scholarly journals AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS: MORPHOLOGICAL ASPECTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
V. M. Tsyrkunov ◽  
◽  
N. I. Prokopchik ◽  
V. P. Andreev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Autoimmune Hepatitis ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Morphological Aspects

The review presents literature data on the main pathomorphological features of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and the findings of light and electron microscopy in the form of photographs and descriptions of different variants of hepatic morphological changes in patients with AIH. Updates to the sections of the AIH classification concerning the etiology and origin of AIH are suggested, clinical examples are given with a description of the morphology features according to the classification specified by the authors.

scholarly journals Ultrastructural analysis of the spermatogenesis in the guinea pig (Cavia porcellus)

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana S. Simões ◽  
Rose E.G. Rici ◽  
Phelipe O. Favaron ◽  
Taís Harumi de Castro Sasahara ◽  
Rodrigo S.N. Barreto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Sexual Development ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Cavia Porcellus ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Transmission Electron

Abstract: al for both, the establishment of appropriate management systems, and for the use of new species as animal models. In this study, we used light and electron microscopy to characterize the sexual development stages of the guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) in specimens of 30, 45 and 90 days of age. We observed the differentiation of spermatocytes only through transmission electron microscopy in the leptotene, zygotene and pachytene phases of meiosis, in 30-day-old animals. During puberty, there was differentiation of the germinative epithelium and formation of the acrosome. Spermatozoa, however, were not detected. Thus, we could infer that puberty happens after 45 days of age. Sexual maturity was evident in 90-day-old specimens. Our results showed that changes in the testicular germinative epithelium during the postnatal sexual development in guinea pig led to morphological changes, including the ones related to the development of Leydig and Sertoli cells, which are directly related to puberty. In this work, we provide new morphological subsidies for a better understanding of reproductive parameters of this species, enabling its use as an animal model in the field of the reproductive biology.

scholarly journals Light and electron microscopy characteristics of the muscle of patients with SURF1 gene mutations associated with Leigh disease

2007 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 460-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Pronicki ◽  
E Matyja ◽  
D Piekutowska-Abramczuk ◽  
T Szymańska-Dębińska ◽  
A Karkucińska-Więckowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Leigh Syndrome ◽  
Typical Feature ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Consistent Feature ◽  
Muscle Changes

Aims:Leigh syndrome (LS) is characterised by almost identical brain changes despite considerable causal heterogeneity. SURF1 gene mutations are among the most frequent causes of LS. Although deficiency of cytochrome c oxidase (COX) is a typical feature of the muscle in SURF1-deficient LS, other abnormalities have been rarely described. The aim of the present work is to assess the skeletal muscle morphology coexisting with SURF1 mutations from our own research and in the literature.Methods:Muscle samples from 21 patients who fulfilled the criteria of LS and SURF1 mutations (14 homozygotes and 7 heterozygotes of c.841delCT) were examined by light and electron microscopy.Results:Diffuse decreased activity or total deficit of COX was revealed histochemically in all examined muscles. No ragged red fibres (RRFs) were seen. Lipid accumulation and fibre size variability were found in 14 and 9 specimens, respectively. Ultrastructural assessment showed several mitochondrial abnormalities, lipid deposits, myofibrillar disorganisation and other minor changes. In five cases no ultrastructural changes were found. Apart from slight correlation between lipid accumulation shown by histochemical and ultrastructural techniques, no other correlations were revealed between parameters investigated, especially between severity of morphological changes and the patient’s age at the biopsy.Conclusion:Histological and histochemical features of muscle of genetically homogenous SURF1-deficient LS were reproducible in detection of COX deficit. Minor muscle changes were not commonly present. Also, ultrastructural abnormalities were not a consistent feature. It should be emphasised that SURF1-deficient muscle assessed in the light and electron microscopy panel may be interpreted as normal if COX staining is not employed.

Morphological Aspects of the Traumatic Chronic Subdural Hematoma Capsule: SEM Studies

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Moskała ◽  
Igor Gościński ◽  
Józef Kałuża ◽  
Jarosław Polak ◽  
Mariusz Krupa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Chronic Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Morphological Aspects ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Scanning Electron

The morphology of the outer and inner membranes of traumatic chronic subdural hematomas (CSDHs) surgically removed from eight patients was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Hematomas were divided into three groups based on time that had passed from the initiation of trauma to surgery. Structure of the CSDHs showed gradual morphological changes of the developing hematoma capsule. They initially included angiogenic and aseptic inflammatory reactions followed by progressive involvement of fibroblasts—proliferating and producing collagen fibrils. Numerous capillaries suggesting formation of new blood vessels were observed mainly in young hematomas removed between 15 and 21 days after trauma. In “older” hematomas (40 days after trauma), more numerous capillaries and thin-walled sinusoids were accompanied by patent, larger diameter blood vessels. Within the fibrotic outer membrane of the “oldest” hematoma capsules (60 or more days after trauma), especially in the area over the hematoma cavity, blood vessels were frequently occluded by clots. The results suggest dynamic changes in cellular and vascular organization of traumatic CSDH capsules paralleling the progression in hematoma age.

