scholarly journals Kajian Ekonomis PLT-Angin dan PLTS untuk Penerangan Jalan Umum (PJU)

ELKHA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Erick Radwitya ◽  
Akhdiyatul Akhdiyatul
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Break Even Point ◽  
Benefit Cost

Abstract–              Kabupaten Ketapang merupakan Kabupaten terluas, memiliki pantai yang memanjang dari selatan ke utara dan sebagian besar penduduk tinggal di pesisir pantai, dengan kecepatan angin rata-rata adalah 5,1 m/s dan persentase penyinaran matahari 70% merupakan yang tertinggi di Kalimantan Barat. Jika dilihat dari letak dan iklim, untuk memenuhi kebutuhan energi listrik dalam memenuhi kebebutuhan PJU di Kabupaten Ketapang. Salah satu solusi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan energi yang diperlukan PJU adalah Energi Angin dan Energi Surya. Guna mengoptimalkan potensi energi terbarukan yaitu energi angin dan energi surya yang ada di Kabupaten Ketapang untuk kebutuhan PJU maka perlu suatu Kajian Ekonomis Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Angin Stand Alone dan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya Stand Alone untuk PJU. Analisis ekonomi adalah suatu analisis untuk mengetahui layak tidaknya suatu kegiatan untuk dilaksanakan dan titik beratnya pada hasil total, produktivitas dan keuntungan. Dalam analisis finansial ini biasanya digunakan Cost Benefit Analisys, Capital Recovery, Payback of Period, Break Even Point dan Benefit Cost Ratio. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kajian ini, untuk PLT Angin AWI-E500T biaya investasi awal senilai Rp. 41.688.350 dengan kapasitas produksi 723 kWh per tahun dan biaya investasi awal untuk PLTS Solar Cell senilai Rp. 18.625.800 dengan kapasitas produksi 204,4 kWh per tahun. Dari analisis ekonomi dengan menggunakan metode BCR, hasil nilai Benefit Cost Ratio untuk PLT Angin AWI E500T dan PLTS Solar Cell lebih besar dari 1 (BCR ≥ 1), ini berarti investasi  layak (feasible) untuk dilaksanakan. Keywords–PLT-Angin Stand Alone, PLTS Solar Cell Stand Alone, Penerangan Jalan Umum (PJU), dan Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR)

ANALISIS USAHATANI PADI SAWAH DAN USAHATANI KEDELAI DI KECAMATAN BERBAK KABUPATEN TANJUNG JABUNG TIMUR

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Satryawan ◽  
Emy Kernalis ◽  
Arnoldy Arby
Keyword(s):  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Break Even Point ◽  
Benefit Cost

Penelitian ini bertujuanuntuk; 1) mengetahui kondisi usahatani padi sawah dan usahatani kedelai; 2) biaya, penerimaan dan pendapatan usahatani padi sawah dan usahatani kedelai; 3) kelayakan dari usahatani padi sawah dan usahatani kedelai di Kelurahan Simpang Kecamatan Berbak Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur..Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari rata-rata produksi 616,335 Kg per hektar pada usahatani padi sawah dan pada usahatani kedelai rata-rata produksi sebesar 1.113,592 Kg per hektar. Rata-rata pendapatan yang diperoleh dari usahatani padi sawah sebesar Rp. 470.494,01 per hektar dan dari usahatani kedelai adalah Rp. 3.105.018,63 per hektar. Dari usahatani padi sawah didapatkan pendapatan kerja petani sebesar Rp.1.981.662,01 per hektar, penghasilan kerja petani Rp. 3.153.177,16 per hektar serta pendapatan kerja keluarga sebesar Rp. 3.171.965,04 per hektar. Sedangkan pada usahatani kedelai, pendapatan kerja petani yang diperoleh adalah Rp.4.922.739,387 per hektar, penghasilan kerja petani Rp. 6.079.579,009 per hektar serta pendapatan kerja keluarga sebesar Rp. 6.116.135,613 per hektar. Dari analisa kelayakan menggunakan Revenue Cost Ratio, Benefit Cost Ratio dan Break Even Point dapat dikatakan bahwa usahatani padi sawah dan usahatani kedelai yang diusahakan petani menguntungkan dan layak untuk diusahakan serta dikembangkan. Kata Kunci :Usahatani,Pendapatan, Kelayakan

