposits induced in rat lungs by the administration of thrombin after blocking the fibrinolytic system. This is the first example of such a phenomenon being recorded in aging rats.

scholarly journals Simvastatin improves the prognosis of endotoxin-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation by regulating the intestinal microenvironment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Xu ◽  
Lili Luo ◽  
Mengyi Du ◽  
Lu Tang ◽  
Jie Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Translocation ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Coagulation Dysfunction

Abstract Background: Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is characterized by extensive endothelial injury and coagulation activation that is primarily caused by infection and can be aggravated by the gut due to increased permeability and bacterial translocation. Studies have shown that statins play an important role in reducing inflammation, protecting the endothelium and improving coagulation. In addition, statins regulate tight junction (TJ) proteins and gut microbes. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether simvastatin improves DIC prognosis by regulating the intestinal microenvironment. Methods: Mice were administered 20 mg/kg simvastatin by gavage for 2 weeks and then intraperitoneally injected with 50 mg/kg endotoxin. Twelve hours later, cytokine release, coagulation dysfunction, multiple organ damage and survival were assessed. In addition, intestinal barrier and permeability and bacteria and bacteria translocation were evaluated. Results: We found that the severity of endotoxin-induced DIC was significantly improved in simvastatin-pretreated mice, who showed attenuated depletion of coagulation factors and platelets, decreased plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) expression, reduced organ fibrin deposition and an improved survival rate. In addition, simvastatin reduced epithelial apoptosis, increased TJ gene expression, and upregulated antimicrobial peptides, lysozyme and mucins. Simvastatin-pretreated mice showed increased Lactobacillales counts, while the LPS group had increased numbers of Desulfovibrio and Mucispirillum, which produce harmful toxins and damage the intestinal epithelium and mucosa. Finally, with the decreased intestinal permeability in the simvastatin group, bacterial translocation in the organs and blood was significantly reduced, both in quantity and species. Conclusions: Simvastatin improves DIC prognosis, and the intestinal microenvironment participates in this process.

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