Endodermal formation in blastocytes of the marsupials Isoodon macrousus and Perameles nasuta

1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 207 ◽  
Author(s):  
DE Hollis ◽  
AG Lyne
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Outer Surface ◽  
Zona Pellucida ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Didelphis Virginiana ◽  
Continuous Layer ◽  
Shell Membrane ◽  
American Opossum ◽  
Embryonic Region

Eleven embryos, ranging from partly to fully bilaminar blastocysts, were obtained from the bandicoots I. macrourus and P. nasuta and were examined by light and electron microscopy. The morphological changes which occurred during the differentiation of the endoderm and ectoderm are described. The shell membrane was thinner than it was in unilaminar blastocysts and had a deposit of material of irregular thickness on its outer surface. The mucoid coat and zona pellucida were absent or discontinuous. Endoderm formation was first observed in blastocysts about 1.0 mm in diameter. Cells migrated inwards from regions of thickened protoderm to form a continuous layer of similar flattened cells - the endoderm - beneath the protoderm, which then became the ectoderm. The blastocysts were fully bilaminar when they were 1.5-1.9 mm in diameter. At this stage the ectoderm was composed of two distinct regions, an embryonic region of cuboidal cells and a non-embryonic region of flattened cells resembling the cells of the endoderm. The formation of the endoderm in bandicoots closely resembles that described in other marsupials, except the American opossum Didelphis virginiana in which endoderm cells are released into the blastocoele before they form a continuous layer.

Glomerulonephropathies in Plasmodium inui-infected rhesus monkey: a primate model and possible applications for human quartan malaria

Parasitology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 141 (12) ◽  
pp. 1638-1645 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. F. NIMRI ◽  
H. N. LANNERS
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Rhesus Monkey ◽  
Mesangial Cells ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Primate Model ◽  
Nephritic Syndrome ◽  
Plasmodium Inui

SUMMARYNone of the few animal models proposed for the study of human quartan malaria nephritic syndrome have shown complete pathological findings that are similar to those seen in humans. This study investigated the histopathological changes in kidneys in 10 Plasmodium inui infected Macaca mulatta monkeys by light and electron microscopy in order to develop a suitable animal model for human quartan malaria. Ten healthy adult rhesus monkeys were infected with P. inui and clinical chemistry and haematologic tests were done before and after infection. A renal biopsy sample was collected before infection as a baseline control and another biopsy was collected after infection. Histopathological changes examined by light and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed abnormalities in all infected monkeys to variable degrees. Several electron-dense discrete or diffused mesangial deposits, and increase in mesangial cells and matrix were associated with the morphological changes observed by light microscope. This pattern is consistent with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type reported in humans infected with Plasmodium malariae. Results strongly support that the P. inui-infected rhesus monkey develop an immune-complex-mediated glomerulonephritis in the course of the infection. Therefore, this experimental model represents a useful tool to better understand the different parameters and the consequences of quartan malaria infections comparable to situations in humans.

scholarly journals Relationships between Intraocular Pressure, Effective Filtration Area and Morphological Changes in the Trabecular Meshwork of Steroid-Induced Ocular Hypertensive Mouse Eyes

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 854
Author(s):  
Ruiyi Ren ◽  
Anne A. Humphrey ◽  
David L. Swain ◽  
Haiyan Gong
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Trabecular Meshwork ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Fluorescent Tracers ◽  
Filtration Area ◽  
The Mean

We investigated whether an inverse relationship exists between intraocular pressure (IOP) and effective filtration area (EFA) in the trabecular meshwork (TM) in a steroid-induced ocular hypertensive (SIOH) mouse model and the morphological changes associated with the reduction of EFA. C57BL/6 mice (n = 15 per group) received either 0.1% dexamethasone (DEX) or saline eye drops twice daily for five weeks. IOP was measured weekly. Fluorescent tracers were injected into the anterior chamber to label EFA at the endpoint. Injected eyes were fixed and processed for confocal microscopy. EFA in the TM was analyzed. Light and electron microscopy were performed in high- and low-tracer regions of six eyes per group. The mean IOP was ~4 mm Hg higher in DEX-treated than saline-treated control eyes (p < 0.001) at the endpoint. EFA was reduced in DEX-treated eyes compared to controls (p < 0.01) and negatively correlated with IOP (R2 = 0.38, p = 0.002). Reduced thickness of juxtacanalicular tissue (JCT) and increased abnormal extracellular matrix in the JCT were found to be associated with reduced EFA. Our data confirm the inverse relationship between EFA and IOP, suggesting that morphological changes in the JCT contribute to the reduction of EFA, thus elevating IOP in SIOH mouse eyes.