Performance Measurement in Social Enterprises

2019 ◽  
pp. 205-231
Author(s):  
Ayla Zehra Öncer
Keyword(s):  
Performance Management ◽  
Balanced Scorecard ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Impact Measurement ◽  
Expected Return ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost

This chapter begins with the notion of performance management and then focuses on the concept of social impact in order to deeply examine the measurement of performance in social enterprises. The chapter argues the importance of measuring social impact which is the crucial process in social investment and discusses which measurement method to choose. It then introduces the classification of methods in various forms based on the related literature. The chapter continues by explaining the most frequently used social impact measurement methods including cost effectiveness and cost benefit analyses, social accounting and auditing, SROI, balanced scorecard, SIMPLE, benefit-cost ratio, BACO ratio, expected return metric, cost per impact, and blended value. Finally, the conclusion focuses on the overall perspective of the subject, critical areas to pay attention to, and limitations.

Efficient two-stage sequential arrays of proof of concept studies for pharmaceutical portfolios

2020 ◽  
pp. 096228022095817
Author(s):  
Linchen He ◽  
Linqiu Du ◽  
Zoran Antonijevic ◽  
Martin Posch ◽  
Valeriy R Korostyshevskiy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Benefit Cost

Previous work has shown that individual randomized “proof-of-concept” (PoC) studies may be designed to maximize cost-effectiveness, subject to an overall PoC budget constraint. Maximizing cost-effectiveness has also been considered for arrays of simultaneously executed PoC studies. Defining Type III error as the opportunity cost of not performing a PoC study, we evaluate the common pharmaceutical practice of allocating PoC study funds in two stages. Stage 1, or the first wave of PoC studies, screens drugs to identify those to be permitted additional PoC studies in Stage 2. We investigate if this strategy significantly improves efficiency, despite slowing development. We quantify the benefit, cost, benefit-cost ratio, and Type III error given the number of Stage 1 PoC studies. Relative to a single stage PoC strategy, significant cost-effective gains are seen when at least one of the drugs has a low probability of success (10%) and especially when there are either few drugs (2) with a large number of indications allowed per drug (10) or a large portfolio of drugs (4). In these cases, the recommended number of Stage 1 PoC studies ranges from 2 to 4, tracking approximately with an inflection point in the minimization curve of Type III error.

Preliminary Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) for Safety Assist Technologies in ASEAN NCAP – Rationalizing the Impact to Road Safety for Malaysia’s Case

2014 ◽  
Vol 663 ◽  
pp. 596-603
Author(s):  
Zulhaidi Mohd Jawi ◽  
Aqbal Hafeez Ariffin ◽  
Yahaya Ahmad ◽  
Khairil Anwar Abu Kassim ◽  
Norlen Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rating Scheme

The newly established New Car Assessment Program for Southeast Asian Countries (ASEAN NCAP) has incorporated Safety Assist Technologies (SATs) in its automobile safety rating scheme. In order for any assessed car to be eligible for the maximum 5-star rating, it should first be equipped with Electronic Stability Control (ESC) and fitted with seatbelt reminder (SBR). However, since these SATs are not being evaluated in their performance by the means of field testing, this paper explains the benefit of having these SATs through Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) which help to rationalize the importance of SATs in preventing road accidents or mitigating severity of injuries. Due to data limitation, this preliminary CBA assessment will only be focusing on Malaysia’s situation and is based on published sources and the authors’ best estimates. This study also includes the Cost-Benefit Analysis on Anti-lock Braking System (ABS), which is the basis for ESC technology, in preparation for its inclusion in the future rating scheme to expedite the vision of making ABS as standard fit in all ASEAN’s passenger cars. The preliminary result shows that all technologies – ESC, SBR and ABS – appear to be cost-effective (benefit/cost-ratio > 3) or most likely cost effective (1 < benefit/cost-ratio < 3) in Malaysia’s road safety situation per se.

scholarly journals Analysis of Benefit Cost Ratio of Sesame Production under Demonstration in Low Lands of Western Zone, Tigray, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Tewoderos Meleaku ◽  
Desaly Gebre Tshadike ◽  
Goteom Zenbe
Keyword(s):  
Production Cost ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Western Zone ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Seed Data ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Benefit Cost

