scholarly journals PROPELLANS – PERSPECTIVE FRAME COMPOUNDS FOR THE CREATION OF HIGH-ENERGY SUBSTANCES

2021 ◽  
pp. 91-95
Author(s):  
А.А. Минакова ◽  
С.Г. Ильясов
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Research Work ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Heats Of Formation ◽  
Nitro Derivatives ◽  
Successive Substitution ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Active Substances

Гетероциклические соединения вызывают большой интерес у исследователей как потенциальные соединения в создании биологически активный веществ или веществ с высокой энергией. 3,7,10-Триоксо-2,4,6,8,9,11-гексааза[3.3.3]пропеллан (ТНАР) состоит из трех конденсированных колец, соединенных одинарной связью C1-C5 является новым, малоизученным веществом, синтезированным во втором десятилетии XXI века. Теоретические расчеты энергий нитропроизводных пропелланов с пятью или шестью атомами азота показали перспективность использования в качестве высокоэнергетических веществ. Целью работы было проведение квантово-химических расчетов теплоты образования и сгорания, а также длины пропеллановой связи нитро- и ацетилпроизводных 3,7,10-триоксо-2,4,6,8,9,11-гексааза[3.3.3]пропеллана и его восстановленного аналога 2,4,6,8,9,11-гексааза[3.3.3]пропеллана (НАР) с различным количеством заместителей. В результате исследовательской работы была выявлена следующая закономерность: последовательное введение нитрогрупп в изучаемую структуру увеличивает теплоты образования получаемых производных, тогда как для ацетильных групп тенденция противоположная. Оказалось, что гексанитропроизводное ТНАР по термодинамической стабильности сравнимо с гексанитробензолом, а восстановленный пропеллан НАР с шестью нитрогруппами сравним с CL-20. Поведение длины пропеллановой связи C1-C5 при последовательном замещении соединения ТНАР нитро- и ацетильными группами. Накопление ацетильных групп вызывает монотонное укорочение этой связи, вплоть до обычной длины C(sp3)-C(sp3). В случае нитрогрупп тенденция более сложная: сначала укорочение, а затем значительное удлинение, до 1.67 Å для шести нитрогрупп в 3,7,10-триоксо-2,4,6,8,9,11-гексанитро-2,4,6,8,9,11-гексааза[3.3.3]пропеллане. Гексаазапропеллан (НАР), несмотря на нежесткую структуру, имеет 22 стабильных конформера, тогда как у ТНАР их 2, и более короткие связи, что вероятно в дальнейшем позволит синтезировать его гексанитро производное. Heterocyclic compounds are of great interest to researchers as potential compounds in the creation of biologically active substances or substances with high energy. 3,7,10-Trioxo-2,4,6,8,9,11-hexaaza[3.3.3]propellane (THAP) consists of three condensed rings connected by a single C1-C5 bond, is a new, poorly studied substance synthesized in the second decade of the 21st century. Theoretical calculations of the energies of nitro-derivatives of propellanes with five or six nitrogen atoms have shown that they are promising for use as high-energy substances. The aim of the work was to carry out quantum-chemical calculations of the heats of formation and combustion, as well as the length of the propellane bond of nitro- and acetyl derivatives of 3,7,10-trioxo-2,4,6,8,9,11-hexaaza[3.3.3]propellane, as well as its reduced analogue 2,4,6,8,9,11-hexaaza[3.3.3]propellane (HAP) with a different number of substitutes. As a result of the research work, the following regularity was revealed: the successive introduction of nitro groups into the structure under study increases the heats of formation of the resulting derivatives, while the trend is opposite for acetyl groups. It turned out that the hexanitro derivative of THAP is comparable in thermodynamic stability to hexanitrobenzene, and the reduced propellane (HAP) with six nitro groups is comparable to CL-20. Behavior of the C1-C5 propellane bond length upon successive substitution of THAP compound with nitro- and acetyl groups. The accumulation of acetyl groups causes a monotonic shortening of this bond, up to the usual length of C(sp3)-C(sp3). In the case of nitro groups, the trend is more complex: first, shortening and then significant lengthening, up to 1.67 Å for six nitro groups in 3,7,10-trioxo-2,4,6,8,9,11-hexanitro-2,4,6, 8,9,11-hexaaza[3.3.3]propellane. Hexaazapropellane (HAP), despite its non-rigid structure, has 22 stable conformers, whereas THAP has two, and shorter bonds, which is likely to make it possible to synthesize its hexanitro derivative in the future.

