scholarly journals Role of ABA in Overcoming Environmental Stress: Sensing, Signaling and Crosstalk

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benderradji L ◽  
◽  
Saibi W ◽  
Brini F ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Cis Acting ◽  
Signal Perception ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Aba Signal Transduction ◽  
Stress Sensing ◽  
Aba Receptors

The Abscisic Acid (ABA) is an isoprenoid phytohormone, regulating various physiological processes ranging from stomatal opening to protein storage. Moreover, it provides adaptation to drought, salt and cold stresses acts also as a signaling mediator during the plant’s adaptive response to environmental conditions. In addition, numbers of transcription factors are involved in regulating the expression of ABA responsive genes by interacting with their respective cis-acting elements. ABA signal transduction initiates signal perception by ABA receptors and transfer via downstream proteins, including protein kinases and phosphatases. Hence, for improvement in plants-stress-tolerance capacity, it is necessary to understand the mechanism behind it. On this ground, this article lightens the importance and also the role of ABA signaling with regard to various stresses as well as regulation of ABA biosynthetic pathway along with the transcription factors for stress tolerance.

scholarly journals Expression Characterization of Flavonoid Biosynthetic Pathway Genes and Transcription Factors in Peanut Under Water Deficit Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghulam Kubra ◽  
Maryam Khan ◽  
Faiza Munir ◽  
Alvina Gul ◽  
Tariq Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Correlational Analysis ◽  
Accumulation Pattern ◽  
Yield Production ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Wide Range

Drought is one of the hostile environmental stresses that limit the yield production of crop plants by modulating their growth and development. Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) has a wide range of adaptations to arid and semi-arid climates, but its yield is prone to loss due to drought. Other than beneficial fatty acids and micronutrients, peanut harbors various bioactive compounds including flavonoids that hold a prominent position as antioxidants in plants and protect them from oxidative stress. In this study, understanding of the biosynthesis of flavonoids in peanut under water deficit conditions was developed through expression analysis and correlational analysis and determining the accumulation pattern of phenols, flavonols, and anthocyanins. Six peanut varieties (BARD479, BARI2011, BARI2000, GOLDEN, PG1102, and PG1265) having variable responses against drought stress have been selected. Higher water retention and flavonoid accumulation have been observed in BARI2011 but downregulation has been observed in the expression of genes and transcription factors (TFs) which indicated the maintenance of normal homeostasis. ANOVA revealed that the expression of flavonoid genes and TFs is highly dependent upon the genotype of peanut in a spatiotemporal manner. Correlation analysis between expression of flavonoid biosynthetic genes and TFs indicated the role of AhMYB111 and AhMYB7 as an inhibitor for AhF3H and AhFLS, respectively, and AhMYB7, AhTTG1, and AhCSU2 as a positive regulator for the expression of Ah4CL, AhCHS, and AhF3H, respectively. However, AhbHLH and AhGL3 revealed nil-to-little relation with the expression of flavonoid biosynthetic pathway genes. Correlational analysis between the expression of TFs related to the biosynthesis of flavonoids and the accumulation of phenolics, flavonols, and anthocyanins indicated coregulation of flavonoid synthesis by TFs under water deficit conditions in peanut. This study would provide insight into the role of flavonoid biosynthetic pathway in drought response in peanut and would aid to develop drought-tolerant varieties of peanut.

scholarly journals Dawn and photoperiod sensing by phytochrome A

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (41) ◽  
pp. 10523-10528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel D. Seaton ◽  
Gabriela Toledo-Ortiz ◽  
Ashwin Ganpudi ◽  
Akane Kubota ◽  
Takato Imaizumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Functional Genomic ◽  
Anthocyanin Accumulation ◽  
Sensitive Detector ◽  
Phytochrome A ◽  
Direct Control ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Complex Regulation

In plants, light receptors play a pivotal role in photoperiod sensing, enabling them to track seasonal progression. Photoperiod sensing arises from an interaction between the plant’s endogenous circadian oscillator and external light cues. Here, we characterize the role of phytochrome A (phyA) in photoperiod sensing. Our metaanalysis of functional genomic datasets identified phyA as a principal regulator of morning-activated genes, specifically in short photoperiods. We demonstrate that PHYA expression is under the direct control of the PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR transcription factors, PIF4 and PIF5. As a result, phyA protein accumulates during the night, especially in short photoperiods. At dawn, phyA activation by light results in a burst of gene expression, with consequences for physiological processes such as anthocyanin accumulation. The combination of complex regulation of PHYA transcript and the unique molecular properties of phyA protein make this pathway a sensitive detector of both dawn and photoperiod.

scholarly journals TheYABBYGenes of Leaf and Leaf-Like Organ Polarity in Leafless PlantMonotropa hypopitys

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna V. Shchennikova ◽  
Marya A. Slugina ◽  
Alexey V. Beletsky ◽  
Mikhail A. Filyushin ◽  
Andrey A. Mardanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Lateral Organs ◽  
Monotropa Hypopitys ◽  
Different Tissues

Monotropa hypopitysis a mycoheterotrophic, nonphotosynthetic plant acquiring nutrients from the roots of autotrophic trees through mycorrhizal symbiosis, and, similar to other extant plants, forming asymmetrical lateral organs during development. The members of the YABBY family of transcription factors are important players in the establishment of leaf and leaf-like organ polarity in plants. This is the first report on the identification ofYABBYgenes in a mycoheterotrophic plant devoid of aboveground vegetative organs. SevenM. hypopitys YABBYmembers were identified and classified into four clades. By structural analysis of putative encoded proteins, we confirmed the presence of YABBY-defining conserved domains and identified novel clade-specific motifs. Transcriptomic and qRT-PCR analyses of different tissues revealedMhyYABBYtranscriptional patterns, which were similar to those of orthologousYABBYgenes from other angiosperms. These data should contribute to the understanding of the role of theYABBYgenes in the regulation of developmental and physiological processes in achlorophyllous leafless plants.