This study aimed to investigate the cost-benefit of sesame production per hectare under (farmers practice, partial package and full package) practice were farmers performed side by side in their plot. Benefit cost ratio analyses of sesame was conducted in western low lands of Tigray. It includes the production year of 2016/17 E.C and bounded of two woredas with six production sites. In the present study 40 respondents of sesame producers were incorporated. Producers were categorized in to full package (row planting, fertilizer and improved seed users), partial package (broadcast, fertilizer and improved seed users) and non package (broad cast and improved seed). Data was analyzed using SPSS version 16 in terms of percentage, mean, model and others. On the other hand, per hectare yield, return, production cost, and benefit cost ratio of each package were statistically different. The mean productivity per hectare for full package, partial package and non package was 6.55, 5.26 and 3.85 quintal sequentially. The mean return per hectare of full package, partial package, and non package was 26243.75, 21746.25 and 13178.91 birr sequentially. The production cost per hectare of full package, partial package, and non package was 13826.74, 12561.35 and 8681.46 birr respectively. The mean benefit cost ratio was 1.90, 1.74 and 1.50 birr respectively for full package, partial package and non package.

scholarly journals Economic feasibility study of Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp farming: nanobubble investment in increasing harvest productivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
Syifa Mauladani ◽  
Asri Ifani Rahmawati ◽  
Muhammad Fahrurrozi Absirin ◽  
Rizki Nugraha Saputra ◽  
Aprian Fajar Pratama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Shrimp Farming ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Total Investment ◽  
Break Even Point ◽  
Benefit Cost

This study aimed to evaluate the economic feasibility of Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp reared at 400 shrimp/m2 in 56 days of culture. The experimental design was set in an 800 m2 HDPE pond installed with nanobubble and non-nanobubble. Shrimp survival and total harvest in nanobubble treatment was increased to 92% and 2,255 kg, respectively. Economic parameters calculated in this study were Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Payback Period (PP), Break Even Point (BEP), Benefit Cost Ratio (B/C Ratio), and Sensitivity Analysis (SA). The total investment required to run this farming practice is IDR 182,887,700. Total revenue per cycle is estimated at IDR 157,850,000 with the selling price of IDR 70,000/kg of shrimp. The estimated PP is 4 cycles, with an NPV of IDR 172,329,247 projected in 10 cycles. IRR is estimated at 18% and BEP is reached after 7,058 kg production of shrimp. B/C Ratio is estimated to be 1.26 and SA showed that productivity is the most affecting parameters in the present analysis. Based on the economic study, vannamei shrimp farming associated with nanobubble system is feasible to be realized.

scholarly journals Analisis Efisiensi Ekonomi Pada Usahatani Melon (Cucumis Melo L.) Kelompok Tani “Budi Rukun Satu” Di Desa Banyusri Kecamatan Wonosegoro Kabupaten Boyolali

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arief Danar Aprillian, R. Pramono dan Sulistyowati
Keyword(s):  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Break Even Point ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Cucumis Melo L

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung efisiensi keuangan usahatani melon Kinanti oleh petani pada Kelompok Tani Budi Rukun Satu di Desa Banyusri Kecamatan Wonosegoro Kabupaten Boyolali pada bulan Maret 2020, berdasarkan kriteria investasi (Investment Criteria) sederhana yakni BC ratio (Benefit Cost Ratio), BEP (Break Even Point), dan ROI (Revenue On Invensment) untuk mengukur seberapa besar efisiensi penggunaan modal terhadap penerimaan.  Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analisis dengan kuestioner dan observasi lapangan. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer yang dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dengan responden. Sampel sejumlah 21 orang sehingga diambil semua (sensus) pada bulan Januari sampai bulan Maret 2020. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usaha melon ini diusahakan oleh tenaga dengan usia produktif (21-29 tahun) dan bisa mengurangi pengangguran di desa Banyusri dan  dari hasil analisis BC ratio sebesar 1,93 , BEPQ) sebanyak  4.910 Kg/Ha /tahun, BEPharga Rp 2.864,-/kg, dan BEP(Q) PK sebesar Rp 62.214.365,29. ROI sebesar 193% maka usahatani melon efisien dalam penggunaan modal terhadap penerimaan dan layak diusahakan. Kata kunci : Efisiensi usaha, usahatani  melon

scholarly journals THE FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF BODABODA TRANSPORT BUSINESS AMONG YOUTHS IN ARUSHA- COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-185
Author(s):  
Kepha Luvinga ◽  
Simon Kilasara
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Arusha Region ◽  
Benefit Cost