scholarly journals PROPELLANS – PERSPECTIVE FRAME COMPOUNDS FOR THE CREATION OF HIGH-ENERGY SUBSTANCES

2021 ◽  
pp. 144-148
Author(s):  
А.А. Минакова ◽  
С.Г. Ильясов
Keyword(s):  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Energy Characteristics ◽  
Alkyl Derivatives ◽  
Nitro Derivatives ◽  
Selective Formation ◽  
Competing Reactions

Важной задачей современной органической химии является открытие новых, ранее не известных науке веществ, которые могли бы расширить область наших знаний и пополнить номенклатуру высокоэнергетических или биологически активных продуктов. 3,7,10-Триоксо-2,4,6,8,9,11-гексааза[3.3.3|пропеллан и его нитропроизводные являются новейшими продуктами класса гетероциклов, их азотсодержащая полициклическая структура предполагает наличие интересных и полезных свойств, что обусловливает проявленный интерес к данной работе. Химия 3,7,10-триоксо-2,4,6,8,9,11-гексааза[3.3.3|пропеллана малоизучена и представлена лишь двумя алкилпроизводными и теоретическими расчетами энергетических характеристик нитропроизводных. В статье преставлены результаты исследования нитрования 3,7,10-триоксо-2,4,6,8,9,11-гексааза[3.3.3]пропеллана (THAP) концентрированнойазотной кислотой. Установлено, что в процессе нитрования наблюдается протекание двух конкурирующих реакций – лактам-лактимной перегруппировки и нитрования. Было показано, что продукты реакции сильно зависят от температуры реакционной массы. Установлено, что температуре -40 ºС протекает образование лактимной формы ТНАР, тогда как при постепенном увеличении температуры сначала образуется мононитропроизводное пропеллана, а при температуре 40 ºС идёт селективное образование 3,7,10-триоксо-2,6-динитро-2,4,6,8,9,11-гексааза[3.3.3]пропеллана с выходом 30%. An important task of modern organic chemistry is the discovery of new substances previously unknown to science, which could expand the area of our knowledge and replenish the range of high-energy or biologically active products. 3,7,10-Trioxo-2,4,6,8,9,11-hexaaza[3.3.3]propellane and its nitro derivatives are the newest products of the class of heterocycles; interest in this work. The chemistry of 3,7,10-trioxo-2,4,6,8,9,11-hexaaza[3.3.3]propellane is poorly understood and is represented by only two alkyl derivatives and theoretical calculations of the energy characteristics of nitro derivatives. The article presents the results of a study of the nitration of 3,7,10-trioxo-2,4,6,8,9,11-hexaaza[3.3.3]propellane (THAP) with concentrated nitric acid. It was found that in the process of nitration, there are two competing reactions - lactam-lactam rearrangement and nitration. It was shown that the reaction products strongly depend on the temperature of the reaction mixture. It was found that at a temperature of -40 ºС the formation of the lactimic form of THAP proceeds, whereas with a gradual increase in temperature, a mononitro derivative of propellane is first formed, and at a temperature of 40 ºС, the selective formation of 3,7,10-trioxo-2,6-dinitro-2,4,6,8,9,11-hexaaza[3.3.3]propellane in 30% yield.

FULLERENECARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND PROSPECTS FOR THEIR USE IN THE CHEMISTRY OF DRUGS

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
E V Litasova ◽  
L B Piotrovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Carboxyl Groups ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Active Substances

Among the various derivatives of fullerenes, compounds containing carboxyl groups (carboxyfullerenes) occupy a prominent place. The reason is that the introduction of carboxyl groups makes it possible to obtain water-soluble derivatives of highly lipophilic fullerenes. The review deals with matters of synthesis and structure of carboxyfullerenes, the influence of the amount and structure of the addends on the solubility of the entire compound, various aspects of the usage of these compounds as independent biologically active substances and carriers for creation of various delivery systems.

