scholarly journals DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF THERMAL SHOWCASE MINI AS A BEVERAGE COOLER USING A THERMOELECTRIC MODULE

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
Muhammad Helmy
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Thermoelectric Module ◽  
Solid Material ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Cooling Load ◽  
Home Office ◽  
Conduction Heat Transfer ◽  
Cold Energy

In Indonesia, which has a tropical climate, a beverage cooler is needed. Almost every home, office, company, supermarket, and mall has installed beverage coolers. This has become a major necessity for people living in tropical countries. Especially those who live in eastern Indonesia, such as Ambon, NTT, and Papua, which have very hot temperatures. There are various types of use of the thermoelectric or peltier module, including food coolers, medicinal coolers, drinking water coolers in dispensers, and computer processor coolers. Besides being easy to apply, this tool is expected to be able to open up ideas in the use of thermoelectric modules that are more environmentally friendly than refrigerants. This research was conducted to obtain the size of the showcase mini design, the assembly process of the showcase mini tool, and to obtain the thermal analysis results contained in the showcase mini tool as a cooling medium. Showcase is a refrigerator that is used to display food or drinks that you want to display using glass media as a standout for the product being displayed. Thermoelectric technology is a technology that works by converting heat energy into electrical energy directly or vice versa, from electrical energy to produce cold energy. Thermoelectric is made of solid state material (solid material) which can convert energy from temperature difference to potential difference or vice versa. In this study, 2 variations of cooling load were used, namely without cooling load and with cooling load. Thermal analysis was carried out and got the results. The highest result from the calculation of conduction heat transfer load without cooling load is 0.013 Watt. The highest result from the calculation of the conduction heat transfer load with the cooling load is 0.010 Watt. The highest result from calculating the product heat load is 1.555 Watts. The highest result from the calculation of COP (Coefficient Of Performance) is 4,823. The expenses incurred each month are 16,000 rupiah.

Increase of energy efficiency ratio of a direct evaporative cooler by dynamic behavior with energy and exergy analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622110420
Author(s):  
Behzad Omidi Kashani
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Dynamic State ◽  
Circulation Rate ◽  
Cooling Load ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Static State ◽  
Circulation Pump ◽  
Water Rate

The present research is about increasing the energy efficiency ratio (EER) in current direct evaporative coolers (DEC) in Iran. Increasing the cooling load and reducing the electrical energy consumption simultaneously (increasing the energy efficiency ratio (EER)) in DEC are the main goals of manufacturers and consumers of this device. When the circulation water pump runs continuously (static state), the circulation water rate is about 1.89 to 2.90 times of the amounts recommended in the reasonable standards. In order to adjust the circulation water rate to the recommended amount by standards, the present study has utilized repetitive cyclic scheduling programs to reduce the circulation rate to the optimal amount, (by turning the circulation pump on and off by dynamic pattern operation). In other words, the circulation pump stays on only for a certain period of a working cycle, and then the pump stays off for the rest of it. The cooling load and EER were measured based on ASHRAE 133 (2015). The results indicated that the cooling load in the dynamic state increased by 5.03 and 6.18 percent compared to the static state at low and high fan speeds, respectively. Moreover, in comparison with the static state, the amount of electrical energy consumed (kW-hr) in the dynamic state decreased by 8.8 and 4.2 percent at low and high fan speeds, respectively. Finally, the coefficient of performance (COP or EER) of the DEC in the dynamic state is increased by 15.16 and 10.78 in comparison with the static state at low and high fan speeds, respectively.

Retrofitting R-22 Split Type Air Conditioning with Hydrocarbon (HCR-22) Refrigerant

2013 ◽  
Vol 388 ◽  
pp. 91-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Nasution ◽  
Abdul Latiff Zulkarnain ◽  
Azhar Abdul Aziz ◽  
Mohd Rozi Mohd Perang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Internal Heat ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Cooling Load ◽  
Refrigeration System ◽  
Electrical Energy Consumption ◽  
The One

