The impact of positive and negative emotional states vs. comorbid depression or anxiety diagnoses on alcohol consumption in male and female alcoholics

This randomized controlled trial examined the impact of daily supportive text messages over a six-month treatment period on mood and alcohol consumption in individuals with a dual diagnosis of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and depression. Results highlighted mood benefits at 3-month and lower alcohol consumption at 6-month treatment points.

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The Impact of the Lifetime Depression History on Alcohol Consumption in Male and Female Alcoholics

10.26226/morressier.5885d719d462b8028d891d59 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Victor Karpyak

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Male And Female ◽

The Impact ◽

Depression History

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Targeting Epigenetic Mechanisms to Treat Alcohol Use Disorders (AUD).

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/1381612827666210203142539 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

Author(s):

F. David Rodriguez

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

World Health ◽

Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽

Emotional States ◽

Pharmacological Treatments ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Compulsive Consumption ◽

Health Organization ◽

The Impact

Background: The impact of abusive alcohol consumption on human health is remarkable. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 3.3 million people die annually because of harmful alcohol consumption (the figure represents around 5.9% of global deaths). Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a chronic disease where individuals exhibit compulsive alcohol drinking and present negative emotional states when they do not drink. In the most severe manifestations of AUD, the individuals lose control over intake despite a decided will to stop drinking. Given the multiple faces and the specific forms of this disease, the term AUD often appears in the plural (AUDs). Since only a few approved pharmacological treatments are available to treat AUD and they do not apply to all individuals or AUD forms, the search for compounds that may help to eliminate the burden of the disease and complement other therapeutical approaches is necessary. Method: This work reviews recent research focused on the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms on the pathophysiology of AUD. Excessive drinking leads to chronic and compulsive consumption that eventually damages the organism. The central nervous system is a key target and is the focus of this study. The search for the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms behind the intricated dysregulation induced by ethanol will aid researchers in establishing new therapy approaches. Conclusion: Recent findings in the field of epigenetics are essential and offer new windows for observation and research. The study of small molecules that inhibit key epienzymes involved in nucleosome architecture dynamics is necessary in order to prove their action and specificity in the laboratory and to test their effectivity and safety in clinical trials with selected patients bearing defined alterations caused by ethanol.

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Being on trial

Imagining the Witch ◽

10.1093/oso/9780198799085.003.0002 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 37-84

Author(s):

Laura Kounine

Keyword(s):

Mental State ◽

Emotional States ◽

Male And Female ◽

Physical Evidence ◽

Witch Trials ◽

Mind And Body ◽

Harm To Others ◽

Physical Features ◽

The Impact ◽

Gendered Expectations

This chapter examines the legal, communal, and individual understandings of witchcraft. Witchcraft, at its most fundamental, involves wishing harm to others. It thus centrally concerns the impact of emotional states on physical ones. In a court of law, since physical evidence of witchcraft was highly ambiguous, interrogators, accusers, and witnesses had to search for other signs to prove the accused guilty. How did they behave during a trial? What did their physical features and reactions reveal about their emotional states? How was someone’s physical and mental state utilized in the courtroom as ‘proof’ of their supposed transgressions? By comparing how mind and body were understood in both male and female witch-trials, this chapter sheds light on broader understandings of gendered expectations of emotional repertoires, as well as cultural, legal, and medical notions of what constituted innocence, guilt, and the ‘truth’.

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Sex-specific association of depressive disorder and transient emotional states with alcohol consumption in male and female alcoholics

Drug and Alcohol Dependence ◽

10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.12.010 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 196 ◽

pp. 31-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Victor M. Karpyak ◽

Jennifer R. Geske ◽

Daniel K. Hall-Flavin ◽

Larissa L. Loukianova ◽

Terry D. Schneekloth ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Emotional States ◽

Male And Female ◽

Specific Association

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Unequal interactions between alcohol and nicotine co-consumption: Suppression and enhancement of concurrent drug intake

10.1101/601641 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Margot C DeBaker ◽