Nitro Derivatives of Silaprismanes as High-Energy Compounds: Theoretical Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 1940047
Author(s):  
M. A. Salem ◽  
M. A. Gimaldinova ◽  
A. I. Kochaev ◽  
K. P. Katin ◽  
R. V. Ryzhuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ab Initio ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ab Initio Study ◽  
Structures And Properties ◽  
Nitro Derivatives ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Homo Lumo

We present ab initio study of structures and properties of silaprismanes Si[Formula: see text]H[Formula: see text] and their nitro derivatives Si[Formula: see text]H[Formula: see text]NO2 ([Formula: see text]–10). We found that silaprismane Si[Formula: see text]H9NO2 possesses the highest stability among all studied cages. Attached NO2 group results in weak decreasing of the HOMO–LUMO gap. The smaller prismanes bind with NO2 groups more strongly. The comparison between silaprismanes and carbon prismanes is also discussed.

scholarly journals SYNTHETIC PYRIDINE SUBSTITUTED AMINO ACIDS AND THEIR DERIVATIVES

2019 ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
S. Shilin ◽  
Z. Voitenko ◽  
M. Nechai
Keyword(s):  
Aminocaproic Acid ◽  
Hexanoic Acid ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Hemostatic Activity ◽  
Synthetic Sequence ◽  
Pyridine Fragment ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Active Substances

This paper reports on the synthesis of new derivatives of ε-aminocaproic and γ-aminobutyric acid modified with a pyridin-2-yl substituent at the ω-position of the main chain. The hemostatic activity of both ε-aminocaproic acid itself and its various synthetic analogues is widely known. Likewise, numerous γ-aminobutyric acid derivatives are strong neurotransmitters extensively used in the treatment of the nervous system disorders. No less popular are biologically active substances containing a pyridine or piperidine fragment; among which there are antibiotics, antimalarial, anti-sclerotic and antiallergic drugs, as well as anti-depressants and analgesics. Therefore, the introduction of the pyridine fragment into the amino acid structures is interesting in terms of their potential biological activity investigation. So, a method for the synthesis of 5-amino-5-(pyridin-2-yl)pentanoic and 6-amino-6-(pyridin-2-yl)hexanoic acid has been developed by us. The proposed scheme is based on the available reagents using. The key stage is the Schmidt rearrangement of 2-(pyridin-2-yl)cyclopentanone and 2-(pyridin-2-yl)cyclohexanone, previously synthesized from pyridine N-oxide and cycloalkenyl morpholinide. For synthesized pyridine substituted cycloalkanones according to NMR spectroscopy, the presence of keto-enol tautomerism was established. As a result of Schmidt rearrangement, lactams (2-(pyridin-2-yl)piperidone and 2-(pyridin-2-yl)azepanone) are formed, and the last ones had been hydrolyzed in an acidic medium to open the lactam cycle. Thus, 5-amino-5-(pyridin-2-yl)pentanoic and 6-amino-6-(pyridin-2-yl)hexanoic acid were isolated as hydrochlorides and the hydrochlorides were converted to the zwitterion form using propylene oxide. The first stage of the developed scheme (preparation of pyridylalkanones) occurs in rather low yields, about 35 %. But, after the rearrangement, hydrolysis and the formation of zwitterion do not cause difficulties and are characterized by high yields. Consequently, the proposed synthetic sequence is preparatively advantageous.

scholarly journals Synthesis and structural features of 5-(4-(tert-butyl) phenyl)-4-((R)amino)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiols

2018 ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
I. I. Aksyonova-Seliuk ◽  
O. I. Panasenko ◽  
E. G. Knysh
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Tert Butyl ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds is one of the most popular sector in organic chemistry. Scientists allocate among them a class of derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole. This class of compounds attracts attention his broad spectrum of biological activity. There are antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-tubercular, antimicrobial, antioxidant, actoprotective, anti-cancer and other activities. The derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole have one more important advantage. It is low toxicity. This properties do this class of derivatives promising for researches their chemical structure and biological activity and purposeful search of biologically active substances. The purpose of the work is synthesis of 5-(4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)-4-((R)amino)-4H-1,2,4-triazoles-3-thiols from appropriate ylidene derivatives of 4-amino-5-(4 (tert-butyl)phenyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazoles-3-thiol and research of their physical and chemical properties. The objects of research were 10 new compounds, derivatives of 4-amino-5-(4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazoles-3-thiol. These compounds are the crystal substances which are odorless, insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvents. Investigation of the physical and chemical properties of this compounds was carried out according to the methods listed in the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine. The melting temperature of synthesized compounds was determined by device OptiMelt Stanford Research Systems MPA100. The structure of the compound was confirmed by 1H-NMR spectroscopy (Mercury 400) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Agilent 1260 Infinity HPLC). 10 new compounds, derivatives of 4-amino-5-(4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazoles-3-thiol, were synthesized in a study. The chemical structure of the new compounds was confirmed by modern instrumental methods of analysis. Results of the done work can be use in the future search of biologically active substances.

scholarly journals Prospects for improving immunoprophylaxis of infectious diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-194
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Stepanov ◽  
Vadim A. Myasnikov ◽  
Vasiliy Ya. Apcel
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Subunit Vaccines ◽  
Protective Antigens ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Active Substances

This study described the perspective and significance of using complex vaccine systems in improving immunoprophylaxis of major infectious diseases of various etiologies and genesis. Immunobiological drugs traditionally used for this purpose, along with the advantages, have disadvantages, such as increased reactogenicity and development of post-vaccine reactions and complications in some cases. Such adverse effects are serious obstacles to immunoprophylaxis on a mass scale. This circumstance was the reason for the improvement of immunoprophylaxis, and the main focus was the creation of chemical, recombinant, and subunit vaccines. However, compared with traditional drugs, these vaccines have inferior effectiveness, even if they are practically reactogenic and do not lead to the development of post-vaccine reactions and complications. The main approaches to the development of effective and safe methods of immunoprophylaxis are considered based on the development of complex vaccine systems, and the components can be protective antigens, biologically active substances of the corresponding microorganisms, adjuvants applied or embedded in the corresponding biologically active, and safe biotechnological platforms. Among the latter, nanoparticles and microparticles of polylactoglycolic acid, liposomes, lipids, and copolymers are recognized as the most suitable for the construction of complex vaccine systems. This paper highlighted new trends in the development of these methods of immunoprophylaxis and their advantages in comparison with traditionally used immunobiological drugs. Moreover, prospects are characterized and examples of developed vaccine preparations are presented. The mechanisms of action of postvaccination immunity and factors that influence its formation are described.

scholarly journals LOTUS CORNICULATUS L. IS A PERSPECTIVE SPECIES OF THE GENUS LOTUS L.

2017 ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
Ольга (Ol'ga) Николаевна (Nikolaevna) Змеева (Zmeeva) ◽  
Наталья (Natal'ja) Эдуардовна (Eduardovna) Коломиец (Kolomiets) ◽  
Наталья (Natal'ja) Юрьевна (Yur'evna) Абрамец (Abramets) ◽  
Руслан (Ruslan) Анатольевич (Anatol'evich) Бондарчук (Bondarchuk)
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Active Substances

These materials contain an overview of the most significant publications on the hare (Lotus corniculatus L.) – one of the species of the genus Lotus L., widespread in the territory of the Russian Federation, both in the wild and in culture. The prospect of Lotus corniculatus is confirmed by information about its extensive range of information about the use in the folk medicine of many countries, veterinary science, resistance to disease, the ability to grow and give high yields on different types of soils, high fodder value and melliferous value. Chemical composition of wild and cultivated of Lotus corniculatus was studied in detail. The horned lamb is a rich source of biologically active substances: proteins, polysaccharides, alkaloids, steroids, phytoalexins, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, isoflavones, phenolcarbonic acids, derivatives of anthracene, macro - and micronutrients. The diverse chemical composition of the lapwing explains the wide range of its pharmacological activity (antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic, wound-healing, antiproliferative), use in agriculture, folk medicine, veterinary medicine, cosmetology, and also substantiates the perspectivity of the species for further scientific and practical phytochemical and pharmacological research.

scholarly journals A Search for Cardiotropic Biologically Active Substances among New Derivatives of R- phenylimin-1,3-thiazole