An experimental study to evaluate the energy consumption of a split type air conditioning is presented. The compressor works with the fluids R-22 and HCR-22 and has been tested varying the internal heat load 0, 500, 700 and 1000 W. The measurements taken during the one hour experimental periods at 10-minutes interval times for temperature setpoint of 20oC. The performance data considered where the evaporator cooling load, the condenser heat rejection, the electrical energy consumption, the refrigeration system temperatures, and the room temperature. And hence the Coefficient of Performance (COP) could be determined. The final results of this study show an overall better energy consumption of the HFC-22 compared with the R-22.

scholarly journals Experimental Study to Analyze Feasibility of a Novel Panelized Ground-Source Thermoelectric System for Building Space Heating and Cooling

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Rui Miao ◽  
Xiaoou Hu ◽  
Yao Yu ◽  
Qifeng Zhang ◽  
Zhibin Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermoelectric Module ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Conventional Heating ◽  
Peltier Effect ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Ground Source ◽  
Ground Loop

A thermoelectric module is a device that converts electrical energy into thermal energy through a mechanism known as the Peltier effect. A Peltier device has hot and cold sides/substrates, and heat can be pumped from the cold side to the hot side under a given voltage. By applying it in buildings and attaching it to building envelope components, such as walls, as a heating and cooling device, the heating and cooling requirements can be met by reversing the voltage applied on these two sides/substrates. In this paper, we describe a novel, panelized, ground source, radiant system design for space heating and cooling in buildings by utilizing the Peltier effect. The system is equipped with water pipes that are attached to one side of the panel and connected with a ground loop to exchange heat between the cold/hot sides of the thermoelectric module and the underground region. The ground loop is inserted in boreholes, similar to those used for a vertical closed-loop Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) system, which could be more than a hundred meters deep. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the feasibility of the developed panel system applied in buildings. The results show that: (1) the average cooling Coefficients Of Performance (COP) of the system are low (0.6 or less) even though the ground is used as a heat sink, and thus additional studies are needed to improve it in the future, such as to arrange the thermoelectric modules in cascade and/or develop a new thermoelectric material that has a large Seebeck coefficient; and (2) the developed system using the underground region as the heat source has the potential of meeting heating loads of a building while maintaining at a higher system coefficient of performance (up to ~3.0) for space heating, compared to conventional heating devices, such as furnaces or boilers, especially in a region with mild winters and relatively warm ground.

Modeling of irreversible two-stage combined thermal Brownian refrigerators and their optimal performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Congzheng Qi ◽  
Zemin Ding ◽  
Lingen Chen ◽  
Yanlin Ge ◽  
Huijun Feng
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Optimal Performance ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Cooling Load ◽  
Heat Reservoir ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Heat Flows ◽  
In Series ◽  
Bottom Heat

AbstractThis paper establishes a model of an irreversible two-stage combined thermal Brownian refrigerator with an intermediate heat reservoir by combining finite time thermodynamics with non-equilibrium thermodynamics. The model is composed of two irreversible thermal Brownian refrigerators working in series. The combined thermal Brownian refrigerator works among three constant temperature heat reservoirs. There exist finite rate heat transfer processes among heat reservoirs and refrigerators. Considering heat leakage, heat transfer losses, and heat flows via kinetic energy change of particles, expressions of cooling load and the coefficient of performance (COP) are derived. The effects of design parameters on system performance are studied. The optimal performance of the irreversible combined thermal Brownian refrigerator is studied. The cooling load and COP are higher when the temperature of the intermediate heat reservoir is close to that of the bottom heat reservoir. Compared with the single-stage thermal Brownian refrigerator, which works between the heat source and sink with the same temperatures, the cooling load of the combined thermal Brownian refrigerator is greater, whereas the COP is smaller.

Finite-Time Thermodynamic Performance for a Class of Irreversible Heat Pumps

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih Wu ◽  
Lingen Chen ◽  
Fengrui Sun
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Finite Time ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Cooling Load ◽  
Heat Leak ◽  
Thermodynamic Performance ◽  
The Relationship

The effect of heat resistance and heat leak on the performance of irreversible heat pumps using a generalized heat transfer law is analyzed in this paper. The relationship between the optimal cooling load and the cop (coefficient of performance) for a steady-state irreversible heat pump is derived.