ABSTRACT This study reports upon the findings on the cost and profitability of bodaboda transport business among youths in Arusha. As used in this study, the term bodaboda applies for a two wheeled motorized taxi which provides ‘for hire’ type transport services to passengers and goods. The bodaboda have became an employment opportunity to many unskilled urban labour and further job opportunity to informal sector workers who wish to switch jobs in search of higher rewards. The questionnaires were used to collect data to 90 respondents from two districts of Arusha region namely Arusha and Meru district. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and cost benefit analysis. The finding from the study indicates that the bodaboda transport business is profitable with the benefit cost ratio (BCR) of 2.8 and the net present value (NPV) of 8,494,920Tsh for five years project duration. By having the benefit cost ratio and the net present value greater than 1, the bodaboda business is profitable and worth being undertaken. Based on the findings from the study it is recommended that the government authorities and all key stakeholders should regulate, and support the implementation of bodaboda bussiness through formalization of bodaboda associations, assurance of financial supports and capacity building to youths who engage or willing to engage in the business.

ANALISIS USAHATANI PADI SAWAH DAN USAHATANI KEDELAI DI KECAMATAN BERBAK KABUPATEN TANJUNG JABUNG TIMUR

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Satryawan ◽  
Emy Kernalis ◽  
Arnoldy Arby
Keyword(s):  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Break Even Point ◽  
Benefit Cost

Penelitian ini bertujuanuntuk; 1) mengetahui kondisi usahatani padi sawah dan usahatani kedelai; 2) biaya, penerimaan dan pendapatan usahatani padi sawah dan usahatani kedelai; 3) kelayakan dari usahatani padi sawah dan usahatani kedelai di Kelurahan Simpang Kecamatan Berbak Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasi dan wawancara, dengan jumlahsampel 31 responden yang diambil secara acak sederhana. Sampel merupakan petani yang berusahatani padi sawah dan kedelai secara bergiliran dalam satu tahun.Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tanggal 24 Mei sampai dengan tanggal 24 Juni 2013.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari rata-rata produksi 616,335 Kg per hektar pada usahatani padi sawah dan pada usahatani kedelai rata-rata produksi sebesar 1.113,592 Kg per hektar. Rata-rata pendapatan yang diperoleh dari usahatani padi sawah sebesar Rp. 470.494,01 per hektar dan dari usahatani kedelai adalah Rp. 3.105.018,63 per hektar. Dari usahatani padi sawah didapatkan pendapatan kerja petani sebesar Rp.1.981.662,01 per hektar, penghasilan kerja petani Rp. 3.153.177,16 per hektar serta pendapatan kerja keluarga sebesar Rp. 3.171.965,04 per hektar. Sedangkan pada usahatani kedelai, pendapatan kerja petani yang diperoleh adalah Rp.4.922.739,387 per hektar, penghasilan kerja petani Rp. 6.079.579,009 per hektar serta pendapatan kerja keluarga sebesar Rp. 6.116.135,613 per hektar. Dari analisa kelayakan menggunakan Revenue Cost Ratio, Benefit Cost Ratio dan Break Even Point dapat dikatakan bahwa usahatani padi sawah dan usahatani kedelai yang diusahakan petani menguntungkan dan layak untuk diusahakan serta dikembangkan. Kata Kunci :Usahatani,Pendapatan, Kelayakan

Cost-Benefit Analysis of Two Decision Criteria for Spondee Threshold Measurements

1975 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-114
Author(s):  
Michael R. Chial ◽  
William G. Beck ◽  
Glen Vanlandingham
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Decision Rules ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Testing Time ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Correct Rule ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Benefit Cost

Normal-hearing subjects were tested and retested using two spondee threshold criteria: a strict 50% correct rule and a 50% or 75% correct (or both) rule. The 50% criterion produced lower thresholds at the cost of poorer test-retest reliability and longer test durations. Both decision rules gave lower threshold SPL values and required less testing time during the second trial. A proposed benefit-cost ratio model indicated that the 50% or 75% (or both) decision rule gives a better return on the investment of clinical effort.

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