Morphological Changes in Lipodermatosclerosis and Venous Ulcers: Light Microscopy, Immunohistochemistry and Electron Microscopy

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Tronnier ◽  
W. Schmeller ◽  
H. H. Wolff
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Immunoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Type Iv Collagen ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Venous Ulceration ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Venous Ulcers

Objectives: To demonstrate morphological changes in lipodermatosclerosis (LDS) and venous ulcers by histology, immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy and immunoelectron microscopy. Design: Single patient group study in patients with trophic skin changes in chronic venous insufficiency. Setting: Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Lübeck. Patients: Ten patients with venous leg ulcers. Interventions: Biopsies were taken from areas of LDS and compared with clinically normal-appearing skin of the affected leg and with ulcer tissue. Main outcome measures: Comparison of the morphological features on light and electron microscopy. Results: Superficial dermis. Histologically, the ulcer tissue and LDS skin show dilated tortuous vessels in a glomerulus-like arrangement in the superficial parts of the dermis. Ultrastructurally, the superficial vessels are surrounded by a cuff, which contains amorphous and basal membrane material and is most pronounced in LDS. Immunofluorescence studies reveal ill-defined perivascular staining after incubation with antibodies against fibrin(ogen), laminin and type IV collagen. The exact ultrastructural localization of type IV collagen within the perivascular cuff is observed by immunoelectron microscopy. Deep dermis. In deeper parts of the dermis, the vessels of both ulcer tissue and LDS are surrounded by cellular cuffs with pericytes, fibroblasts and compact collagen bundles. Conclusions: We suggest that the severe morphological changes in LDS and ulcer tissue play an important role in the pathogenesis of venous ulceration.

Initiation of placentation in the pig

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 730-731
Author(s):  
J.L. Keys
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Microscopic Structure ◽  
Initial Attachment ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
The Past ◽  
Early Developmental Stages ◽  
Early Developmental

The microscopic structure of the mature placenta in domesticated species has been described in many publications but the early developmental stages have only been studied in detail within the past decade. The earliest date previously cited for initial attachment of the porcine trophoblast to the maternal epithelium is 14 to 18 days of gestation. This investigation was undertaken to establish morphological changes in the maternal epithelium in preparation for this event.Four or 5 nulliparous gilts were slaughtered on each of d10 and d13 of the estrous cycle and pregnancy (d0=1st d of estrus), and tissue samples prepared for correlative light and electron microscopy. Samples were compared between gilts on equivalent days of the cycle/pregnancy in order to determine endometrial changes specific to pregnancy. Sites adjacent to embryos were contrasted with those lacking trophoblastic contact within the same animal to investigate whether epithelial adaptations for attachment are localized to trophoblast proximity or represent a generalized uterine response.

scholarly journals Morphological aspects of marine monogeneans (Platyhelminthes) parasitic on the gills of Auxis thazard (Lacépède) (Scombridae) from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Dias Mogrovejo ◽  
Herman Lent ◽  
Cláudia Portes Santos
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Morphological Aspects ◽  
Auxis Thazard ◽  
Scanning Electron

Allopseudaxine macrova (Unnithan, 1957), Churavera triangula (Mamaev, 1967), Hexostoma auxisi Palombi, 1943 and H. keokeo Yamaguti, 1968 are studied based on light and scanning electron microscopy. The previously proposed synonymy of H. auxisi and H. keokeo is not accepted. Morphological changes between juvenile and adult hexostomatids are highlighted.

scholarly journals A LIGHT AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPE STUDY OF THE MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES INDUCED IN RAT LIVER CELLS BY THE AZO DYE 2-ME-DAB

1964 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Lafontaine ◽  
C. Allard
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Specific Effect ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusions ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Hepatic Cells ◽  
Rat Liver Cells

The cytological changes induced in rat liver cells by the aminoazo dye 2-Me-DAB have been examined by light and electron microscopy. It is observed that this non-carcinogenic compound duplicates most of the morphological alterations produced by other hepatotoxins, some of which, such as the closely related aminoazo dye 3'-Me-DAB, are potent carcinogens. These non-specific effects involve both the granular and agranular forms of the endoplasmic reticulum as well as the glycogen content of hepatic cells. The arrays of cisternal profiles of the granular reticulum in normal hepatic cells become disorganized and the dispersed cisternae often appear fragmented and irregular. Large cytoplasmic inclusions, consisting of loosely organized tubules and vesicles, are also observed which result from a hypertrophy of the agranular reticulum. The glycogen in the cells progressively decreases in amount. The most specific effect of 2-Me-DAB is to induce an increase in the number of mitochondria per cell. Many of these organelles are characterized by the presence of a median double membrane continuous with the inner limiting membrane of the mitochondrial envelope. Evidence is presented in favor of the view that this partition is directly related to the phenomenon of mitochondrial division. It was noted also in the course of the experiment that an increasing number of cells appear which stain quite intensely with methylene blue and appear denser than normal under electron microscopy. The significance of these cells is not known.

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