Experimental Investigation on the Performance of the Air-based Standing Wave Thermoacoustic Refrigerator using Heat Pipe as Heat Exchangers

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (01) ◽  
pp. 2050007
Author(s):  
Praitoon Chaiwongsa ◽  
Somchai Wongwises
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Standing Wave ◽  
Thermoelectric Module ◽  
Heat Pipes ◽  
Acoustic Power ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Cooling Load ◽  
Heat Absorber ◽  
Cooling Loads ◽  
Thermoacoustic Refrigerator

The coefficient of performance (COP) and relative coefficient of performance (COPR) of the standing wave thermoacoustic refrigerator (SWTAR) were investigated. The components of the SWTAR are a resonator tube, a stainless-steel bowl-shaped resonator cone, a commercial loudspeaker, a spiral stack, a cold side heat exchanger (CSHX) with miniature heat pipes (MHPs) and a hot side heat exchanger (HSHX). An operating frequency of 163[Formula: see text]Hz was used in this study, with an acoustic power (AP) supply of 10, 20 and 30[Formula: see text]W. Cooling loads were heat provided from a thermoelectric module (TEM) by joining the hot side of the TEM to the copper heat absorber and transferring heat to the CSHX through MHPs. The COP of the SWTAR increased with increasing cooling load. The slopes of the COP curves decreased with increasing AP. The COPR of the SWTAR increased with increasing cooling load until it was approximately 30% of AP.

Optimum Performance Characteristics of an Irreversible Four-Temperature-Level Absorption Refrigerator

2011 ◽  
Vol 90-93 ◽  
pp. 3051-3056
Author(s):  
Yue Wu Huang ◽  
De Xing Sun
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Optimization Criterion ◽  
Total Heat ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Entropy Production Rate ◽  
Cooling Load ◽  
Heat Transfer Area ◽  
Total Heat Transfer ◽  
Absorption Refrigerator ◽  
Ecological Optimization

The optimal performance of an absorption refrigerator operating between four temperature levels with the losses of heat resistance and internal irreversibility is analyzed first by taking the total heat transfer area of heat exchangers as an objective function. The minimum total heat transfer area is described in terms of the rate of the entropy changes of four heat reservoirs, and the generally optimal relation among the cooling load, the coefficient of performance and total heat transfer area is achieved. Then, an ecological optimization criterion is proposed for the best mode of operation of the absorption refrigerator. We investigate the ecological optimization performance and derive the corresponding cooling load, coefficient of performance and entropy production rate at the maximum ecological criterion for the absorption refrigerator. A comparison of an absorption refrigerator performance under maximum ecological function and maximum cooling load conditions is presented. Effects of the cycle parameters on the ecological performance have been discussed.

scholarly journals Numerical Evaluation of a HVAC System Based on a High-Performance Heat Transfer Fluid

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3298
Author(s):  
Gianpiero Colangelo ◽  
Brenda Raho ◽  
Marco Milanese ◽  
Arturo de Risi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluid ◽  
Hvac System ◽  
Dynamic Simulations ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
The University

Nanofluids have great potential to improve the heat transfer properties of liquids, as demonstrated by recent studies. This paper presents a novel idea of utilizing nanofluid. It analyzes the performance of a HVAC (Heating Ventilation Air Conditioning) system using a high-performance heat transfer fluid (water-glycol nanofluid with nanoparticles of Al2O3), in the university campus of Lecce, Italy. The work describes the dynamic model of the building and its heating and cooling system, realized through the simulation software TRNSYS 17. The use of heat transfer fluid inseminated by nanoparticles in a real HVAC system is an innovative application that is difficult to find in the scientific literature so far. This work focuses on comparing the efficiency of the system working with a traditional water-glycol mixture with the same system that uses Al2O3-nanofluid. The results obtained by means of the dynamic simulations have confirmed what theoretically assumed, indicating the working conditions of the HVAC system that lead to lower operating costs and higher COP and EER, guaranteeing the optimal conditions of thermo-hygrometric comfort inside the building. Finally, the results showed that the use of a nanofluid based on water-glycol mixture and alumina increases the efficiency about 10% and at the same time reduces the electrical energy consumption of the HVAC system.

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