Janna K Moen ◽

Jenna M Robinson ◽

Kevin Wickman ◽

Anna M Lee

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Intake ◽

Male Mice ◽

Male And Female ◽

Female Mice ◽

Choice Procedure ◽

Nicotine Abstinence ◽

Nicotine Consumption ◽

Use Factors ◽

The Impact

AbstractRationaleAlcohol and nicotine addiction are prevalent conditions that co-occur. Despite the prevalence of co-use, factors that influence the suppression and enhancement of concurrent alcohol and nicotine intake are largely unknown.ObjectivesOur goals were to assess how nicotine abstinence and availability influenced concurrent alcohol consumption, and to determine the impact of quinine adulteration of alcohol on aversion resistant alcohol consumption and concurrent nicotine consumption.MethodsMale and female C57BL/6J mice voluntarily consumed unsweetened alcohol, nicotine and water in a chronic 3-bottle choice procedure. In Experiment 1, nicotine access was removed for 1 week and re-introduced the following week, while the alcohol and water bottles remained available at all times. In Experiment 2, quinine (100-1000 μM) was added to the 20% alcohol bottle, while the nicotine and water bottles remained unaltered.ResultsIn Experiment 1, we found that alcohol consumption and preference were unaffected by the presence or absence of nicotine access in both male and female mice. In Experiment 2a, we found that quinine temporarily suppressed alcohol intake and enhanced concurrent nicotine, but not water, preference in both male and female mice. In Experiment 2b, chronic quinine suppression of alcohol intake increased nicotine consumption and preference in female mice without affecting water preference, whereas it increased water and nicotine preference in male mice.ConclusionsQuinine suppression of alcohol consumption enhanced the preference for concurrent nicotine preference in male and female mice, suggesting that mice compensate for the quinine adulteration of alcohol by increasing their nicotine preference.

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Emotional Reactivity to Visual Content as Revealed by ERP Component Clustering

Journal of Psychophysiology ◽

10.1027/0269-8803/a000145 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 135-146 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Miroslaw Wyczesany ◽

Szczepan J. Grzybowski ◽

Jan Kaiser

Keyword(s):

Emotional Reactivity ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Affective State ◽

Occipital Lobe ◽

Stimulus Onset ◽

Emotional States ◽

Neural Basis ◽

Temporoparietal Junction ◽

The Right ◽

The Impact

Abstract. In the study, the neural basis of emotional reactivity was investigated. Reactivity was operationalized as the impact of emotional pictures on the self-reported ongoing affective state. It was used to divide the subjects into high- and low-responders groups. Independent sources of brain activity were identified, localized with the DIPFIT method, and clustered across subjects to analyse the visual evoked potentials to affective pictures. Four of the identified clusters revealed effects of reactivity. The earliest two started about 120 ms from the stimulus onset and were located in the occipital lobe and the right temporoparietal junction. Another two with a latency of 200 ms were found in the orbitofrontal and the right dorsolateral cortices. Additionally, differences in pre-stimulus alpha level over the visual cortex were observed between the groups. The attentional modulation of perceptual processes is proposed as an early source of emotional reactivity, which forms an automatic mechanism of affective control. The role of top-down processes in affective appraisal and, finally, the experience of ongoing emotional states is also discussed.

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Challenges and opportunities for the affective sciences.

10.31234/osf.io/ftmde ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Andrew S. Fox ◽

Regina Lapate ◽

Alexander J. Shackman ◽

Richard J Davidson

Keyword(s):

Well Being ◽

Human Condition ◽

Emotional States ◽

Quarter Century ◽

Core Feature ◽

Challenges And Opportunities ◽

The Mind ◽

The Impact ◽

Improved Methods ◽

Health And Well Being

Emotion is a core feature of the human condition, with profound consequences for health, wealth, and wellbeing. Over the past quarter-century, improved methods for manipulating and measuring different features of emotion have yielded steady advances in our scientific understanding emotional states, traits, and disorders. Yet, it is clear that most of the work remains undone. Here, we highlight key challenges facing the field of affective sciences. Addressing these challenges will provide critical opportunities not just for understanding the mind, but also for increasing the impact of the affective sciences on public health and well-being.

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