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina O. Perekhoda ◽  
Irina V. Drapak ◽  
Marharyta M. Suleiman ◽  
Marina V. Rakhimova ◽  
Svetlana G. Таran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
1H Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Hantzsch Reaction ◽  
Thiazole Derivatives ◽  
Laboratory Rats ◽  
Pharmacological Screening ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Cardiotropic Activity

The purpose of our work was the search for safe and effective biologically active substances of cardiotropic action among 1,3- thiazole derivatives. New derivatives of 1-[(2Z)-2-[R-imin]-4-methyl-3-R1-2,3-dihydro-1,3-thiazole-5-yl]ethan-1-one and ethyl-(2Z)-2-[R-imin]-4-methyl-3-R1-2,3-dihydro-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylate were synthesized by the Hantzsch reaction. The structure of the compounds obtained was confirmed by 1H NMR spectroscopy and by the elemental analysis. The pharmacological screening showed that the obtained substances possess cardiotropic activity. The cardiotropic properties of the new 1,3-thiazole derivatives were studied on the isolated rings of the thoracic aorta of laboratory rats. A prospective substance 1-[(2Z)-2-[(4-methoxyphenyl)imin]-4-methyl-3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl) -2,3-dihydro-1,3-thiazol-5-yl]ethan-1-one hydrochloride, which exhibits cardiotropic activity exceeding the activity of L-carnitine and meldonia has been revealed during pharmacological researches of the substances obtained.

Nitro derivatives of quinoline and quinoline N-oxide as low-cost alternative for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia Cristina Assis ◽  
Alexandre Alves de Castro ◽  
João Paulo Almirão de Jesus ◽  
Eugenie Nepovimova ◽  
Kamil Kuca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Computational Design ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Nitro Derivatives ◽  
Derivatives Of

Abstract A new and more aggressive strain of coronavirus, known as SARS-CoV-2, which is highly contagious, has rapidly spread across the planet within a short period of time. Due to its high transmission rate and the significant time–space between infection and manifestation of symptoms, the WHO recently declared this a pandemic. Because of the exponentially growing number of new cases of both infections and deaths, development of new therapeutic options to help fight this pandemic is urgently needed. The target molecules of this study were the nitro derivatives of quinoline and quinoline N-oxide. Computational design at the DFT level, docking studies, and molecular dynamics methods as a well-reasoned strategy will aid in elucidating the fundamental physicochemical properties and molecular functions of a diversity of compounds, directly accelerating the process of discovering new drugs. In this study, we discovered isomers based on the nitro derivatives of quinoline and quinoline N-oxide, which are biologically active compounds and may be low-cost alternatives for the treatment of infections induced by SARS-CoV-2.

scholarly journals Synthesis, physical and chemical properties of 5-(phenoxymethylene)-4-R-1,2,4-triazol-3-thiones derivatives, which contain alkyl- and arylnitrile fragments

2018 ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
Yu. M. Kucheryavyi ◽  
A. G. Kaplaushenko
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
The Core ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Tumor Drugs ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Ukraine takes the second place in Europe for the dissemination of cancer. Ukrainian pharmaceutical market practically doesn’t have domestic anti-tumor drugs. That’s why, many scientists of pharmaceutical industry work in this direction.  The searching of biologically active substances among derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole is actually for today. Anastrozole and Letrozole are enough known like anti-tumor drugs which contain in their structures the core of 1,2,4-triazole and nitrile groups. The aim of our work is purposeful synthesis a number of new highly effective compounds 2-((5-(phenoxymethylene)-4-R-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-yl)thio)acetonitriles and 2-, 3-, 4-(((5-(phenoxymethylene)-4-R-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-yl)thio)methyl)benzo-nitriles, research of its physical and chemical properties. The 5-(phenoxymethylene)-4-R-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones, which contain alkyl- and arylnitrile groups has been synthesized and its effective methods obtaining have been set. The structure of synthesized compounds has been confirmed by modern complex of physical and chemical methods of analysis. The synthesized compounds with alkyl- and arylnitrile functional groups will become the basis for further modification of the structure to increase results or expand the range of the biological activity.

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