scholarly journals Tomato Protein Phosphatase 2C (SlPP2C3) negatively regulates fruit ripening onset and fruit gloss

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Liang ◽  
Yufei Sun ◽  
Juan Wang ◽  
Yu Zheng ◽  
Wenbo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Aba Signaling ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Enhanced Sensitivity ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Appearance Quality ◽  
Aba Receptors

AbstractAbscisic acid (ABA) plays a vital role in coordinating physiological processes during fresh fruit ripening. ABA can bind to ABA receptors which interacts and inhibits their co-receptors type 2C phosphatases (PP2Cs). However, the dissected mechanism of PP2C during fruit ripening is unclear. In this study, we identify the role of SlPP2C3, a tomato type 2C phosphatase, as a negative regulator of ABA signaling and fruit ripening. SlPP2C3 selectively interacted with monomeric ABA receptors and SlSnRK2.8 kinase in both yeast and tobacco epidermal cells. Expressions of SlPP2C3 were observed in all tissues, and it negatively correlated with the fruit ripening which was induced by exogenous ABA. Tomato plants with suppressed SlPP2C3 expression exhibited enhanced sensitivity to ABA, while SlPP2C3 over-expressed plants were less sensitive to ABA. Meaningfully, lack of SlPP2C3 expression causes the acceleration of fruit ripening onset via the alternation of ABA signaling activity, and the fruit gloss is affected by the changes of outer epidermis structure. RNA-seq analysis found significant different expression of cuticle-related genes in pericarp between wild-type and SlPP2C3 suppressed lines. Taken together, our finding demonstrate that SlPP2C3 plays an important role in the regulation of fruit ripening and fruit appearance quality in tomato.

Role of DREB transcription factors in abiotic and biotic stress tolerance in plants

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 1263-1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep K. Agarwal ◽  
Parinita Agarwal ◽  
M. K. Reddy ◽  
Sudhir K. Sopory
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Biotic Stress ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stress ◽  
Dreb Transcription Factors

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF miRNA INTERACTION WITH mRNA GENES OF T. AESTIVUM C2H2, ERF, GRAS TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS FAMILIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (338) ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
A. K. Rakhmetullina ◽  
S. K. Turasheva ◽  
A. A. Bolshoy ◽  
A. T. Ivashchenko
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stresses ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Gras Family ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Nucleotide Interactions

The molecular mechanisms for increasing plant productivity remain poorly understood. Genes of C2H2, GRAS, ERF transcription factors (TFs) families play a key role in the physiological processes of plants, including wheat. In recent years, the important role of miRNAs in the regulation of the expression of many genes involved in the formation of productivity has been established. Wheat miRNA (mRNA-inhibiting RNA) target genes are involved in the regulation of the development of flowers, seeds, root, shoots, and responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. The miRNAs binding sites in mRNAs of C2H2, ERF, GRAS TFs families were performed using the MirTarget program, which calculates the free energy of miRNA binding with mRNA, the schemes and positions of nucleotide interactions with binding sites. Wheat genes were used as the object of the study, since wheat is one of the main grain crops in Kazakhstan and in many other countries. The presence of miRNA binding sites with high nucleotide complementarity in mRNA of C2H2, ERF, GRAS TF genes of wheat was shown. All binding sites of these miRNAs were located in the CDS of mRNA target genes. Of the 125 miRNAs of T. aestivum, miR319-3p efficiently bound with mRNA of C2H2 family genes with the value of ΔG/ΔGm equal 91 %. miR7757-5p interacted with mRNA of ERF and GRAS family genes with the value of ΔG/ΔGm equal to 92 % and 90 % respectively. miR9778-5p bound with mRNA of C2H2, ERF, GRAS family genes to varying degrees. Each of the miR408-3p, miR9780-3p, and miR9778-5p had four target genes with the value of ΔG/ΔGm equal to 87 % and 89 %. These data indicate the dependency of C2H2, GRAS, ERF TFs families expression on miRNA. The obtained results expand the fundamental ideas about the regulatory mechanisms of miRNA in the process of plant growth and development.

scholarly journals Transcription Factors in Plant Stress Responses: Challenges and Potential for Sugarcane Improvement

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talha Javed ◽  
Rubab Shabbir ◽  
Ahmad Ali ◽  
Irfan Afzal ◽  
Uroosa Zaheer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Plant Stress ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stresses ◽  
Cis Acting ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Signal Perception ◽  
Wide Range

Increasing vulnerability of crops to a wide range of abiotic and biotic stresses can have a marked influence on the growth and yield of major crops, especially sugarcane (Saccharum spp.). In response to various stresses, plants have evolved a variety of complex defense systems of signal perception and transduction networks. Transcription factors (TFs) that are activated by different pathways of signal transduction and can directly or indirectly combine with cis-acting elements to modulate the transcription efficiency of target genes, which play key regulators for crop genetic improvement. Over the past decade, significant progresses have been made in deciphering the role of plant TFs as key regulators of environmental responses in particular important cereal crops; however, a limited amount of studies have focused on sugarcane. This review summarizes the potential functions of major TF families, such as WRKY, NAC, MYB and AP2/ERF, in regulating gene expression in the response of plants to abiotic and biotic stresses, which provides important clues for the engineering of stress-tolerant cultivars in sugarcane.

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